Evaluation of expression of the Wnt signaling components in canine mammary tumors via RT2 Profiler PCR Array and immunochemistry assays

Fang Yu,Roberta Rasotto,Hong Zhang,Shimin Pei,Bin Zhou,Xu Yang,Yipeng Jin,Di Zhang,Degui Lin 대한수의학회 2017 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.18 No.3

The Wnt signaling pathway and its key component b-catenin have critical roles in the development of diseases such as tumors in mammals. However, little has been reported about involvement of the Wnt/b-catenin signaling pathway in canine mammary tumors (CMTs). The present study detected expression of 30 Wnt signaling pathway-related genes in CMTs; the results are potentially useful for molecular-based diagnosis of CMTs and the development of new targeted therapies. Significant upregulations of dickkopf-1 protein, secreted frizzled-related sequence protein 1 (SFRP1), frizzled 3, b-catenin, and lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1) were detected in highly malignant CMTs compared to levels in normal mammary gland tissues; moreover, highly significant upregulation of WNT5A was observed in low malignancy CMTs. Downregulation was only detected for SFRP4 in malignant CMT samples. The subcellular location of b-catenin and cyclin D1 in 100 CMT samples was investigated via immunohistochemical analysis, and significantly increased expressions of b-catenin in cytoplasm and cyclin D1 in nuclei were revealed. Western blotting analysis revealed that the expression of b-catenin and LEF1 increased in in the majority of CMT samples. Taken together, the results provide important evidence of the activation status of the Wnt pathway in CMTs and valuable clues to identifying biomarkers for molecular-based diagnosis of CMT.

Sliding Mode Controller Applied to Coupled Inductor Dual Boost Inverters

Fang, Yu,Cao, Songyin,Wheeler, Pat The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2019 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.19 No.6

A coupled inductor-dual boost-inverter (CIDBI) with a differential structure has been presented for application to a micro-inverter photovoltaic module system due to its turn ratio of a high-voltage level. However, it is difficult to design a CIDBI converter with a conventional PI regulator to be stable and achieve good dynamic performance, given the fact that it is a high order system. In view of this situation, a sliding mode control (SMC) strategy is introduced in this paper, and two different sliding mode controllers (SMCs) are proposed and adopted in the left and right side of two Boost sub-circuits to implement the corresponding regulation of the voltage and current. The schemes of the SMCs have been elaborated in this paper including the establishment of a system variable structure model, selection of the sliding surface, determination of the control law, and presentation of the reaching conditions and sliding domain. Finally, the mathematic analysis and the proposed SMC are verified by experimental results.

Biosynthesis of Chondroitin in Engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum

( Fangyu Cheng ),( Sijin Luozhong ),( Huimin Yu ),( Zhigang Guo ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.3

Chondroitin, the precursor of chondroitin sulfate, which is an important polysaccharide, has drawn significant attention due to its applications in many fields. In the present study, a heterologous biosynthesis pathway of chondroitin was designed in a GRAS (generally recognized as safe) strain C. glutamicum. CgkfoC and CgkfoA genes with host codon preference were synthesized and driven by promoter Ptac, which was confirmed as a strong promoter via GFPuv reporter assessment. In a lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) deficient host, intracellular chondroitin titer increased from 0.25 to 0.88 g/l compared with that in a wild-type host. Moreover, precursor enhancement via overexpressing precursor synthesizing gene ugdA further improved chondroitin titers to 1.09 g/l. Chondroitin production reached 1.91 g/l with the engineered strain C. glutamicum ΔL-CgCAU in a 5-L fed-batch fermentation with a single distribution M_w of 186 kDa. This work provides an alternative, safe and novel means of producing chondroitin for industrial applications.

