피조개, Scapharca broughtonii의 대사에 미치는 부니의 영향

정의영,신윤경,이주하 한국패류학회 1994 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.10 No.1

노래미, Agrammus agrammus (Temminck et Schlegel)의 生殖周期에 關한 硏究

鄭義泳,李澤烈 釜山水産大學校 1985 釜山水産大學 硏究報告 Vol.25 No.1

1981年 7月부터 1984年 8月까지 釜山市 海雲臺 동백섬의 潮間帶에서 채집된 노래미, Agrammus agrammus를 對象으로 生殖周期를 파악하기 爲하여 生殖巢發達過程 및 生殖周期를 光學 및 電子顯微鏡的 方法에 의해 調査하였다. 卵巢는 많은 卵巢小囊으로 構成된 1雙의 囊狀形 構造를 이루고 있고, 이들 卵巢小囊上皮에서 卵原細胞가 分裂增殖되고 있다. 初期卵母細胞는 細胞質이 好鹽基性이며 核膜을 따라 分散仁을 가지고 있다. 初期成長中인 卵母細胞의 細胞質속에는 核膜 근처에서 미토콘드리아 rosette가 나타나고 있는데 이것은 미토콘드리아의 增殖과 關係가 있는 것으로 생각된다. 周邊仁期와 卵黃胞期의 卵母細胞들의 細胞質에서는 1개의 卵黃核이 識別된다. 卵黃顆粒이 活潑하게 蓄積되고 있는 卵母細胞의 微細絨毛層에서 卵黃前驅物質로 생각되는 蛋白質顆粒을 내포한 飮細胞囊이 多數 觀察된다. 卵母細胞의 직경이 약 900㎛에 이르면 核이 動物極으로 移動되면서 核膜이 消失되고 大部分의 細胞質은 卵黃과 油球에 의해 충만된다. 排卵後 卵巢小囊內에 殘存하는 濾胞들과 成長中인 卵母細胞들은 退化 吸收되나 아직 濾胞가 形成되지 않은 初期卵母細胞들은 退化되지 않고 이듬해 卵巢活性과 함께 成長되어 간다. 精巢는 左右 1雙의 葉狀構造를 가지며 後方에서 合一되어 貯精囊을 이룬다. 精巢의 皮質層은 精子形成이 일어나는 精巢小葉으로 構成되어 있고 髓質層은 이들 小葉과 연결된 여러 갈래의 輸精管이 分布한다. 成長中인 精巢小葉의 間質內에는 스테로이드 호르몬分泌細胞가 識別되며 이들 細胞質에는 多數의 小胞體들과 잘 發達된 小管狀의 크리스테를 포함한 대형 미토콘드리아들이 分布되어 있다. 精子의 축사는 核의 中心腔속에 깊이 陷入되며, 頭部는 U字形을 이루고 尖體는 찾아볼 수 없다. 生殖年周期는 7月부터 8月까지 成長期, 9月에서 10月까지 成熟期, 11月에서 12月까지 完熟 및 産卵期, 그리고 그 이듬해인 1月부터 6月까지 回復 및 休止期등 連續的인 周期로 區分할 수 있었고 産卵盛期는 11月이었다. The reproductive cycle of greenling, Agrammus agrammus, was histologically investigated on the gonadal development under photo-and electron microscopy. The materials were monthly collected at the coastal area of Tongbaeksom, Pusan, Korea, from July 1981 to August 1984. The ovary consisted of a pair of sacular structure with many ovarian sacs. Oogonia proliferated along the germinal epithelium of the ovarian sac. Young oocytes with basophilic cytoplasm showed several nucleoli along the nuclear membrane. Mitochondrial rosettes were seen near the nuclear membrane in the cytoplasm of the early growing oocyte. It appeared to concern with proliferation of mitochonddria. A yolk-nucleus is recognized in the cytoplasm of oocyte at peri-nucleolus stage and yolk vesicle stage. In a layer of microvilli of oocyte with active yolk duplication, many pinocytotic vesicles containing protein granules regarded as yolk precursors were observed. When the oocytes reached about 900 ㎛ in diameter, nucleus migrated toward the animal pole, nuclear membrane disappeared and most of cytoplasms were filled with yolk materials and oil drops. After ovulation, residual follicles and growing oocyte remaining in the ovarian scars degenerated. But young oocytes without follicle layer were not degenerated, and growing continuously still in the next year. Testis consisting of a pair of lobular structures in the right and left were united in the posterior seminal vesicle. Cortex of testis was composed of several testicular lobuli and medulla was composed of many sperm ducts connected with lobuli. Steroid hormone-secreting cells were recognized in the interstitial cells of the growing testis. In the cytoplasm of steroid hormone-secreting cells, numerous endoplasmic reticula and large mitochondria with well developed tubular cristae were distributed. Axial filament of spermatozoon invaginated deeply in the central cavity of the nucleus and the head formed U-shape. No acrosome was recognizable in this species. The annual reproductive cycle consisted of the following successive stages : growing from July to August, mature from September to October, ripe and spawning from November to December with peak spawning in November, recovery and resting from January to June.

