COVID-19 상황에서 온라인 비대면 수업에 대한 초등교사의 인식 - 과학교과를 중심으로 -

강유진 ( Kang¸ Eugene ),정도준 ( Jeong¸ Dojun ),박지훈 ( Park¸ Jihun ),김지나 ( Kim¸ Jina ),박종석 ( Park¸ Jongseok ),남정희 ( Nam¸ Jeonghee ) 한국초등과학교육학회 2021 초등과학교육 Vol.40 No.4

COVID-19 팬데믹의 위기는 전 세계적으로 교육 시스템에 큰 변화를 초래하였다. 우리나라에서도 COVID-19로 인한 사회적 거리두기 정책에 따라 갑작스럽게 비대면 수업으로 전환되었다. 준비 없는 비대면 수업으로 인해 초등학교 현장에서 발생하는 문제들로 볼 때 이와 관련된 연구가 필요한 상황이다. 본 연구는 초등교사가 인식하는 비대면 수업에서 과학교육의 목표와 방법, 과학탐구활동을 포함한 비대면 수업에서 발생한 문제와 초등교사의 대응, 비대면 수업 경험 후 비대면수업의 장단점과 교사의 역할에 대한 초등교사의 인식을 알아보고자 한다. 온라인 콘텐츠 활용 수업과 온라인 실시간 쌍방향 수업을 포함하는 온라인 비대면 수업을 시행한 초등교사를 대상으로 설문조사(153명)와 포커스 인터뷰(9명)를 실시하였다. 연구 결과에서 3가지 결론과 제안점을 도출하였다. 첫째, 초등교사들은 온라인 비대면 수업에서 비대면 방식에 따라 일방향 강의와 쌍방향 강의를 하였다. 온라인 비대면 수업에서 조사나 토론 등 강의 외의 수업방법을 활용하기 위해서는 교사들의 디지털 리터러시를 높일 필요가 있다. 둘째, 초등교사들은 비대면 수업에서 과학탐구활동의 어려움으로 현장 피드백의 어려움, 준비물 확보의 어려움, 안전 확보의 어려움을 인식하였다. 개인 실험을 위한 실험 꾸러미와 실험 영상을 제공하고 온라인에서 교사-학생, 학생-학생 간 협동적 논의와 피드백을 통해서 어려움을 극복할 수 있다. 셋째, 초등교사들은 비대면 수업의 장점으로 IT 기기를 사용하는 다양한 형태의 수업이 가능하고 개별화된 학습이 가능하다고 인식하였다. 단점으로는 탐구활동이나 협동학습과 같은 대면 기반 수업이 어렵고, 학생의 이해 정도를 알 수 없어서 피드백이 어려우며, 학생간의 상호작용이 어렵고, 학습 격차가 벌어진다고 인식하였다. The crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant changes in education systems worldwide, including in Korea. Due to COVID-19’s social distancing policies, the education system was suddenly switched to distance learning, resulting in many problems in primary schools without preparation. The purpose of this study was to investigate a teacher’s awareness of science education techniques, responses to issues in science classes, including inquiry activities, advantages and disadvantages, and roles after experiencing distance learning. Survey and focus interviews were conducted for primary school teachers who had previously participated in distance learning, such as online content classes and real-time interactive classes. The study findings showed three conclusions: 1) Primary school teachers conducted one-way and interactive lectures in online classes. It is vital to improve a teacher’s digital literacy to improve other teaching methods such as investigation and discussion in online classes. 2) Primary school teachers acknowledged the challenges of field feedback, inquiry item preparations, and safety in inquiry activities of science classes, by providing individual experimental packages and videos and using online discussion and feedback among teacher-student and student-student interactions. 3) Primary school teachers recognized that various types of classes using IT devices and individualized learning were possible as advantages of distance learning. As for disadvantages, it was acknowledged that inquiry activities, cooperative learning, immediate feedback, and interaction among students were challenging. Furthermore, learning gaps were wider in distance learning.

