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Development of paint area estimation software for ship compartments and structures
Cho, Doo-Yeoun,Swan, Sam,Kim, Dave,Cha, Ju-Hwan,Ruy, Won-Sun,Choi, Hyung-Soon,Kim, Tae-Soo The Society of Naval Architects of Korea 2016 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.8 No.2
The painting process of large ships is an intense manual operation that typically comprises 9-12% of the total shipbuilding cost. Accordingly, shipbuilders need to estimate the required amount of anti-corrosive coatings and painting resources for inventory and cost control. This study aims to develop a software system which enables the shipbuilders to estimate paint area using existing 3D CAD ship structural models. The geometric information of the ships structure are extracted from the existing shipbuilding CAD/CAM system and used to create painting zones. After specifying the painting zones, users can generate the paint faces by clipping structural parts inside each zone. Finally, the paint resources may be obtained from the product of the paint areas and required paint thickness. Implementing the developed software system to real shipbuilders' operations has contributed to improved productivity, faster resource estimation, better accuracy, and fewer coating defects over their conventional manual calculation methods for painting resource estimation.
Cho, Doo-Yeoun,Bae, Soo Hyeon,Lee, Joeng Kee,Park, Jung Bae,Kim, Yang-Weon,Lee, Sukhyang,Oh, Euichaul,Kim, Bom-Taeck,Bae, Soo Kyung Taylor & Francis 2015 Xenobiotica Vol.45 No.3
<P>1. Recently, we demonstrated that sarpogrelate is a potent and selective CYP2D6 inhibitor <I>in vitro</I>. Here, we evaluated the effect of sarpogrelate on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of metoprolol in healthy subjects.</P><P>2. Nine healthy male subjects genotyped for <I>CYP2D6</I>*1/*1 or *1/*2 were included in an open-label, randomized, three treatment-period and crossover study. A single oral dose of metoprolol (100 mg) was administered with water (treatment A) and sarpogrelate (100 mg bid.; a total dose of 200 mg and treatment B), or after pretreatment of sarpogrelate for three days (100 mg tid.; treatment C). Plasma levels of metoprolol and α-hydroxymetoprolol were determined using a validated LC-MS/MS method. Changes in heart rate and blood pressure were monitored as pharmacodynamic responses to metoprolol.</P><P>3. Metoprolol was well tolerated in the three treatment groups. In treatment B and C groups, the AUC<I><SUB>t</SUB></I> of metoprolol increased by 53% (GMR, 1.53; 90% CI, 1.17-2.31) and by 51% (1.51; 1.17-2.31), respectively. Similar patterns were observed for the increase in <I>C</I><SUB>max</SUB> of metoprolol by sarpogrelate. However, the pharmacodynamics of metoprolol did not differ significantly among the three treatment groups.</P><P>4. Greater systemic exposure to metoprolol after co-administration or pretreatment with sarpogrelate did not result in clinically relevant effects. Co-administration of both agents is well tolerated and can be employed without the need for dose adjustments.</P>
Cho, Doo-Yeoun,Bae, Soo Hyeon,Lee, Joeng Kee,Kim, Yang Weon,Kim, Bom-Taeck,Bae, Soo Kyung American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental 2014 Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fa Vol.42 No.1
<P>The present study was performed to evaluate the in vitro inhibitory potential of sarpogrelate and its active metabolite, M-1, on the activities of nine human cytochrome (CYP) isoforms. Using a cocktail assay, the effects of sarpogrelate on nine CYP isoforms and M-1 were measured by specific marker reactions in human liver microsomes. Sarpogrelate potently and selectively inhibited CYP2D6-mediated dextromethorphan <I>O</I>-demethylation with an IC<SUB>50</SUB> (<I>K</I><SUB>i</SUB>) value of 3.05 <I>μ</I>M (1.24 <I>μ</I>M), in a competitive manner. M-1 also markedly inhibited CYP2D6 activity; its inhibitory effect with an IC<SUB>50</SUB> (<I>K</I><SUB>i</SUB>) value of 0.201 <I>μ</I>M (0.120 <I>μ</I>M) was more potent than that of sarpogrelate, and was similarly potent as quinidine (<I>K</I><SUB>i</SUB>, 0.129 <I>μ</I>M), a well-known typical CYP2D6 inhibitor. In addition, sarpogrelate and M-1 strongly inhibited both CYP2D6-catalyzed bufuralol 1′-hydroxylation and metoprolol <I>α</I>-hydroxylation activities. However, sarpogrelate and M-1 showed no apparent inhibition of the other following eight CYPs: CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2E1, or CYP3A4/5. Upon 30-minute preincubation of human liver microsomes with sarpogrelate or M-1 in the presence of NADPH, no obvious shift in IC<SUB>50</SUB> was observed in terms of inhibition of the nine CYP activities, suggesting that sarpogrelate and M-1 are not time-dependent inactivators. Sarpogrelate strongly inhibited the activity of CYP2D6 at clinically relevant concentrations in human liver microsomes. These observations suggest that sarpogrelate could have an effect on the metabolic clearance of drugs possessing CYP2D6-catalyzed metabolism as a major clearance pathway, thereby eliciting pharmacokinetic drug–drug interactions.</P>
Case Reports : A Case of Ocular Benign Lymphoid Hyperplasia Treated with Bevacizumab Injection
( Doo Hwan Oh ),( Yeoun Sook Chun ),( Jae Chan Kim ) 대한안과학회 2011 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.25 No.1
We report the first case of ocular benign lymphoid hyperplasia (BLH) treated with subconjunctival injection of bevacizumab (Avastin). A 27-year-old man presented to our clinic with conjunctival masses and limbal neovascularization. An incisional biopsy yielded the diagnosis of BLH. The patient was subsequently given a subconjunctival injection of bevacizumab (1.25 mg / 0.1 mL). The patient did not experience recurrence or malignant metaplasia during the one-year follow-up period. In patients with conjunctival BLH, subconjunctival injection of bevacizumab can be a useful treatment option in patients unable to undergo a surgical procedure due to limbal neovascularization.