수중액중의 중금속에 대한 녹차의 흡착성질

권이열,김미경,이동섭,홍순영,전혜옥 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1992 環境科學論文集 Vol.13 No.-

본 연구는 수용액중의 중금속에 대하여 녹차를 이용하여 흡착능을 고찰하였다. 실험에 사용된 녹차는 시판되는 "태평양화학 설록차(2번차)"를 40∼60mesh로 만들어 사용하였다. 각 중금속이온을 함유한 시료용액에 녹차를 첨가하여 흔든 다음, 원심분리해서 상등액중의 각 이온농도를 원자흡광광도계로 측정했다. 그 결과, 각 조건에서 녹차에 의한 중금속의 최대흡착율은 Cu(Ⅱ)는 65∼78%, Cd(Ⅱ)는 78∼82%, Pb(Ⅱ)는 82∼92%였으며, 반응초기 10분간에 최대흡착율의 90%가 일어났다. The adsorptivities of the green-tea particles on Pb(Ⅱ), Cd(Ⅱ) and Cu(Ⅱ) ions were examined by measurements of the adsorption percentage under various conditions, and the method to collect and remove the metallic ion in aqueous solutions were described. Each of 100ml sample solution of Pb(Ⅱ),Cd(Ⅱ) and Cu(Ⅱ) ions mixed with 2g of the green-tea under stirring for minutes. The solutions were then centrifuged, and the concentrations of Pb(Ⅱ), Cd(Ⅱ), and Cu(Ⅱ) ions in the supernatant solution were determined by the atomic absorption spectrometer. As the results, the adsorption equilibrium of Pb(Ⅱ), Cd(Ⅱ) and Cu(Ⅱ) ions were reached to equilibrium by shaking for about 30∼40minutes. Then adsorptivities were 84%, 79% and 65% respectively.

쥐노래미 Hexagrammos otakii의 난소 발달단계에 따른 간세포의 활성변화

정의영,강희웅,이근우 한국어류학회 2002 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.14 No.2

암컷 쥐노래미(Hexagrammos otakii)의 생식소중량지수(GSI)는 9월에 증가되기 시작하여 11월에 최대에 도달하였다. 쥐노래미의 생식주기는 연속적인 5단계로 나눌 수 있었다: 성장전기(7월), 성장후기(7~8월), 성숙기(9~10월), 완숙 및 산란기(9~12월), 회복 및 휴지기(12~6월). 간중량지수(HSI)의 월변화는 GSI변화와 유사한 경향을 보였다. 성장전기에 다량의 지방적과 글리코겐 입자들이 간세포내에 존재하였다. 특히, 이 시기에 간세포는 헤마톡실린에 약하게 염색되었다. 성장후기부터 성숙기에 간세포의 크기는 증대되었으며 간세포질내 글리코겐과 지방적들의 양은 감소된 반면, 호염기성 물질 축적이 증가하였다. 산란기부터 회복 및 휴지기에는 간세포내에 호염기성 물질 축적이 감소된 반면, 다량의 지방적과 글리코겐입자가 축적되었다. 간세포내의 총단백질, 총지질 및 글리코겐함량(%)의 최대값은 각각 9월(성숙기), 7월(성장전기), 3월(휴지기)에 나타났다. The GSI in the female greenling Hexagrammos otakii, began to increase in September and reached a maximum in November. The reproductive cycle of the greenling can be divided into five successive stage: early-growing stage(July), late- growing stage(July to August), mature stage(September to October), ripe-and-spent stages(September to December), and recovery-and-resting stages(December to June). Monthly changes in the HSI showed a similar pattern with those of the GSI. In the early- growing stage, a lot of lipid droplets, and glycogen particles were present in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. Especially, the cytoplasm of hepatocytes were weakly stained with hematoxylin. In the late- growing to mature stage, hepatocytes became large, and the amount of glycogen and lipid droplets in hepatocytes gradually decreased, while basophilic substance increased. In the spawning to recovery-and-resting stages, basophilic substances decreased in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. However, lots of lipid droplets and glycogen were stored in the hepatocytes. The maxium total protein, lipid and glycogen contents(%) in the hepatocytes appeared in September(mature stage), July(early-growing stage) and March(resting stage), respectively.