The Information Highway and Cable-Telephone Convergence in Canada

Eugene Lee(Eugene Lee) 한국캐나다학회 1996 Asia-Pacific Journal of Canadian Studies (APJCS) Vol.3 No.-

Making Friends with Communists: Canada's Diplomatic Relations with China, Cuba, and North Korea

Eugene Lee(Eugene Lee) 한국캐나다학회 1999 Asia-Pacific Journal of Canadian Studies (APJCS) Vol.5 No.-

Solitary bone and brain metastasis in a patient with papillary thyroid carcinoma mimicking cavernous angioma

( Eugene Han ),( Ye Yeon Lee ),( El Kim ),( Sun Young Kwon ),( Sang Pyo Kim ),( Hye Soon Kim ),( Mi Kyung Kim ) 대한내과학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.31 No.5

Identity Theft & the Demonic: Image Play & Repudiation in Coleridge

Eugene Narrett 한국영미문화학회 2010 영미문화 Vol.10 No.1

This essay is a chapter in a developing book, the Head of Orpheus: the West, the Image‐Cult and the Wasteland. The book examines a range of literature from Hesiod to the Romances of Chretien, Malory ,to 19th and 20th century literature and art to examine how the West is defined by its drive to idealize, ‘purify’ and re‐present itself in art, imagery and fictions. The West is an unstable hybrid of Hellenic and Hebraic sources jammed together by a declining Roman Empire from which a new religion drew its authority. To a great extent the West always has been a cult of aesthetics, a passion play that requires assertions of belief in fiction and that reflects the metamorphic play of passions in its Greek sources. Its fissionable dynamics and innumerable heresies play out the metamorphic Hellenism and fissional quality of the West’s hybrid character. In flight from the complex substrate of its cultural body, the West’s drive to define, know and present itself in images, as an “artifice of eternity” gives it an apocalyptic and elegiac tenor as its body is continually rejected, etherealized and grieved. The image project, also termed the Orphic project or image play is intrinsic to the West’s Hellenic matter and intensified by its efforts to bury or suppress its hybrid roots and foundational theft of Jewish land, code of life and identity. The core of this impulse to possession, displacement and transposition is a site of the demonic, of trauma and metamorphosis filled with ambiguity often represented as a nightmare or wasteland. The image‐project generally includes erotic trauma in working out its intensely dramatic transpositions of identity in complex narratives of transgression, ruin and estrangement. The brilliances of the image‐project are ironic; to the extent that identity and society become located in images, shadows, phantoms, spirit, dreams and ‘show’ its social forms tend toward sterility, fragmentation, disembodiment and collapse. It arises from a ‘Wasteland’ of elemental ambiguity and collapses back into it, a trajectory seen in pure form in the Arthurian romances or “the Pains of Sleep.” The supposed redemptive purity of the imagination, image or idealized cultural identity occasions and intensifies the corruption of the social ‘body.’ In what is often termed the split of sacred from secular, enchantment leads to disenchantment. This essay examines the intense ambivalence toward image‐play and the demonic in five major poems of Samuel Taylor Coleridge whose inner conflicts make him an epitome of the tensions in the West’s project of aesthetic self‐formation. Coleridge’s genius was strongly linked to the demonic, its traumatic metamorphoses and meta‐fictions, that is, its over‐determined tropes for image making. Transpositions of cultural sources, of gender, relationship and an emphasis on liminality mark these works as does the poet’s martyred feelings toward his “shaping spirit of Imagination” leading to his repudiation of the image‐project in its explicitly poetic form. Beyond its literary interest, this study of five of Coleridge’s great poems helps build a means to examine the goals, structure, aesthetic, cultural and even geopolitical imperatives of the West especially in the last two centuries and the foreseeable future.

