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박물 스래브 주조시 주편두께가 조직 및 기계적 성질에 미치는 영향
유선준,Pleschiutschnigg, F P,Gammal, T El 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1994 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.32 No.5
With a specially designed water-cooled mold, casting thickness could be varied between 40 and 80㎜. With the decrease of casting thickness the secondary dendrite arm spacing was reduced and the ferrite grain size, after γ->α phase transformation, was reduced. In addition, the casting thickness has no influence on mechanical properties and ferrite grain size after hot rolling with the different total reduction in the range of 0.7∼1.4 in the process of roughing mill. So it is possible, in contrast to conventional casting and rolling, the strand thickness could be reduced during the casting stage instead of hot rolling process without the inferiority in mechanical properties.
유선준,Pleschiutschnigg, F P,Gammal, T El 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1993 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.31 No.11
Among the processes of thin slab casting, cast-rolling technique has been developed, which permits the reduction of slab thickness during solidification. To simulate this process, a water-cooled mold with a inclined side-wall is designed. This side-wall can be made vertical by means of a hydraulic press during solidification. This procedure makes it possible to bring the effect of cast-pressing to cast slab during solidification. With cast-pressing, the center crack and macrosegregation due to bulging are eliminated at half-height of cast slab. Cast-pressing leads to a considerable area of equiaxed structure in the top half of the cast slab. The ferrite grain size, after γ→α phase transformation, is reduced by cast-pressing. However, after hot rolling with two passes, the effect of cast-pressing on the tensile properties and ferrite grain size does not exist any more, probably because of longer soaking time and recrystallization during hot rolling.
Ali Khadra Mohamed,El Gammal Eid Rizk,Eladl Hadaya Mosaad 대한재활의학회 2021 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.45 No.2
Objective To investigate the effect of aqua therapy resistance exercise on arm volume, pain, and shoulder range of movements in post-mastectomy lymphedema. Methods This was a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Fifty eligible breast cancer survivors (median, 10 years after surgery) with lymphedema (median, 21% inter-limb difference) were assigned randomly to group A (n=25) or control group B (n=25). The study group underwent 60 minutes of aqua therapy exercise comprising of warm-up for 10 minutes, 40 minutes of strengthening exercises, and 10 minutes of cooling down, three times a week for 8 weeks. The control group underwent 60 minutes of land-based exercise three times a week for 8 weeks. Arm volume calculated by measuring the arm circumference, shoulder flexion, and abduction range of motion (ROM), and pain using a visual analog scale (VAS) were assessed at baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment. Results There was a statistically significant difference in limb volume, shoulder flexion and abduction ROM, and VAS scores in favor of the study group (p<0.001) after 8 weeks of intervention. The mean±standard deviation for limb volume, shoulder flexion, abduction, and pain score were 2,108.71±200.97 mL, 169.68°±4.54°, 150.44°±3.92°, and 3.16±1.1 in the study group and 2,256.41±186.94 mL, 147.36°±5.32°, 131.32°±4.38°, and 5.68±0.94 in the control group, respectively. Conclusion Adding aqua therapy resistance exercise to routine physical therapy might be more effective in decreasing the limb volume and pain intensity and improving ROM of the shoulder in postmastectomy lymphedema.
Ebid, Gamal T.,Sedhom, Iman A.,El-Gammal, Mosaad M.,Moneer, Manar M. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.9
Background: The P53 tumor suppressor gene plays a pivotal role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by preventing the propagation of genome mutations. P53 in its transcriptionally active form is capable of activating distinct target genes that contribute to either apoptosis or growth arrest, like P21. However, the MDM2 gene is a major negative regulator of P53. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in codon Arg72Pro of P53 results in impairment of the tumor suppressor activity of the gene. A similar effect is caused by a SNP in codon 31 of P21. In contrast, a SNP in position 309 of MDM2 results in increased expression due to substitution of thymine by guanine. All three polymorphisms have been associated with increased risk of tumorigenesis. Aim of the study: We aimed to study the prevalence of SNPs in the P53 pathway involving the three genes, P53, P21 and MDM2, among acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and to compare it to apparently normal healthy controls for assessment of impact on risk. Results: We found that the P21 ser31arg heterozygous polymorphism increases the risk of AML (P value=0.017, OR=2.946, 95% CI=1.216-7.134). Although the MDM2 309G allele was itself without affect, it showed a synergistic effect with P21 ser/arg polymorphism (P value=0.003, OR=6.807, 95% CI=1.909-24.629). However, the MDM2 309T allele abolish risk effect of the P21 polymorphic allele (P value=0.71). There is no significant association of P53 arg72pro polymorphism on the risk of AML. Conclusion: We suggest that SNPs in the P53 pathway, especially the P21 ser31arg polymorphism and combined polymorphisms especially the P21/MDM2 might be genetic susceptibility factors in the pathogenesis of AML.
Waiel Al-Kahiry,Hadeel Said Tawfik,Homam Sharshira,Amal Ghanem,Maha El-Gammal,Irene Lewis Mikhael 대한혈액학회 2018 Blood Research Vol.53 No.3
Background This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of smudge cell percentage as a surrogate marker for zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70 (ZAP-70) expression in chronic lym-phocytic leukemia (CLL) patients. Methods Sixty three newly diagnosed CLL patients were investigated at the Hematology Department of the Medical Research Institute of Alexandria University with complete blood count, lactate dehydrogenase, 2 microglobulin levels, ZAP-70 expression, and es-timation of the percentage of smudge cells. Results The percentage of smudge cells ranged from 2 to 58% with a mean of 24.03±13.98%.Higher percentages of smudge cells (>30%) were statistically significantly associated with markers of better prognosis (negative ZAP-70, early-stage disease according to the Binet and Rai staging systems, as well as low and intermediate risk CLL prognostic index). The percentage of smudge cells showed significantly negative correlation with the ZAP-70 expression and higher area under the curve for prediction of ZAP-70 positivity with better survival for 36 months in patients with >30% smudge cells. Conclusion The percentage of smudge cells at presentation of newly diagnosed CLL patients could be used as a surrogate marker for ZAP-70 expression and an additional prognostic marker for disease progression.
Waiel Al-Kahiry,Hadeel Said Tawfik,Homam Sharshira,Amal Ghanem,Maha El-Gammal,Irene Lewis Mikhael 대한혈액학회 2018 Blood Research Vol.53 No.3
Background This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of smudge cell percentage as a surrogate marker for zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70 (ZAP-70) expression in chronic lym-phocytic leukemia (CLL) patients. Methods Sixty three newly diagnosed CLL patients were investigated at the Hematology Department of the Medical Research Institute of Alexandria University with complete blood count, lactate dehydrogenase, 2 microglobulin levels, ZAP-70 expression, and es-timation of the percentage of smudge cells. Results The percentage of smudge cells ranged from 2 to 58% with a mean of 24.03±13.98%.Higher percentages of smudge cells (>30%) were statistically significantly associated with markers of better prognosis (negative ZAP-70, early-stage disease according to the Binet and Rai staging systems, as well as low and intermediate risk CLL prognostic index). The percentage of smudge cells showed significantly negative correlation with the ZAP-70 expression and higher area under the curve for prediction of ZAP-70 positivity with better survival for 36 months in patients with >30% smudge cells. Conclusion The percentage of smudge cells at presentation of newly diagnosed CLL patients could be used as a surrogate marker for ZAP-70 expression and an additional prognostic marker for disease progression.