노래미, Agrammus agrammus (Temminck et Schlegel)의 性成熟에 따른 GTH 細胞의 活性에 關한 硏究

鄭義泳,李澤烈 釜山水産大學校 1985 釜山水産大學 硏究報告 Vol.25 No.2

1981年 7月부터 1984年 8月까지 釜山市 海雲臺 동백섬의 조간대에서 채집된 노래미, Agrammus agrammus를 對象으로 性成熟에 따른 腦下垂體의 gonadotroph(GTH 細胞)들의 活性變化를 光學 및 電子顯微鏡的 方法에 의해 調査하였다. 生殖巢 生長 成熟에 따라 腦下垂體의 GTH細胞의 活性과 分布面積이 擴大되고 있으나 일단 完熟된 後 排卵前의 個體들은 GTH 細胞들의 活性이 점차로 減少되고 그 分布 面積이 줄어든다. GTH 細胞의 細胞質內에는 電顯像에서 직경이 100∼300nm이고 높은 電子密度를 가지는 多數의 작은 分泌顆粒들과 직경이 800∼1000nm이며 낮은 電子密度를 가지는 小數의 큰 分泌球의 2種類가 관찰되었는데, 이 中 작은 分泌顆粒들이 成熟과 産卵에 관여하는 것으로 보인다. The activity of gonadotrophs (GTH cell) of greenling, Agrammus agrammus, was histologically investigated under photo and electron microscopy. The materials were monthly collected at the coastal area of Tongbaeksom, Pusan, Korea, Since July 1981 to August 1984. Gonadotrophs were activated during the growing period, and their activities decreased at the spawning season with a peak for the mature period. Two kinds of secretory granules in the gonadotrophs were detected by the electron microscope, i. e. many small granules with high electron-density were related to both maturation and ovulation or spermiation ranging from 100-300nm in diameter, and a few large globules with low electron-density from 800-1000nm.

