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Features and Efficiency of Some Platinized TiO₂ Photocatalysts
Emilio, Carina A.,Testa, Juan J.,Hufschmidt, Dirk,Colo´n, Gerardo,Navio´, Jose´ A.,Bahnemann, Detlef W.,Litter, Marta I. 한국공업화학회 2004 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.10 No.1
Three commercial powdered photocatalysts, Degussa P25 (P25), Sachtleben Hombikat UVlOO (WlOO) and Millennium TiONA PC 50 (PC50) have been platinized to incorporate 0.5 and 1 wt.% Pt on the surface of the particles. The physicochemical properties (SBET, particle size, morphology of the particles, etc.) have been measured and compared among the samples. The photocatalytic efficiency has been tested with two environmentally important oligocarboxylic acids, EDTA and NTA (5 mM). No strong differences could be observed among the catalysts in the case of EDTA, and an inhibition was observed in all cases. A striking effect of platinization has been observed in the case of NTA degradation, with a change in the kinetics from zero order in the pure precursors to first order in the platinized samples. Pure and platinized HB samples were the best photocatalysts for NTA. An optimum Pt amount (0.5 wt.%) was observed for the photoefficiency of the samples. It can be concluded that the efficiency is more dependent on the nature of the substrate to be degraded than on the physicochemical properties of the samples
Analysis of the Condensate Carryover Phenomenon on Fin and Tube Evaporators
Emilio Navarro-Peris,Jose Miguel Corberan,Jose Gonzalvez,Miguel Zamora 대한설비공학회 2015 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.23 No.1
Possible carryover of the condensate from the surface of the evaporator has always been aproblem that in practice has been solved by limiting the air velocity. However, the need for morecompact solutions and especially for the reduction of the frontal area in many applicationsrequires the increase of the air velocity and therefore new solutions to overcome this problemmust be developed. In this contribution, the authors develop an analytical model to estimate theevolution of the condensing drops over the ¯n surface of a heat exchanger as a function of the ¯nsurface properties and air velocity. This model allows the estimation of the drop size when itstarts to move and its trajectory and evolution along the ¯n. The possibility of drops formingwater bridges in between the ¯ns is also analyzed with estimation of the minimum ¯n separationto avoid its formation depending on the air velocity and the wettability of the ¯n surface. Finally,the results of an experimental campaign performed with two ¯n and tube coils of exactly samedimensions and geometry but with di®erent ¯n materials: one with the standard aluminum ¯nand the other one with a specially outer hydrophilic layer, are presented, showing that this kindof coating avoids the condensate carryover with no appreciable penalty on the heat transferperformance.
5GCHAMPION – Disruptive 5G Technologies for Roll-Out in 2018
Emilio Calvanese Strinati,Markus Mueck,Antonio Clemente,김준형,노고산,정희상,김일규,최태상,김영진,정현규,Giuseppe Destino,Aarno Pärssinen,Nicolas Chuberre,Benoit Vautherin,Thibault Deleu,Mathieu Gineste,Aki Korvala 한국전자통신연구원 2018 ETRI Journal Vol.40 No.1
The 5GCHAMPION Europe–Korea collaborative project provides the first fully-integrated and operational 5G prototype in 2018, in conjunction with the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympic Games. The corresponding technological advances comprise both an evolution and optimization of existing technological solutions and disruptive new features, which substantially outpace previous generations of technology. In this article, we focus on a subset of three disruptive technological solutions developed and experimented on by 5GCHAMPION during the 2018 PyeongChang Olympic Games: high speed communications, direct satellite-user equipment communications, and post-sale evolution of wireless equipment through software reconfiguration. Evaluating effectiveness and performing trials for these key 5G features permit us to learn about the actual maturity of 5G technology prototyping and the potential of new 5G services for vertical markets and end user enhanced experience two years before the launch of large-scale 5G services.
Routing Protocols for VANETs: An Approach based on Genetic Algorithms
( Emilio C. G. Wille ),( Hermes I. Del Monego ),( Bruno V. Coutinho ),( Giovanna G. Basilio ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.2
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are self-configuring networks where the nodes are vehicles equipped with wireless communication technologies. In such networks, limitation of signal coverage and fast topology changes impose difficulties to the proper functioning of the routing protocols. Traditional Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) routing protocols lose their performance, when communicating between vehicles, compromising information exchange. Obviously, most applications critically rely on routing protocols. Thus, in this work, we propose a methodology for investigating the performance of well-established protocols for MANETs in the VANET arena and, at the same time, we introduce a routing protocol, called Genetic Network Protocol (G-NET). It is based in part on Dynamic Source Routing Protocol (DSR) and on the use of Genetic Algorithms (GAs) for maintenance and route optimization. As G-NET update routes periodically, this work investigates its performance compared to DSR and Ad Hoc on demand Distance Vector (AODV). For more realistic simulation of vehicle movement in urban environments, an analysis was performed by using the VanetMobiSim mobility generator and the Network Simulator (NS-3). Experiments were conducted with different number of vehicles and the results show that, despite the increased routing overhead with respect to DSR, G-NET is better than AODV and provides comparable data delivery rate to the other protocols in the analyzed scenarios.
