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吳英敏,林哉明,崔義昭 東亞大學校 大學院 1984 大學院論文集 Vol.8 No.2
This study was conducted to investigate nonpoint pollutant discharges from the Busan area while raining. The artificial parameters used for this study were BOD, COD, and SS. Bo Soo-Chun was selected as the sampling site for the urban discharge. Flows and the concentrations of pollutants were measured during dry and wet weather conditions for this area. The results of this study are as follows; 1. The population equivalents of pollutants flowed into the Bosoo-Chun for the period of dry weather were 37 BODg/day, 55 CODg/day, and 30 SSg/day. 2. The maximum concentrations of pollutants in the Bosoo-Chun at the first flush were 3.2, 4.3, and 21.7 times in BOD, COD, and SS respectively that at the period of dry weather. 3. In case of continuous wet weather, the concentrations of pollutants in the Bo Soo-Chun were 2.1, 1.9, and 5.2 times in BOD, COD, and SS respectively the maximum concentrations at the period of dry weather when rainfall was 8 mm/hr. 4. The correlation equations of rainfall and the discharges of pollutants during rainfall are as follows; Kg BOD/㎢=18.07 (rainfall (mm/hr))²-28.43 (rainfall (mm/hr)) + 74.38 Kg SS/㎢ =28.19 (rainfall (mm/hr))²-35.89 (rainfall (mm/hr)) + 53.67
성인간호학회지 논문(1989-2000)의 내용과 경향 분석
서문자,김소선,송미순,이명선,오의금,신경림,김옥수,이숙자,이영자,오효숙,정재심,김철규 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.4
"Journal of Korean Academy of Adult Nursing" has been published since 1989 and more than 330 articles have been published up 2000. We reviewed all the articles published in this journal to analyze the contents and trend of published articles and to find out the way of improvement both in quantity and quality of studies in this area. The results are as follows : 1) Ninety percent of articles were quantitative studies. Experimental design was used in 16.1% and quasi-experimental design was adapted in 73.6% of articles. Qualitative research were 10.3% of total articles reviewed. 2) Only 5.1% of articles described theoretical framework and 73.6% of experimentally designed articles included research hypotheses. 3) Among experimental studies, only one was true experimental studie design. Eighty nine point three persent had descriptive survey method among non-experimental studies. Amog the thirty four qualitative studies, phenomenologic(73.5%), grounded theory(14.7%), and ethnographic (11.8%) design were used. 4) Most of research subject were patients and few healthy people, healthcare worker, and patient family. 5) Psychosocial data collection method which used questionnaire were 53.7% and interview. physical measurement, observation were used in 22.8%. 8.2% 5.4% of articles respectively. 6) Total number of keywords were 692, and average number of key words per article was 2.2. Health-related keyword was the most frequently used according to four metaparadigm of nursing (human, health, nursing, and environment). Environment related keyword was rarely appeared. The number and quality of nursing research in "Journal of Korean Academy of Adult Nursing" have been improved continuously. It is difficult to find out special trend or characteristics which is unique in this journal because of relatively short history of adult nursing studies. This review study was performed to analyze adult nursing studies only in the view of quantitative aspect, but it is needed to analyse qualitatively to find philosophical or theoretical trend in nursing.
MIMO 송신기에서 결합한 되먹임 신호에 기반한 디지털 전치왜곡 기법
정의림(Eui-Rim Jeong) 한국통신학회 2012 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.37 No.12(융합기술)
본고에서는 MIMO 송신기에서 비선형 전력증폭기를 선형화하기 위한 디지털 전치왜곡 기법을 제안한다. 기존의 시스템에서는 각 전력증폭기에 한 개씩 되먹임 회로가 필요한 반면 본고에서 제안하는 전치왜곡 시스템은 전력증폭기 출력 신호를 모두 결합하여 한 개의 되먹임 회로만 가지는 특징이 있다. 따라서 기존 시스템에 비해 훨씬 간단한 구조를 가진다. 이러한 구조를 바탕으로 결합된 피드백 신호로부터 각 전력증폭기를 선형화하는 전치왜곡 알고리즘을 제안한다. 모의실험 결과에 의하면 제안된 방식은 각 전력증폭기에 하나씩 되먹임 회로를 구성한 기존 방식과 거의 동일한 선형화 특성을 보임을 확인하였다. An adaptive digital predistortion (PD) technique is proposed for linearization of power amplifiers (PAs) in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmitters. We consider a PD structure equipped with only one combined feedback path while conventional systems have multiple feedback paths. Hence, the proposed structure is much simpler than that of multiple feedback paths. Based on the structure, a new PD algorithm is derived. The simulation results show that linearization performance of the proposed method is almost the same as the conventional multiple feedback technique while the former is much simpler to implement than the latter.