대맛조개, Solen grandis(Dunker)의 生殖細胞 形成過程 및 生殖周期

鄭義泳,金榮吉 群山大學校自然科學硏究所 1986 自然科學硏究 Vol.1 No.-

韓國産 맛조개류中 크기가 가장 크며 水産業上 重要한 位置를 차지하고 있는 대맛조개, Solen grandis를 對象으로 生殖細胞 形成過程 및 生殖周期를 組織學的으로 調査하였고 이들의 增養殖을 爲한 基礎資料를 제공하기 爲해 生殖生物學的 調査를 하였다. 1. 대맛조개는 雌雄異體로서 卵生이다. 生殖巢는 內臟囊의 肝中腸線下方으로부터 足部의 纖維性網狀結締組織까지 分布되어 있다. 2. 卵巢는 數많은 卵巢小囊으로 構成되어 있으며 卵巢小囊의 上皮는 生殖上皮의 機能을 하고 있다. 卵原細胞는 生殖上皮上에서 어린 卵母細胞가 成長하고 있다. 精巢 역시 수많은 精巢小葉으로 構成되어 있으며 精巢小葉上皮는 生殖上皮의 기능을 한다. 小葉上皮를 따라서 精原細胞들이 活潑하게 增殖하고 있다. 3. 初期分裂增殖中인 卵原細胞는 10μm內外의 크기로 核과 仁이 뚜렷하고, 初期 成長中인 卵母細胞는 卵柄을 形成하여 生殖上皮에 부착하였다. 4. 數많은 未分化間充織과 好酸性顆粒細胞들은 初期發達期에 成長中인 卵母細胞와 精母細胞사이에 풍부하게 分布하나 卵巢와 精巢가 좀더 發達해감에 따라서 이들 間充織과 好酸性顆粒細胞들은 점차로 사라져 이들 組織과 細胞들은 營養細胞로 간주된다. 5. 成熟卵母細胞들은 卵巢小囊의 內腔內에서 원형 또는 타원형으로 되며, 完熟卵의 크기는 80∼90μm이었다. 그리고 精巢小葉上皮上에는 精原細胞 精母細胞, 精細胞 및 變態한 精子의 順으로 重層配列을 하였다. 6. 生殖年周期는 12月부터 1月까지 分裂增殖期, 1月부터 3月까지 成長期, 3月에서 8月까지 成熟期, 6月에서 7月까지 放出期 그리고 7月에서 12月까지 退化 및 休止期 등 連續的인 周期로 區分할 수 있었고 産卵盛期는 7月이었다. 7. 産卵期는 水溫과 密接한 關係를 가지며 水溫 20℃ 以上에서 産卵이 일어나고 있다. 8. 年間 肥滿度 및 消化盲囊의 脂肪細胞內 脂肪함량의 變化는 生殖年周期와 密接한 關係를 가지며 變하였다. 9.암컷과 수컷의 群成熟度는 殼長 8.0∼8.9 cm에서 50% 이상이었고, 10.0∼10.9 cm에서가 100%이었다. 全個體의 50% 이상이 再生産에 가담하기 시작하는 개체들의 연령은 滿 2歲부터 이었다. The structure of gonads, gametogenesis and reproductive cycle of the razor clam, Solen grandis were investigated by histological observation, and studied by comparing various quantitative variables, such as seasonal changes of fatness, the liver cell of the digestive diverticulum, and the first maturity. The materials were monthly collected at the coastal area of Yoobu-Do, Chungcheong Namdo, Korea, for one year from February 1985 to January 1986. 1. Sexuality of Solen grandis is dioecious, and the species is oviparous. The gonads are irregularly arranged from the subregion of mid-intestinal gland in visceral cavity to reticular connective tissue of foot. 2. The ovary is composed of a number of small ovarian sacs. The epithelium of ovarian sac has a function of the germinal epithelium. Oogonia actively proliferate along the germinal epithelium of the ovarian sac, in which young oocytes are growing. The testis is composed of a number of testicular lobuli, and the epithelium of the testicular lobule has function of germinal epithelium, along which spermatogonia actively proliferate. 3. Early multiplicating oogonium was about 10 μm in diameter. Nucleus and nucleolus were distinct in appearance. Each of the early growing oocytes made an egg-stalk, connected to the germinal epithelium. 4. A great number of undifferentiated mesenchymal tissue and eosinophilic granular cells are abundantly distributed between the growing oocytes and spermatocytes in the early development stages. With the further development of the ovary and testis, these tissues and cells gradually disappear. Then the undifferentiated mesenchymal tissue and granular cells are considered to be related to the growing of the oocytes and spermatocytes as nutritive cells. 5. Mature oocytes gradually become round or oval in the lumen of ovarian sac. Ripe oocytes were about 80 to 90 μm in diameter. With the further development of gonad, each of the testicular lobli formed stratified layers composed of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids and spermatozoa in groups on the germinal epithelium. 6. The reproductive cycle of this species could be classified into five stages; Multiplicative from December to January, growing from January to March, mature from March to August, spent from June to July with peak spawning in July, degeneration and resting stage from July to December. 7. It seems that spawning season is closely related to the water temperature, and the spawning of Solen grandis occurs at above 20℃ in water temperature. 8. The annual variation of fatness of Solen grandis correlated with gonadal phases, was remarkably decreased by spawning. It seems that changes of the volume of lipid in the lipid cell of digestive diverticulum is closely related to the reproductive cycle also. 9. Percentages of the first maturity in female and male clams ranging from 8.0 to 8.9 cm were over 50% and from 10.0 to 10.9 cm in shell length 100%. Both sexes participated in reproduction from two years old.

쥐노래미 Hexagrammos otakii 난의 부화에 미치는 수온의 영향 및 자치어의 성장과 생존에 미치는 수온과 먹이의 영향

강희웅,정의영,이창훈,이정열 한국어류학회 2002 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.14 No.2