Liminality & Transformative Drama in "Julian & Maddalo"

Eugene Narrett 한국영미문화학회 2010 영미문화 Vol.10 No.2

Written simultaneously with Prometheus Unbound, Shelley’s “Julian & Maddalo" is a masterwork of dramatic poiesis, of doubling embedded in its couplets, dialogic debate on human nature and contrasted symbolic emblems. The emblems mirror each other and are themselves sites of generative paradox: the “heaven illumined" but “dreary tower" of the Maniac and the glorious sunsets on the “ever-shifting sand" of the Lido, a wasteland that is a place of self discovery but also of “abandonment" and barren mingling figured, inter alia, in its “amphibious weeds," a trope of the poem’s personae. This essay also explores the poem’s dramatic structure and various rhetorical devices, beginning with the Preface, a threshold of complex identity disguise that Shelley uses for veiled self-presentation, as in “Alastor," mirroring and literary references replete with nuanced ironies. I focus mainly on the complex figures of liminality Shelley uses to develop his own thoughts (as well as his ongoing debates with Byron) about man’s potential for growth in thought, insight and empathy, in political reform and interpersonal and individual healing. Advancing Shelley’s most optimistic ideas, Julian, escorted by Maddalo observes the Maniac, -- a living ruin whose pained eloquence reveals the link of eros to poiesis and the limits of the latter’s ability to ‘transform a world.’ The Maniac is the core of muse-work (remembering, thinking and song) and Shelley presents him as its emblem. He also is prefigured in and reflects the quintessentially liminal Lido with its “barren embrace" of sea and land. Yet it is less the Maniac’s feeling that his grief is “charactered in vain…on this unfeeling leaf" than Julian’s rationales for leaving the site of pain that point to Shelley’s final comment on poetry’s transformative limits. As the primary haploids of the drama’s meiosis re-combine and two of them, Maddalo and the maniac fall away, an analogy I briefly develop and embedded in the erotic dynamics of poiesis, Shelley suggests, as he did at the beginning of his poetic lyricism in “Alastor" and at its end in “the Triumph of Life"that images mislead and delude; that “the deep truth is imageless" and redemption is not in but beyond figuration.

Basic steps for building and using a functional near infra-red spectroscopy (fNIRS) System

Eugene Jeong,Minseok Seo,Kyung-Soo Kim 제어로봇시스템학회 2020 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2020 No.10

Overconsolidation in Clay Soils: The Nature and Engineering Evaluation

( Eugene Voznesensky ) 대한지질공학회 2019 대한지질공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2019 No.2

Generally soils are considered overconsolidated if they are subjected to the lower overburden vertical effective stress than those acted earlier during their geological history and are called preconsolidation stresses. Their ratio to overburden pressure (OCR) is a measure of soil overconsolidation status. Thus, the main cause of overconsolidated state it the erosion of consolidated sediments, allowing the evaluation of eroded sediments' thickness basing on preconsolidation stress in case of a simple tectonic situation - change of sedimentation by denudation without considerable lateral stresses. In this model diagenetic consolidation of sediments is changed into unloading phase with partial void regain due to elastic soil properties. In other conditions analysis of denudation rate from soil overconsolidation parameterts is very unreliable. The presentation demonstrates that not OCR, determined mainly by the present depth of soil occurrence, but the maximum preconsolidation stress experienced by the soil, is the most important overconsolidation parameter influencing sufficiently its mechanical behavior. The proposed approach includes simple mathematic analysis of reloading and virgin compression stages from a single test, and it allows to determine maximum possible value of preconsolidation stress, whereas its true value could be lower due to soil structure alteration: cementation of particles and increase of elementary contacts surfaces during soil unloading. Experimental estimate of maximum preconsolidation stress is based on a noticeable increase in soil compressibility because of the failure of interparticles' bonds at the end of reloading stage - and this effect can be observed not only in one-dimensional compression but also in triaxial conditions.

Old-age Poverty and Old-age Income Security in Korea

( Eugene Yeo ) 한국보건사회연구원 2019 Research in Brief Vol.2019 No.8

Industrialization, the Developmental State in the 21st Century and International Trade : The Chinese State, Modernization of the Chinese Motor Vehicle Industry and the WTO

Eugene Kwadwo Boateng Mensah 전남대학교 법학연구소 2014 법학논총 Vol.34 No.2