Environmental effects of ozone depletion and its interactions with climate change: Progress report, 2008

United Nations Environment Programme, Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, United Nations Environment Programme, Environmental Effects Assessment Panel Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.1

After the enthusiastic celebration of the $20^{th}$ Anniversary of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer in 2007, the work for the protection of the ozone layer continues. The Environmental Effects Assessment Panel is one of the three expert panels within the Montreal Protocol. This "EEAP" deals with the increase of the UV irradiance on the Earth's surface and its effects on human health, animals, plants, biogeochemistry, air quality and materials. For the past few years, interactions of ozone depletion with climate change have also been considered. It has become clear that the environmental problems will be long-lasting. In spite of the fact that the worldwide production of ozone depleting chemicals has already been reduced by 95%, the environmental disturbances are expected to persist for about the next half a century, even if the protective work is actively continued, and completed. The latest full report was published in Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2007, 6, 201-332, and the last progress report in Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2008, 7, 15-27. The next full report on environmental effects is scheduled for the year 2010. The present progress report 2008 is one of the short interim reports, appearing annually.

집단미술치료가 경도 지적장애 학생의 자기표현에 미치는 효과

The Effects of a Group Art Therapy about Mild Mentally Retarded student Self Expression 조선대학교 조형미술연구소 2009 조형미술논문집 Vol.9 No.2

This study purpose to check the effects, if any, a group art therapy on self-expression of mentally retarded student. Study subjects are 2 male students and 1 female student, who were receiving integrated education in K elementary school in G city, and who marked IQ58~69, SA7.42~9.50 and SQ82~98 in KEDI-WISC. They were offered with total 28 sessions of art therapy, two times a week during the period of April through July, 2006. Research instruments are measurements of self-expression. For data analysis, change in acquired points is recorded through the sessions as self-expression and behavior observation measurements. To check if the data collected have any significance, individual points are compared. The study results are as follows. A group art therapy shows positive effects to help mentally retarded adolescents improve self-expression. Before the therapy, they used only a few words doing basic communication such as 'greetings' and 'answering'. As the session go by , however, they express more autonomous communication, such as 'explaining', 'telling opinions about things and behaviors', and draw some discussions such as 'waiting for turns to talk'. These result show that a group art therapy proves to be effective in enhancing self-expression and peer relations of mentally retarded student, by providing them with various art media and chance to work with others in which they can make their desires satisfied, self expression improved, and try to understand and accept feelings of other group members while interacting with them. Keywords 집단미술치료, 경도 지적장애아, 자기표현

Effect of Sips Sorption Isotherm on Contaminant Transport Mechanism in Fractured Porous Media

Effect of Sips Sorption Isotherm on Contaminant Transport Mechanism,G. Suresh Kumara 대한토목학회 2016 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.20 No.5

A numerical model has been developed in this study for analysing the influence of Sips sorption isotherm on the contaminant transport mechanism in a coupled fracture matrix system. The implicit finite difference numerical technique has been used to solve the coupled non-linear governing equations. A varying grid is adopted at the fracture and rock matrix interface to capture the mass transfer at the interface. A constant continuous source of contaminants is assumed at the inlet of the fracture and the fracture is assumed to be saturated. Results suggest that the magnitude of the Sip’s equilibrium constant in the fracture is extremely sensitive in deciding the resultant transport behaviour within the high permeable fracture. The magnitude of the Sip’s model exponent within the high permeable fracture is highly sensitive in deciding the timing of zero concentration (exhaustion) within the high permeable fracture.

윗등뼈 도수치료가 전방머리자세를 지닌 만성 여성 목통증 환자에게 미치는 영향

Effect of Upper Thoracic Manipulation on women Chronic Neck pain patients with Forward head posture 대한치료과학회 2014 대한치료과학회지 Vol.6 No.2

Objective: This study seeks to establish the benefits of Upper Thoracic Manipulation on chronic neck pain patients with forward head posture by examining positive changes in their degree of neck pain, physical functioning, posture, pulmonary function and chest mobility. Method: 30 women with chronic neck pain patients with forward head posture who were receiving physical therapy in H hospital were divided into a Upper Thoracjc Manipulation Group(TMG) and a Upper Thoracic self Exercise Group(TEG). One group was treated by upper thoracjc manipulation and the other group by upper thoracic self exercise 3 times a week for 8 weeks. Evaluation were made on Visual Analogue Scale(VAS), Neck Dysfunction Index(NDI), Cranio Vertebral Angle(CVA), Pulmonary Function(PF) and Chest Expansion(CE). Repeated measure ANOVA was used to compare the evaluations of results before the experiment, results after 4 weeks, and results after 8 weeks. ANCOVA was used to compare between the groups. Results: In VAS, NDI, CVA, PF and CE both TMG and TEG showed weekly differences(p<.05). TMG showed more reduction in VAS, NDI more increase in CVA, PF and CE. Conclusion: In this study it showed that TMG is more effective than TEG on chronic neck pain patients with forward head posture in VAS, NDI, CVA, PF and CE.