쥐노래미 Hexagrammos otakii의 부호조건 및 자치어의 성장 및 생존에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 수온에 따른 부화 소요시간 및 부화율, 자치어의 성장과 생존에 미치는 수온과 먹이조건을 조사하였다. 쥐노래미 수정란의 수온별 부화 소요시간은 수온이 높을수록 짧았다. 부화율은 12℃에서 가장 높았으나, 반면 수온이 14℃ 이상으로 상승하면 급격히 감소되었으며 18.0℃이상에서는 비정상 기형 개체들이 출현하였다. 부화 후 70일 경과 후 수온별 자치어의 초기 성장과 생존율(%)은 수온이 높은 조건(16℃)일수록 낮은 수온조건보다 성장이 빨랐던(P<0.01) 반면, 생존율은 낮은 수온(10℃)조건에서 높게 나타났다. 70일간 먹이공급계열이 따른 자치어 사육실험에서 최적 성장과 높은 생존 조건은 윤충류(Brachionus plicatilis, 부화 후 1~10일) + Artemia nauplii(부화 후 10~20일) + 배합사료(부화 후 15~70일)를 공급한 실험군으로 나타났다. 자치어의 빠른 성장과 생존율을 높이기 위해서는 되도록 일찍 배합사료에 먹이붙임을 하는 것이 바람직하다고 판단된다. To obtain optimal rearing conditions for seedling production of the greenling Hexagrammos otakii, the effects of seawater temperature on hatching of egg, and seawater temperature and feeding regime on growth and survival of hatched larvae were studied. The hatching time of fertilized eggs of H. otakii decreased with increasing seawater temperature. Total length of hatched larvae was in the range of 7.21~8.16㎜. The highest hatching rate was found at 12℃. As seawater temperature increased higher than 14℃, the hatching rate sharply decreased. Abnormal larvae were found at 18.0℃. Seawater temperature affected significantly the growth and survival of H. otakii larvae(P<0.001). After rearing larvae for 70 days after hatching, we found the growth rate highest when seawater temperature was highest(16℃), whereas survival was highest when seawater temperature was lowest(10℃). Feeding regime also affected significantly the growth and survival of H. otakii larvae(P<0.001). The most efficient feeding regime was under the conditions of feeding rotifer(Brachionus plicatilis) during days 1~10 after hatching+ Artemia nauplii during days 10~20 after hatching+commercial feeds during days 15~70 after hatching. To ensure rapid growth and higher survival of H. otakii larvae, commercial feeds should be provided as early as possible.

자리돔, Chromis notatus(Temminck et Schlegel)의 정소발달에 따른 정소구조의 변화

이영돈,정의영,이택열 제주대학교 해양연구소 1993 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.17 No.-

Changes in the testicular structures and gonadosomatic index(GSI) of Chromis notatus was histologically investigated. Specimens of damselfish were monthly collected by the Jari-fishjng nets at the coastal area around Seogwipo, Cheju-do, Korea from February 1990 to September 1991. Sexuality of the species was dioecieous. The testis was paired, located along the vertebrae in the dorsal posterior part of the abdominal cavity, and was bilateral asymmetrical. The testis consisting of a pair of lobular Structures in the right and left was united in the posterior seminal vesicle. Cortex of the testis was composed of several testicular lobules and medulla was composed of many sperm ducts connected with the lobules. The course of maturation in the present species proceeded synchronously in all cells within a cyst. but it was different more or less from lobule to lobule. Mature spermatozoa were accumulated in the lumen of the lobules. A small number of spermatogonia remained as residual spermatogofium in the resting state at the resting stage as a reserver for the next generation of germ cells. spermatogenesis was shown active in the early development stage, but development of interstitial Cells were very poor at this stage. Maximal development of apparently active interstitial cells occured in the mature stage during the period from May to September but secretory activity had not been observed Clearly in them. It is also suggested that in the early phases of testicular growth, interstitial cells probably does not particularly medidate pituitary stimulation of spermatogenesis. Activity of the inhalobular cyst cells changed clearly along with their sexual maturation. They were thin, elliptical or triangular shape, their nucleus and cytoplasm increased in size during the mature and ripe stage, while they decreased markedly in size and showed strong affinity to haematoxylin after breeding. Secretory activity of these cells had not been observed clearly in them also. Environmental factors seemed to stirnulate testicular growth and maturity as judged from the more advanced sexual Stages of the testes. The maturation of the testis was supposed to be induced by longer day length (photoperiod) and higher water temperature, and to reach the spent period. GSI began to increase from March, starting period of longer day length and then, it gradually indreased form April, and reached the maximum value in June and August when water temperatures were higher water temperature, the longest day length. Therefore, the testis development of this species is closely related to environmental factors.

