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Park, S.B.,Jang, H.B.,Fagutao, F.F.,Kim, Y.K.,Nho, S.W.,Cha, I.S.,Yu, J.E.,Jung, T.S. Academic Press 2014 FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Vol.38 No.2
The olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, is an economically important food fish in Japan and Korea. Scuticociliatosis is a major parasitic disease, and fatal infection with scuticociliates, or mixed infections with scuticociliates and other pathogenic agents (e.g., Vibrio spp.) cause severe mortalities in farmed olive flounders. To date, however, effective chemotherapeutic treatment of scuticociliatosis has only been reported at the in vitro level. In this study, we employed combination treatment, using benzalkonium chloride (to remove excess mucus from the body surface) and bronopol (to kill the parasites), to overcome the protective effect of mucus by some medicine to the scuticociliates. In the presence of the mucus mixture, the higher dose of bronopol (156 ppm) yielded morphologies and motilities similar to those of ciliates treated with the lower dose of bronopol (80 ppm) in the absence of mucus. We also investigated the in vivo effects of this treatment in field trials involving a total of 15,025 naturally infected flounders. We observed that short-term bath treatments with benzalkonium chloride (50 ppm) followed by bronopol (500 ppm) were effective, assessed by the relative percentage mortality (RPS) value. Thus, this study provides a notable therapeutic strategy by removing the mucus to treat scuticociliatosis in olive flounders at the aquaculture field level.
Quynh, N.T.,Hikima, J.i.,Kim, Y.r.,Fagutao, F.F.,Kim, M.S.,Aoki, T.,Jung, T.S. Academic Press 2015 FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Vol.44 No.2
DDX41, a receptor belonging to the DExD family, functions as a DNA sensor in the mammalian cytoplasm and mediates the antiviral response in host cells. Here, the olive flounder DDX41 was found to have 2267-bp long and encodes a putative protein of 614 amino acid residues. The olive flounder DDX41 mRNA was presented in all tested tissues, and was distinctly expressed in fish naturally infected with LCDV. High expression levels were observed in the heart, liver, kidney and stomach. Furthermore, the olive flounder DDX41 mRNA expression increased significantly in adherent (monocyte-like) cells following stimulation with a DNA virus. Reporter assays showed that the transcriptional activity of the IFN-I promoter was enhanced in DDX41-overexpressing HINAE cells treated with C-di-GMP (dinucleotides). Overexpression of DDX41 also induced the antiviral and inflammatory cytokine gene expression through cytoplasmic C-di-GMP treatment. These results suggest that DDX41 functions as a cytosolic DNA sensor that is capable of inducing antiviral activity and inflammatory responses in the olive flounder.
박성빈,Kyoung Kwon,차인석,장호빈,노성원,Fernand F. Fagutao,Young Kyu Kim,류종언,정태성 대한수의학회 2014 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.15 No.1
A multiplex PCR protocol was established tosimultaneously detect major bacterial pathogens in oliveflounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) including Edwardsiella(E.) tarda, Streptococcus (S.) parauberis, and S. iniae. ThePCR assay was able to detect 0.01 ng of E. tarda, 0.1 ng of S. parauberis, and 1 ng of S. iniae genomic DNA. Furthermore,this technique was found to have high specificity when testedwith related bacterial species. This method represents acheaper, faster, and reliable alternative for identifyingmajor bacterial pathogens in olive flounder, the mostimportant farmed fish in Korea.