Effect of Ovary Transport Temperature on Survivability and Maturation Rate of Canine Oocytes

Effect of Ovary 한국발생생물학회 2003 한국발생생물학회 학술발표대회 Vol.2003 No.1

This study examined the viability of canine oocytes following storage at 4 or for 5 hrs. The ovaries were collected from domestic dog following ovariohysterectomy at a local veterinary clinics and transported to laboratory In two different transport temperature at 4 or within 5 hrs. The cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were recovered after slicing with blade. In Exp. 1, the oocytes collected were matured in DMEM supplemented with l0% FBS, 0.6 mM/mlcysteine, 0.2 mM Pyruvic acid, 20 ng/ml and 1 rbST at humidified atmosphere containing 5% for 24 or 48 hrs to analysis of survivability. In Exp 2, to assess nuclear development at group, the oocytes were matured in maturation medium for 24, 48 or 96 hrs. Survivability was judged by a morphological appearance and PI staining. Survivability rates were analyzed by General Linear Models procedure in SAS. The survival rates at ovary transport group showed significantly lower than at group (0 vs 72.9% in 48 hrs and 13.2 vs 77 8% in 24 hrs; P<0.05). The nuclear development of oocytes to MI to MII stages at 24, 48 and 96 hrs was 8.3% (6/72), 8.9% (9/101), and 9.5% (8/84). These results showed that the canine oocytes were remarkably sensitive to a low temperature and did not increase nuclear development rate depend on maturation time to 96 hrs.

담배의 煙凝縮物이 白鼠口腔粘液에 미치는 影響에 關한 實驗的 硏究

呂寅行 최신의학사 1975 最新醫學 Vol.18 No.12

航空需要豫測模型의 硏究 : 過少供給과 物價上昇이 需要에 미치는 影響

Insufficient Supply and Inflationary Effects on Consumer 한국항공대학교 1987 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

過少供給 또는 超過數要의 狀態에서 航空需要와 所得과의 相關關係는 대단히 높았으며, 供給과 需要가 一般的 均衡인 狀態때의 需要의 彈力性보다 훨씬 높았다. 物價가 一時的으로 引上되거나 微小하게 引上되는 경우에는 物價의 引上에 따르는 需要의 變動은 負의 符號를 나타내지만, 持續的으로 引上되고 또 大幅的으로 增加하는 경우에는 需要와 正의 相關關係를 갖는다. 왜냐하면, 消費者는 消費支出을 크게 하며, 따라서 航空旅行需要도 커진다. 또 다른 原因은 名目所得이 커짐으로써, 實質所得의 增加에 따른 需要增加보다 훨씬 더 크게 增加한다. 이러한 關係는 아래의 美國人韓國行航空需要豫測의 模型式에서와 같다. 需要=-12.925538+0.089017(貿易額)-0.360202(運賃)+6.393947(消費者物價)-0.189782(換率)+6.124446(不變人當國民總生産額) 윗式에서 右側의 貿易額, 消費者物價, 總生産額은 3次多項回歸分析으로 그 값을 調整하였다. When the prices are creeping and hop once, the consumers tend to refrain from their loose expenditures and, therefore, their relative coefficient of price to the consumption has negative sign. When the prices are opiralling consistently or hopping always, consumers tend to draw their savings out of the bank accounts to maximize their current utility of money, in addition to the current income, and such a coefficient has positive sign consequently. During this period of the positive sign, if the price inflates the small increase of real income to the big increase of nominal income, the consumers would be in the money illusion and they expend more than they could. This theme inquires into the assenter airlift demand forecasting model in case of the consumers with the nationality of the United States who arrived Korea from 1970 to 1986 and has a result : Demand of the passenger airlift=-12.925538+0.089017(Amount of trade)-0.360202(IATA normal fare)+6.393947(Consumer price index)-0.189782(Exchange rate)+6.124446(Real GNP per capita) It is taken to make the corresponding curves of demand, trade price, and GNP smooth with the equations of the 3rd. degree polynomial regression.

30년 전쟁과 종교개혁에 미친 영향

유창형 칼빈대학교 2017 칼빈論壇 Vol.- No.37

Epidemiology in Aging : Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Korean Exceptional Longevity Population

권인순 ( In Soon Kwon ),( Cheol Ho Kim ),( Han Seok Ko ),( Sung Il Cho ),( Yun Ho Choi ),( Sang Chul Park ) 한국지질동맥경화학회(구 한국지질학회) 2008 한국지질동맥경화학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2008 No.-