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Raziq Fazal,Hussain Jibran,Ahmad Sohail,Asif Hussain Muhammad,Khan Muhammad Tahir,Ullah Assad,Qumar Muhammad,Wadood Fazal,Gull-e-Faran 아세아·태평양축산학회 2024 Animal Bioscience Vol.37 No.3
Objective: Due to current selection practices for increased egg production and peak persistency, the production profile, age at maturity, and body weight criteria for commercial layers are constantly changing. Body weight and age at the time of photostimulation will thus always be the factors that need to be adequately addressed among various production systems. The current study was carried out to determine the effects of pullets' body weight (low, medium, and heavy) on their performance, welfare, physiological response, and hormonal profile. Methods: With regard to live weight, 150 16-week-old pullets were divided into three groups using a completely randomized design (CRD) and held until the 50th week. One-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate the data under the CRD, and the least significant difference test was used to distinguish between treatment means. Results: In comparison to the medium and light birds, the heavy birds had higher body weight at maturity, an earlier age at maturity, and higher egg weight, eggshell weight, eggshell thickness, egg yolk index, breaking strength, egg surface area, egg shape index, egg volume, and hormonal profile except corticosterone. However, the medium and light birds had lower feed consumption rates per dozen eggs and per kilogram of egg mass than the heavy birds. Light birds showed greater body weight gain, egg production, and egg specific gravity than the other categories. At 20 weeks of age, physiological response, welfare aspects, and catalase were non-significant; however, at 50 weeks of age, all these factors—aside from catalase—were extremely significant. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that layers can function at lower body weights during photostimulation; hence, dietary regimens that result in lighter pullets may be preferable. Additionally, the welfare of the birds was not compromised by the lighter weight group.
Fazal Akbar,Honnyong Cha,Seunghoon Lee,Tien-The Nguyen 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5
In this paper, a new single-phase single-stage transformerless inverter is proposed for grid-tied and standalone applications. The proposed inverter has low leakage current and is capable to perform both buck and boost functions. Further, as compared to the conventional state of art buck-boost inverters, it can achieve high power density because the magnetic volume is reduced significantly. High power conversion efficiency with reduced EMI concerns can be realized because only one switch operates at high frequency. Moreover, there is no need for generating high frequency deadtime because all the remaining switches operate at line frequency. In order to verify the proposed topology, a laboratory prototype is designed for 500 W and the experimental results are provided as well.
Fazal Shahid,Mohammad Khursheed Alam,Mohd Fadhli Khamis 대한치과교정학회 2016 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.46 No.3
Objective: The primary aim of the study was to generate new prediction equations for the estimation of maxillary and mandibular canine and premolar widths based on mandibular incisors and first permanent molar widths. Methods: A total of 2,340 calculations (768 based on the sum of mandibular incisor and first permanent molar widths, and 1,572 based on the maxillary and mandibular canine and premolar widths) were performed, and a digital stereomicroscope was used to derive the the digital models and measurements. Mesiodistal widths of maxillary and mandibular teeth were measured via scanned digital models. Results: There was a strong positive correlation between the estimation of maxillary (r = 0.85994, r² = 0.7395) and mandibular (r = 0.8708, r² = 0.7582) canine and premolar widths. The intraclass correlation coefficients were statistically significant, and the coefficients were in the strong correlation range, with an average of 0.9. Linear regression analysis was used to establish prediction equations. Prediction equations were developed to estimate maxillary arches based on Y = 15.746 + 0.602 × sum of mandibular incisors and mandibular first permanent molar widths (sum of mandibular incisors [SMI] + molars), Y = 18.224 + 0.540 × (SMI + molars), and Y = 16.186 + 0.586 × (SMI + molars) for both genders, and to estimate mandibular arches the parameters used were Y = 16.391 + 0.564 × (SMI + molars), Y = 14.444 + 0.609 × (SMI + molars), and Y = 19.915 + 0.481 × (SMI + molars). Conclusions: These formulas will be helpful for orthodontic diagnosis and clinical treatment planning during the mixed dentition stage.