산천어, Oncorhynchus masou의 성분화

박인석,이영돈,정의영 제주대학교 해양연구소 1997 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.21 No.-

Determing the initial treatment time and duration of treatment for sex reversal in fish is important. In this study the formation of gonad and their manner of sex differentiation in cherry salmon. Oncorhynchus masou was histologically examined. Primordial germ cell in mean total length 2.24 cm fry (24 days after hatching. accumulated temperature 194℃ ) appeared between mesonephric dut and gut. Genital ridge development was predominant in larva (36 days after hatching, accumulated temperature 294℃ ) with primordial germ cells(mean diameter of 14.2㎛) in active mitosis. Sex differentiation initiated at 40 days after hatching(mean total length 2.87cm. accumulated temperature 326℃ ) and ovarian cavity and efferent duct appeared in larva(mean total length of 3.25 cm) 44 days after hatching. Larva with a mean total length of 5.90 cm in 104 days after hatching (accumulated temperature 890℃) showed differentiated gonad and female and male sex ratio in this stage is 1:1.04(P<0.01). Above result revealed that gonad differentiation pattern of cherry salmon is differentiated gonochorism.

한국 서해산 돌가자미, Kareius bicoloratus의 성 성숙

전제천,심두생,김용호,정의영 한국어류학회 2003 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.15 No.4

1998년 1월부터 12월까지 한국 서해안 충청남도 격렬비열도 해역에서 채집된 돌 가자미, Kareius bicoloratus를 대상으로 생식기구 연구를 위해 생식소중량지수(GSI), 비만도지수(CF), 간중량지수(HSI), 생식주기, 생식소 발달의 변화 등을 조직학적 방법에 의해 조사하였다. 생식소중량지수(GSI)의 월별변화는 암컷과 수컷에서 일장이 길고 고수온기인 7~8월을 지나 수온이 하강되고 일장 짧아지기 시작하는 9월부터 증가되기 시작하여 연중 일장이 가장 짧고 저수온기인 11~1월에 최대값을 보였다. 간중량지수(HSI)의 월별변화는 암컷에서 GSI의 증감의 변화에 유사하게 나타났다. 비만도는 성장기인 9월에 최대값을 나타내었고, 산란기에는 낮은 값을 보였다. 생식주기는 암컷의 경우, 성장전기(8월), 성장후기(8~10월), 성숙기(10~11월), 완숙 및 방란기(11~2월), 퇴화 및 휴지기(2월~7월)로 나눌 수 있었으며, 수컷의 경우는 성장기(8~10월), 성숙기(10~11월), 완숙 및 방정기(11~1월), 퇴화 및 휴지기(2~7월)로 구분할 수 있었다. 군성숙도 조사에서 5-% 이상 산란에 참여하는 크기는 암컷 전장 20~25㎝, 수컷 15.0~20.0㎝이었으며, 100%전 개체가 산란에 참여하는 크기는 암컷 30㎝ 이상, 수컷 20㎝ 이상으로 웅성선숙 현상이 나타났다. 암 ? 수 성비는 통계적으로 1 : 1이었으며, 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(ㅌ^(2) = 0.15, P>0.05). Gonadosomatic index (GSI), the hepatosomatic index (HSI), condition factor (CF), reproductive cycle, first sexual maturity, and sex ratio were investigated by histological study and morphometric data. Specimens of K. bicoloratus were collected from the coastal waters of Gyeongryelbiyeoldo, Chungnam Province, Korea, from January to December 1998. Monthly variation of the GSI in females and males began to increase between October and November when the ovary and testis were maturing, and their values reached the maximum between December and January, when spawning occurred during the winter season of shorter day length and low water temperature. Monthly variations of the HSI showed a negative correlation with those of the GSI. Condition factors in females and males were higher between October and November (mature stage), and their values sharply decreased after spawning. Monthly changes in condition factors closely correlated with the reproductive cycle. The reproductive cycle of this species can be divided into five successive stages: in females, early growing (August), late growing (August to October), mature (October to November), ripe and spent (December to January), and recovery and resting stages (February to July); in males it can be classified into four successive stages: growing (August to October), mature (October to November), ripe and spent (November to January), and recovery and resting stages (February to July). Percentages of first sexual maturity in females and males were 50% at 20.0-25.0 ㎝ and 15.0-20.0 ㎝, respectively, and 100% at over 30.0 ㎝ and over 20.0 ㎝, respectively. The sex ratios of individuals were not statistically different from 1 : 1 (χ² = 1.64, p > 0.05).