Recent Advances in Cancer Imaging with 64CuCl2 PET/CT

Fangyu Peng 대한핵의학회 2022 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.56 No.2

Copper is required for cancer cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. Radioactive copper-64 chloride (64CuCl2) is a useful radiotracer for cancer imaging with position emission tomography (PET) based on increased cellular uptake of copper mediated by human copper transporter 1 (hCtr1) expressed on cancer cell membrane. Significant progress has been made in research of using 64CuCl2 as a radiotracer for cancer imaging with PET. Radiation dosimetry study in humans demonstrated radiation safety of 64CuCl2. Recently, 64CuCl2 was successfully used for PET imaging of prostate cancer, bladder cancer, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and non-small cell lung carcinoma in humans. Based on the findings fromthe preclinical research studies, 64CuCl2 PET/CT also holds potential for diagnostic imaging of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), malignant melanoma, and detection of intracranial metastasis of copper-avid tumors based on low physiological background of radioactive copper uptake in the brain. Copper-64 radionuclide emits both β+ and β− particles, suggesting therapeutic potential of 64CuCl2 for radionuclide cancer therapy of copper-avid tumors. Recent progress in production of therapeutic copper-67 radionuclide invites clinical research in use of theranostic pair of 64CuCl2 and 67CuCl2 for cancer imaging and radionuclide therapy.

연구개발비가 기업가치에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : 중국 산동성 기업을 중심으로

HU FANGYU,배기수(BAE, KHEE SU) 한국창업학회 2021 한국창업학회지 Vol.16 No.2

본 연구에서는 중국 산동성의 상장기업을 대상으로 연구개발비가 기업가치에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대해 회귀분석모형을 이용해 실증 분석하였다. 종속변수로는 기업 가치를 측정하는 토빈 Q로 측정하였으며, 독립변수 중 실험변수는 연구개발비로 측정하였다. 이외에 선행연구에서 기업가치에 유의적인 영향을 미치는 변수로 밝혀진 재무레버리지와 기업규모 등을 통제변수로 선정하였다. 연구표본은 2010년부터 2018년까지 9년 동안 554개의 데이터를 대상으로 분석하였다. 기업가치에 영향을 미치는 변수들을 통제하지 않은 상태의 상관관계 분석에서 중국 산동성의 상장기업 연구개발비가 기업가치에 1% 수준에서 유의적인 양(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 좀 더 정밀한 분석을 하고자 기업가치에 영향을 미치는 다른 변수들을 통제하고 분석한 다변량 회귀분석을 실시한 결과 연구개발비가 기업가치에 유의수준 1%에서 유의적인 양(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석결과는 중국 산동성 상장기업에서 경영자들은 기업가치 증가를 위해 연구개발 활동을 활발하게 할 필요가 있다는 것을 시사한다. 중국 산동성 기업들은 현재 매우 활발하게 성장하고 있는 기업들로 이들 기업의 가치를 증가시키기 위해서는 무엇보다도 연구개발이 중요하다는 것을 밝혀낸 본 연구는 중국 산동성 기업의 경영전략수립에 도움을 줄 수 있다. This paper takes the listed enterprises in Shandong province of China with a high proportion of R&D expenditure as the research object to study the impact of R&D expenditure on enterprise value. The analysis model uses multiple regression analysis model, the subordinate variables are measured by Tobin Q, which measures the enterprise value, and the experimental variables in the independent variables are measured by the research and development cost. In addition, the variables that influence enterprise value revealed in the advance study - financial leverage and enterprise scale are selected as the control variables. The study sample analyzed 554 items of data over a nine-year period from 2010 to 2018. The analysis results show that TRD has a positive (+) effect on firm value (TQ) at 1% significance level. This means that enterprise value increases as R&D spending increases, just as it does in univariate analysis - correlation analysis. The correlation analysis also shows that the R&D cost of listed companies in Shandong Province has a positive influence on the enterprise value without controlling other variables. In order to make a more precise analysis, other variables that affect firm value are controlled and multivariate regression analysis is carried out. The results show that the impact of research and development cost on firm value has a significant impact at the level of 1%. In order to increase the value of the enterprise, it is necessary to make active research and development activities.

Effects of Chromium on Energy Metabolism in Lambs Fed with Different Dietary Protein Levels

Yan, Xiaogang,Zhang, Fangyu,Li, Dong,Zhu, Xiaoping,Jia, Zhihai Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.2