Fazal Haq,Haojie Yu,Li Wang,Lisong Teng,Sahid Mehmood,Muhammad Haroon,Bilal-Ul-Amin,Shah Fahad,Md Alim Uddin,Di Shen 대한환경공학회 2021 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.26 No.5
Cigarette industry plays an important role in the economy of the advanced countries. But the cigarette smoke contains toxic chemicals such as phenol which causes various kind of diseases and affect human life. In this paper, we synthesized carboxymethyl starch grafted poly vinyl imidazole (CMS-g-PVIs) by reacting carboxymehtyl starch (CMS) with vinyl imidazole (VI). The structures of the CMS-g-PVIs were investigated by 1H NMR and FT-IR. The crystalline properties of the CMS and CMS-g-PVIs were checked by XRD. The thermal properties of the original CMS and CMS-g-PVIs were investigated by TGA analysis. It was found that the modified starches had high thermal stability due to aromatic imidazole ring. The modified starches also showed more rough and distorted morphology as compared to native CMS. The CMS-g-PVIs were subjected for phenol adsorption and showed adsorption efficiencies of 0.170 g/g, 0.190 g/g, 0.192 g/g and 0.199 g/g for CMS, CMS-g-PVI 1, CMS-g-PVI 2 and CMS-g-PVI 3, respectively. Due to higher grafting ratio, CMS-g-PVI 3 showed good adsorption efficiency of 0.199 g/g for phenol. The obtained results showed that the grafting of vinyl imidazole on CMS can increase the adsorption efficiency of native CMS towards phenol.
Global interconnectivity and its ethical challenges in education
Fazal Rizvi 서울대학교 교육연구소 2019 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.20 No.2
The past decade has witnessed the rise of ethno-nationalist sentiments around the world, around the claims that globalization is an ideology that has undermined the sovereignty of nation-states and created conditions that have produced wide-ranging social inequalities. And yet there seems little prospect of turning back from the facts of global interconnectivity. In this paper, I suggest that it is in this contradictory space that the work of educators is now located. Such a space has given rise to a range of perplexing ethical challenges that are not only political but also pedagogic. Politically, these challenges relate to the need to forge ethical communities that can generate collective action in the face of growing levels of global interconnectivity, on the one hand, and the popular appeal of nationalism, on the other. Pedagogically, these challenges demand approaches that assist students to make a better sense of the contradictory world in which they now live and learn, and develop a practice of ethics that foregrounds diference, complexity, contingency and uncertainty.
Fazal Abbas,Tariq Jan,Javed Iqbal,M. Sajjad H. Naqvi 한국물리학회 2015 Current Applied Physics Vol.15 No.11
In the present study, structural, optical, magnetic properties as well as cytotoxicity of undoped and Fe doped Ceria (CeO2) nanoparticles synthesized by simple soft chemical method have been reported. SEM and XRD results have shown that the synthesized samples are comprised of ultrafine spherical nanoparticles having single phase cubic fluorite structure of CeO2. Raman spectroscopy results have depicted a red shift in F2g mode with Fe doping which reveals enhancement in the oxygen vacancies. The optical band gap calculated from UVevisible absorption spectra has been found to vary unsystematically with Fe doping which is associated with the creation of impurity level and abundance in oxygen vacancies with Fe doping. The oxygen vacancies have introduced the room temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) in undoped and Fe doped CeO2 nanoparticles. The saturation magnetization (Ms) value of pristine CeO2 nanoparticles has been found to be 0.00083 emu/g which is increased up to 0.0126 emu/g for 7% Fe doped nanoparticles. For cytotoxicity tests, the synthesized nanoparticles induced effects on Neuroblastoma cancer cells & HEK-293 healthy cells have been analyzed via CCK-8 analysis. It has been observed that the prepared undoped and Fe doped CeO2 nanoparticles have nontoxic nature towards healthy cells while they are extremely toxic towards cancerous cells. Furthermore, the anticancer activity is found to enhance with Fe doping. The selective toxicity and enhancement in anticancer activity with Fe doping has observed to be strongly correlated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.