Object-oriented Prototype Framework For Tightly Coupled GIS-based Hydrologic Modeling
Kang, Kwangmin,Rim, Chang-Soo,Yoon, Sei-eui 한국수자원학회 2012 한국수자원학회논문집 Vol.45 No.6
DEM(Digital Elevation Model) 크기의 변화에 따라 특정 지역에 많은 규격의 수문 데이터가 존재할 수 있기 때문에, 어느 지역, 어느 기상 데이터에도 작동할 수 있는 수문 모형의 개발이 절실히 필요하게 되었다. 이와 같은 필요성을 설명하기 위해서 객체지향(object-oriented)적인 프로그래밍 기술을 적용한 GHISMO(Geographic and Hydrologic Information System Modeling Objects)라는 수문모형(hydrologic model)을 개발하였다. GHISMO의 가장 핵심적인 수문학적 접근방법은 저류-배출(storage-release)과 지표면 유효 강수량을 구하기 위하여 SCS curve number 방법을 사용한 것이다. 이 연구에서 수문모형의 모의실험 결과를 제공할 것이다. With the availability of multi-scale hydrologic data in public domain depending on DEM size, there is a need for a modeling framework that is capable of using these data to simulate hydrologic processes at multiple scales for different topographic and climate conditions for distributed hydrologic model. To address this need, an object-oriented approach, called Geographic and Hydrologic Information System Modeling Objects (GHISMO), is developed. Main hydrologic approaches in GHISMO are storage-release for direct runoff and SCS curve number method for infiltration part. This paper presents conceptual and structural framework of storage-release concept including its application to two watersheds will be presented.
Lee, Hye-Rim,Hwang, Kyung-A,Park, Min-Ah,Yi, Bo-Rim,Jeung, Eui-Bae,Choi, Kyung-Chul UNKNOWN 2012 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE Vol.29 No.5
<P>Various endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous compounds found in the environment and have the potential to interfere with the endocrine system and hormonal regulation. Among EDCs, bisphenol?A (BPA) and 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-methoxyphenol)-ethane [methoxychlor (MXC)] have estrogenic activity resulting in a variety of dysfunctions in the E2-mediated response by binding to estrogen receptors (ERs), causing human health problems such as abnormal reproduction and carcinogenesis. In this study, we investigated the effects of BPA and MXC on cell proliferation facilitated by ER signaling in human breast cancer cells. MCF-7 cells are known to be ERα-positive and to be a highly E2-responsive cancer cell line; these cells are, therefore, a useful in?vitro model for detecting estrogenic activity in response to EDCs. We evaluated cancer cell proliferation following BPA and MXC treatment using an MTT assay. We analyzed alterations in the expression of genes associated with the cell cycle in MCF-7 cells by semi-quantitative reverse-transcription PCR following treatment with BPA or MXC compared to EtOH. To determine whether BPA and MXC stimulate cancer cell growth though ER signaling, we co-treated the cells with agonists (propyl pyrazoletriol, PPT; and diarylpropionitrile, DPN) or an antagonist (ICI 182,780) of ER signaling and reduced ERα gene expression via siRNA in MCF-7 cells before treatment with EDCs. These studies confirmed the carcinogenicity of EDCs in?vitro. As a result, BPA and MXC induced the cancer cell proliferation by the upregulation of genes that promote the cell cycle and the downregulation of anti-proliferative genes, especially ones affecting the G1/S transition via ERα signaling. These collective results confirm the carcinogenicity of these EDCs in?vitro. Further studies are required to determine whether EDCs promote carcinogenesis in?vivo.</P>