The effects of chromium (Cr), dietary crude protein (CP) level, and potential interactions of these two factors were investigated in term of energy metabolism in lambs. Forty-eight 9-week-old weaned lambs (Dorper${\times}$Small-tail Han sheep, male, mean initial body weight = 22.96 kg${\pm}$2.60 kg) were used in a 2${\times}$3 factorial arrangement of supplemental Cr (0 ${\mu}g$/kg, 400 $\mu{g}$/kg or 800 ${\mu}g$/kg from chromium yeast) and protein levels (low protein: 157 g/d to 171 g/d for each animal, or high protein: 189 g/d to 209 g/d for each animal). Blood samples were collected at the beginning and end of the feeding trial. The lambs were then sacrificed and tissue samples were frozen for further analysis. Chromium at 400 ${\mu}g$/kg decreased fasting insulin level and the ratio of plasma insulin to glucagon, but these differences were not statistically significant; in contrast, chromium at 800 ${\mu}g$/kg increased the ratio significantly (p<0.05). Protein at the high level increased plasma tumor necrosis factor $\alpha$ (TNF-$\alpha$) level (p = 0.060). Liver glycogen content was increased significantly by Cr (p<0.05), which also increased liver glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) and adipose hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) activity. At 400 ${\mu}g$/kg, Cr increased muscle hexokinase (HK) activity. High protein significantly increased G-6-Pase activities in both the liver (p<0.05) and the kidney (p<0.05), but significantly decreased fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity in subcutaneous adipose tissue (p<0.05). For HSL activity in adipose tissue, a Cr${\times}$CP interaction (p<0.05) was observed. Overall, Cr improved energy metabolism, primarily by promoting the glycolytic rate and lipolytic processes, and these regulations were implemented mainly through the modulation by Cr of the insulin signal transduction system. High protein improved gluconeogenesis in both liver and kidney. The interaction of Cr${\times}$CP indicated that 400 $\mu{g}$/kg Cr could reduce energy consumption in situations where energy was being conserved, but could improve energy utilization when metabolic rate was increased.

Halogenated β-diketiminato magnesium complexes: Preparation, characterization, and catalysis for ring-opening polymerization of aliphatic lactones

Mou Zehuai,Xing Fangyu,Gu Jialu 대한화학회 2022 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.43 No.5

The halogenated β-diketiminato magnesium butyl complexes LXMgBu(THF) (X = Cl (1), Br (2)) and allyl complexes LXMg(allyl)(THF) (X = Cl (3), Br (4)) (LCl = ((2,6-Cl2C6H3)N═C(Me)CH═C(Me)N(2,6-Cl2C6H3)), LBr = ((2,6-Br2C6H3)N═C (Me)CH═C(Me)N(2,6-Br2C6H3)) were prepared and characterized. The treatment of butyl complex 2 with (S)-1-phenylethanol gave the corresponding alkoxide complex [LBrMgOCHMePh]2 (5), the dimeric structure of which was confirmed by single-crystal x-ray diffraction. When bulky diphenylmethanol was employed to react with Complex 2, THF-ligated monomeric complex LBrMgOCHPh2(THF) (6) was afforded. The catalytic performances of these magnesium complexes for ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL), δ-valerolactone (δ-VL), and γ-butyrolactone (γ-BL) were evaluated.

Isolated Hepatic Metastasis of Prostate Cancer with Variable 18F-fluociclovine Uptake by PET/CT Imaging

Endel Sorra,Muhammad U. Aziz,Fangyu Peng 대한핵의학회 2020 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.54 No.1

A 74-year-old man presented with rapid rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) 2 years after treatment of prostate cancer with prostatectomy and salvage radiation therapy. PSA increased from 923 to 4349 ng/mL within 2 months. No osseous metastatic lesions of prostate cancer were detected by 18F-sodium fluoride PET/CT imaging at an outside facility. 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT imaging was performed to evaluate local recurrence of prostate cancer at surgical bed of prostatectomy and distant metastasis. One small focus of low-level 18F-fluciclovine radiotracer uptake was noted in the surgical bed of prostatectomy without corresponding soft tissue mass on CT. No fluciclovine-avid lymph nodes or osseous metastatic lesions were detected, but multiple hypodense lesions of variable 18F-fluciclovine radiotracer uptake were noted in the liver, concerning for isolated liver metastasis of prostate cancer. The patient underwent docetaxel chemotherapy for treatment of prostate cancer liver metastasis and showed a favorable response to treatment by significant decreased size of the hypodense lesions in the liver on post treatment abdominal CT, along with dramatic reduction of PSA level and improvement of liver function. The findings from this case highlight the importance of checking hypoattenuating lesions in the liver for the presence of prostate cancer metastatic lesions that might appear similar to other benign hypoattenuating lesions of low fluciclovine uptake relative to physiological 18F-fluciclovine uptake in the normal liver tissues, a potential pitfall at interpretation of 18F-fluociclovine PET/CT imaging.