Emilio Honey,Hojin Lee,In-Soo Suh 세계과학도시연합 2014 World Technopolis Review Vol.3 No.3
The current transportation regime is largely based on two alternatives: (1) fixed route public transit, and (2) private ownership of internal combustion engine (ICE) powered vehicles per households. This paper analyzes one possible transportation alternative, Micro Electric Vehicles or MEVs, and compares with the ICE vehicles in terms of social, economic and environmental benefits, especially emphasizing its environmental advantage over ICE vehicles for future sustainability. While some representative models of MEVs exist in a limited market capacity, but global technical standards are generally insufficient and non-homogenous across nations, which restricts the development of the proposed transportation sector. The focus of this paper is to analyze the characteristics and potential benefits of MEVs in economical and environmental perspectives, including development status and technical standards, with a particular focus in the E.U., the U.S., Japan, and Korea. Based on the data of analysis, this paper aims to derive and propose a cooperative and adaptive global policy framework designed to speed up adoption and expansion of the global MEV market, including passenger and utility vehicles. We propose MEV to be a new mobility segment in the global transportation market because of their advantage in environmental impact, sustainability, overall cost of ownership, and safety.
Protective immunity against Eimeria infection using dendritic cells or exosomes
Emilio del Cacho,Margarita Gallego,Hyun Soon Lillehoj 한국가금학회 2012 한국가금학회 심포지움 Vol.2012 No.5
Coccidiosis is a complex intestinal disease of major economic importance in chickens that is caused by multiple species of the protozoan, Eimeria. Conventional disease control methods have relied on prophylactic administration of drugs with anticoccidial activity, or on vaccination with live or attenuated parasites. However, alternative methods of disease mitigation are needed due to increasing government restrictions on the use of coccidiostats. An immunization strategy against Eimeria tenella infection was for the first time undertaken using parasite antigen(Ag)-loaded dendritic cells(DCs), or their derived exosomes, in the absence of free Ag. In a first clinical trial, chickens were immunized with E.tenella Ag-loaded DCs or exosomes and subsequently given a live parasite challenge infection to determine which immunization was most efficient in preventing disease. Immune parameters demonstrated that increased protective immunity against E.tenella infection was induced in chickens by immunization with Ag-loaded exosomes, compared with chickens immunized with Ag-loaded DCs or Ag alone. These findings led us to undertake a second clinical trial to evaluate Ag-loaded exososomes as potential vaccines against coccidiosis. Chickens were immunized with exosomes loaded with Ags from E.tenella, E.acervulina, and E.maxima. Subsequently, the animals were coinfected with oocysts from these three eimerian species. Cecal tonsils, Peyer's patches and spleens of immunized and infected chickens had increased numbers of cells secreting IL-16, IL-2, and IFN-γ, greater Ag-stimulated proliferative responses, and higher numbers of Ag-reactive IgG- and IgA-producing cells following in vitro stimulation with the Ags, compared with the non-immunized/non-infected and non-immunized/infected controls. In addition, immunized and infected chickens had increased body weight gains, reduced feed conversion ratios, diminished fecal oocyst shedding, lessened intestinal lesion scores, and reduced mortality compared with the non-immunized/infected controls. These results suggest that successful vaccination may be possible against avian coccidiosis using exosomes derived from DCs incubated with Ags isolated from Eimeria species.
Emilio Audasso,김윤도,차준영,Viviana Cigolotti,정환수,조영석,김용민,최선희,윤성필,남석우,손현태 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.8
The catalytic activity of the Rh-exsolved Sr0.92Y0.08Ti2O3 perovskite catalyst (SYTRh5) was examined for dry reforming of methane. The exsolution of the Rh nanoparticles over the SYT perovskite oxide surface was carried out under various reducing environments where the extent of Rh exsolution was significantly determined by the reduction time (4, 12, 24 h) and temperature (800, 900, 1,000 oC). STYRh5 catalysts treated at a longer reduction time and a higher reduction temperature revealed formation of larger metallic Rh nanoparticles on the perovskite oxide with higher surface concentration. For dry reforming activity, the SYTRh5 catalysts reduced at 900 and 1,000 oC for 24 h showed significantly higher methane conversion compared to others. The high catalytic performance of the SYTRh5 (900 and 1,000 oC, 24 h) catalysts was attributed to the high coke-resistance of the larger Rh-exsolved nanoparticles and stronger anchoring sites resulted from the exsolution process. Post-analysis TEM images exhibited limited carbon deposition and particle agglomeration of Rh over the SYTRh5 (900 and 1,000 oC, 24 h) catalysts. Lastly, in-situ H2S poisoning was conducted to examine the regeneration ability of SYTRh5. Although catalyst deactivation was observed, the catalytic activity of SYTRh5 (900 and 1,000 oC, 24 h) was completely recovered to the original level once the H2S flow was interrupted, indicating facile desorption of sulfur species from the Rh-exsolved nanoparticles.