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Retinopathy of Prematurity-assist: Novel Software for Detecting Plus Disease
Elias Khalili Pour,Hamidreza Pourreza,Kambiz Ameli Zamani,Alireza Mahmoudi,Arash Mir Mohammad Sadeghi,Mahla Shadravan,Reza Karkhaneh,Ramak Rouhi Pour,Mohammad Riazi Esfahani 대한안과학회 2017 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.31 No.6
Purpose: To design software with a novel algorithm, which analyzes the tortuosity and vascular dilatation infundal images of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) patients with an acceptable accuracy for detecting plus disease. Methods: Eighty-seven well-focused fundal images taken with RetCam were classified to three groups of plus,non-plus, and pre-plus by agreement between three ROP experts. Automated algorithms in this study weredesigned based on two methods: the curvature measure and distance transform for assessment of tortuosityand vascular dilatation, respectively as two major parameters of plus disease detection. Results: Thirty-eight plus, 12 pre-plus, and 37 non-plus images, which were classified by three experts, weretested by an automated algorithm and software evaluated the correct grouping of images in comparison toexpert voting with three different classifiers, k-nearest neighbor, support vector machine and multilayer perceptronnetwork. The plus, pre-plus, and non-plus images were analyzed with 72.3%, 83.7%, and 84.4%accuracy, respectively. Conclusions: The new automated algorithm used in this pilot scheme for diagnosis and screening of patientswith plus ROP has acceptable accuracy. With more improvements, it may become particularly useful, especiallyin centers without a skilled person in the ROP field.
Financial Burden of Cancer Drug Treatment in Lebanon
Elias, Fadia,Khuri, Fadlo R,Adib, Salim M,Karam, Rita,Harb, Hilda,Awar, May,Zalloua, Pierre,Ammar, Walid Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.7
Background: The Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) in Lebanon provides cancer drugs free of charge for uninsured patients who account for more than half the total case-load. Other categories of cancer care are subsidized under more stringent eligibility criteria. MOPH's large database offers an excellent opportunity to analyze the cost of cancer treatment in Lebanon. Materials and Methods: Using utilization and spending data accumulated at MOPH during 2008-2013, the cost to the public budget of cancer drugs was assessed per case and per drug type. Results: The average annual cost of cancer drugs was 6,475$ per patient. Total cancer drug costs were highest for breast cancer, followed by chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), colorectal cancer, lung cancer, and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), which together represented 74% of total MOPH cancer drug expenditure. The annual average cancer drug cost per case was highest for CML ($31,037), followed by NHL ($11,566). Trastuzumab represented 26% and Imatinib 15% of total MOPH cancer drug expenditure over six years. Conclusions: Sustained increase in cancer drug cost threatens the sustainability of MOPH coverage, so crucial for socially vulnerable citizens. To enhance the bargaining position with pharmaceutical firms for drug cost containment in a small market like Lebanon, drug price comparisons with neighboring countries which have already obtained lower prices may succeed in lowering drug costs.
Elias Shokati Asl,Mehran Sabahi 대한전기학회 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.3
In this paper, a bidirectional topology for quasi-Cuk dc/dc converter with capability of zero-voltage and zero-current-switching (ZVZCS) is proposed. The bidirectional quasi-Cuk (BQ-Cuk) converter has different voltage and current transfer ratio, reduced voltage stress on capacitor and capability of changing the output polarity in comparison with conventional bidirectional Cuk converter. In this paper, steady-state analysis of the quasi-Cuk converter with capability of ZVZCS in turn-on is presented. Then, critical inductances for transient from this operation to two new operations are calculated. Next, besides values designing of used elements, maximum and minimum value of their current and voltage are calculated. Finally, experimental results to verify the accuracy of the proposed converter in different operating modes are presented.
Elias Towe,D Pal,L L. Chen 한국물리학회 2003 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.42 No.III
This paper addresses two issues in the use of quantum dots in the active regions of optoelectronic devices. The first issue is the observed blue-shift of the emission wavelength of structures that are otherwise characterized to be suitable for laser action at the long wavelength of 1.3 $\mu$m. Because of subsequent heating of the quantum-dot layers at much higher temperatures than they were originally synthesized at, the emission wavelength of the dots is changed. The second issue relates to the requirement for absorbing carriers in the active region of mid-infrared detectors. Introduction of these carriers by impurity doping may not necessarily be the best approach since it is difficult to precisely incorporate just the right density of dopant impurity atoms. An alternative approach that utilizes carrier injection from the device ohmic contact layers is suggested.
Elias Sanidas,Yousun Shin 서울대학교 경제연구소 2011 Seoul journal of economics Vol.24 No.1
The aim of this study is to use two main revealed comparative advantage (RCA) indices (Balassa's and the most recent "normalized" indices) and various quantitative techniques in order to systemically and rigorously draw some conclusions as to comparative advantage (CA) of the three East Asian countries. We use both HS 2-digit and 4-digit data to see how the three countries perform in RCA from 1995 to 2008. Overall, we find that there still exists a strict hierarchy in terms of CA in the three East Asian countries, although there is also a catching up process between them with a convergence towards a more competitive structure of RCA in exports. This mainly means that Japan and Korea are already in the process of converging towards the RCA neutral point (thus sectors that had RCA in 1995 get worse and sectors that did not have RCA in 1995 get better). However, China's position is still different from that of the other two countries (overall it might still be in the process of divergence).