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Ebisawa, Katsumi,Fujita, Masatoshi,Iwabuchi, Yoko,Sugino, Hideharu Korean Nuclear Society 2012 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.44 No.5
The Tohoku earthquake (Mw9.0) occurred on March 11, 2011 and caused a large tsunami. The Fukushima Dai-ichi NPP (F1-NPP) were overwhelmed by the tsunami and core damage occurred. This paper describes the overview of F1-NPP accident and the usability of tsunami PRA at Tohoku earthquake. The paper makes reference to the following current issues: influence on seismic hazard of gigantic aftershocks and triggered earthquakes, concepts for evaluating core damage frequency considering common cause failure with correlation coefficient against seismic event at multi units and sites, and concepts of "seismic-tsunami PSA" considering a combination of seismic motion and tsunami effects.
CURRENT STATUS AND IMPORTANT ISSUES ON SEISMIC HAZARD EVALUATION METHODOLOGY IN JAPAN
Ebisawa, Katsumi Korean Nuclear Society 2009 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.41 No.10
The outlines of seismic PSA implementation standards and seismic hazard evaluation procedure were shown. An overview of the cause investigation of seismic motion amplification on the Niigata-ken Chuetsu-oki (NCO) earthquake was also shown. Then, the contents for improving the seismic hazard evaluation methodology based on the lessons learned from the NCO earthquake were described. (1) It is very important to recognize the effectiveness of a fault model on the detail seismic hazard evaluation for the near seismic source through the cause investigation of the NCO earthquake. (2) In order to perform and proceed with a seismic hazard evaluation, the Japan Nuclear Energy Safety Organization has proposed the framework of the open deliberation rule regarding the treatment of uncertainty which was made so as to be able to utilize a logic tree. (3) The b-value evaluation on the "Stress concentrating zone," which is a high seismic activity around the NCO hypocenter area, should be modified based on the Gutenberg-Richter equation.
( Motohiro Ebisawa ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2006 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.26 No.3
In October 2005, we released Food Allergy Management Guideline 2005. To cover food allergy from infancy to adulthood, the project committee included not only pediatric researchers, but also internists, dermatologists, and otolaryngologists. The guideline concept was to utilize the data accumulated by the National Food Allergy Research Group, to be plain and as short as a pamphlet, and to be released on internet. The most glowing argument was about relation between infantile atopic dermatitis and food allergy, and how it should be treated in the guideline. To avoid neither overvaluation nor undervaluation, fastidious care was given to the denotation. With the definition of infantile atopic dermatitis associated with food allergy, both dermatologic and pediatric members of the project committee finally came to agreement, which was a landmark between dermatologists and pediatricians in Japan. The guideline explains fundamentals with the least paragraphs and with tables and figures as many as possible. Flowcharts are made largely as a composition in the parts of diagnosis and treatment. I really hope that this guideline is useful for Korean doctors involved in food allergy and that quality of life of food allergy patients and their parents are improved. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2006;26:177-185)
KATSUMI EBISAWA,MASATOSHI FUJITA,YOKO IWABUCHI,HIDEHARU SUGINO 한국원자력학회 2012 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.44 No.5
The Tohoku earthquake (Mw9.0) occurred on March 11, 2011 and caused a large tsunami. The Fukushima Dai-ichi NPP (F1-NPP) were overwhelmed by the tsunami and core damage occurred. This paper describes the overview of F1-NPP accident and the usability of tsunami PRA at Tohoku earthquake. The paper makes reference to the following current issues:influence on seismic hazard of gigantic aftershocks and triggered earthquakes, concepts for evaluating core damage frequency considering common cause failure with correlation coefficient against seismic event at multi units and sites, and concepts of "seismic-tsunami PSA" considering a combination of seismic motion and tsunami effects.
Current Status and Important Issues on Seismic Hazard Evaluation Methodology in Japan
KATSUMI EBISAWA 한국원자력학회 2009 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.41 No.10
The outlines of seismic PSA implementation standards and seismic hazard evaluation procedure were shown. An overview of the cause investigation of seismic motion amplification on the Niigata-ken Chuetsu-oki (NCO) earthquake was also shown. Then, the contents for improving the seismic hazard evaluation methodology based on the lessons learned from the NCO earthquake were described. (1) It is very important to recognize the effectiveness of a fault model on the detail seismic hazard evaluation for the near seismic source through the cause investigation of the NCO earthquake. (2) In order to perform and proceed with a seismic hazard evaluation, the Japan Nuclear Energy Safety Organization has proposed the framework of the open deliberation rule regarding the treatment of uncertainty which was made so as to be able to utilize a logic tree. (3) The b-value evaluation on the “Stress concentrating zone,” which is a high seismic activity around the NCO hypocenter area, should be modified based on the Gutenberg-Richter equation.
韓國에 있어서의 破傷風에 대한 考察 : 最近 10年間을 中心으로
海老澤 功,金琦淳,姜眞無,金命鎬,金允秀,吳姃珍 韓國保健敎育學會 1984 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.2 No.1
Aiming to obtain knowledge and information on tetanus occurrence in Korea, an analystical survey carried out for registered and admitted patients in four large hospitals in Korea, during January 1, 1974 through December 31, 1983. The results showed as follows: 1. 175 among total 453 tetanus patients died in the hospitals, therefore fatal rate showed as 24.1%. However, the discharged patients against doctors' advices were not included in these died cases. 2. Sex ratio of admitted tetanus patients between male and female was shown as 3 : 1. 3. Home delivery in neonate tetanus and laceration and abrasion in non-neonate tetanus were observed as the most dominant cause of death respectively and the wound of foot lead the most dominant cause of death in the latter. 4. Clinical features of the tetanus patients on admission shown the following order in the frequency: sucking and disphagia failure(50.8%), convulsion (53.8%), trismus (50.8%). 5. The tetanus patients were terminated with mainly respiratory and cardiac failure. 6. In the treatment for tetanus patients, airway(58.3%), intubation (45.3%) and tracheostomy(9.7%) were applied respectively.
Oral Immunotherapy in Food Allergy: Where Are We Now?
Özdemir Pınar Gökmirza,Sato Sakura,Yanagida Noriyuki,Ebisawa Motohiro 대한천식알레르기학회 2023 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.15 No.2
Food allergy (FA) has become more prevalent and problematic in the last 2 decades, and it poses important individual, social, and economic burdens. Besides treating reactions induced by accidental exposure and periodic evaluation for acquiring natural tolerance, the primary management approach is still allergen avoidance as a global standard. However, an active therapeutic approach that can raise the reaction threshold or accelerate tolerance is needed. This review aimed to provide an overview and the latest evidence of oral immunotherapy (OIT), which has recently been used in the active treatment of FA. FA immunotherapy, particularly OIT, is gaining considerable interest, and substantial effort has been made to integrate this active treatment into clinical practice. Consequently, growing evidence has been obtained regarding the efficacy and safety of OIT, particularly for allergens such as peanuts, eggs, and milk. However, several issues need to be addressed regarding the availability, safety, and long-term effects of this intervention. In this review, we summarize currently available information regarding tolerance-inducing immune mechanisms of OIT, data on efficacy and safety, gaps in current evidence, and ongoing research to develop new therapeutic molecules in order to enhance safety.