Salt-controlled dissolution in pigment cathode for high-capacity and long-life magnesium organic batteries

Cui, Lianmeng,Zhou, Limin,Zhang, Kai,Xiong, Fangyu,Tan, Shuangshuang,Li, Maosheng,An, Qinyou,Kang, Yong-Mook,Mai, Liqiang Elsevier 2019 Nano energy Vol.65 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Benefiting from high volumetric energy density and generally dendrite-free growth of Mg metal, rechargeable magnesium batteries (MBs) become a promising next-generation energy storage system. Organic electrode materials, with characteristic of sustainable resource and flexible structure, have been widely studied in alkali metal ion batteries, but are rarely reported in MBs. Herein, we demonstrate that 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) serves as a cathode material for MBs in non-aqueous system, which realizes a fast diffusion kinetics and remarkable Mg-storage performance through a salt-dissolution inhibition approach for the electrolyte. The PTCDA exhibits a reversible capacity of 126 mAh g<SUP>−1</SUP> (at 200 mA g<SUP>−1</SUP>), excellent rate performance, and good cycling stability (100 mAh g<SUP>−1</SUP> even after 150 cycles). Furthermore, the evolution mechanism of the PTCDA electrode based on the transformation between carbonyl groups (CO) and enolate groups (C–O) is revealed by <I>ex-situ</I> phase characterization and functional group analysis. Besides, the dissolution inhibition of the PTCDA could also be realized through the incorporation of other soluble salt (KCl or NaCl) into all phenyl complex (APC) electrolyte, resulting in an enhanced cycling capacity. Considering the designable configuration of the organic materials, this work would pave way for their utilization on multi-valent ion batteries and provide efficient strategy to realize high voltage and satisfied cycle life.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The magnesium anode in organic system was realized combined with the solubility inhibition of the host materials. </LI> <LI> Compared with other inorganic cathode materials, the PTCDA is eligible to offset the defect of Mg<SUP>2+</SUP> transport dynamics. </LI> <LI> Compared with other Mg-storage materials reported, the PTCDA demonstrates a high working voltage plateau and a small polarization. </LI> <LI> The electrochemical mechanism of the PTCDA is proved to be the transformation between carbonyl groups and enolate groups. </LI> <LI> The incorporation of dissolvable salts inhibited the dissolution of the PTCDA. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Prognostic value of metabolic tumor volume and total lesion glycolysis from 18F-FDG PET/CT in lymph node metastases and risk stratification of endometrial carcinoma

Dou-dou Liu,Jian-fang Li,Xiaomao Li,Liangjun Xie,Luping Qin,Fangyu Peng,Mu-hua Cheng 대한부인종양학회 2019 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.30 No.6

Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and totallesion glycolysis (TLG), measured by preoperative 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emissiontomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT), in risk stratification of patients withendometrial carcinoma (EC). Methods: The patients with pathological diagnosis of EC who underwent preoperative18F-FDG PET/CT imaging were retrospectively selected for analysis of the prognostic valuesof PET parameters in risk classification and lymph node metastases (LNMs). Receiveroperating-characteristic analysis was used to analyze the correlation of PET parameters cutoffvalues with deep myometrial invasion (MI), lymphovascular space involvement and LNM forprognostic values in risk stratification. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value andaccuracy for detection of LNM are 83.3%, 99.7%, 90.9%, 99.5% and 99.2%, respectively. TheMTV and TLG of primary lesion of EC in the patients with LNM are notably higher than thosein patients without LNM, p<0.010. The MTV and TLG of the EC primary lesions in high-riskpatients are significantly higher than those in low-risk patients (p<0.010), but the maximumstandardized uptake value (SUVmax) is not. The MTV and TLG of primary lesions weresuperior to SUVmax for predicting of deep MI, LNM and high-risk of EC (p<0.005). Conclusion: MTV and TLG of primary lesions are more valuable in predicting riskstratification of EC patients. Preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging is useful in predictingthe LNM of EC and may help guide pelvic lymphadenectomy to avoid unnecessary pelviclymphadenectomy in EC patients with low-risk stratification.