Low doses of ionizing radiation suppress doxorubicin-induced senescence-like phenotypes by activation of ERK1/2 and suppression of p38 kinase in MCF7 human breast cancer cells

신재식,우상혁,이형찬,홍승우,유두현,홍석일,이왕재,이명석,진영우,안성관,진동훈,박인철 Sookmyung Women's University Research Institute of 2010 여성과 건강 Vol.6 No.1

Low doses of ionizing radiation suppress doxorubicin-induced senescence-like phenotypes by activation of ERK1/2 and suppression of p38 kinase in MCF7 human breast cancer cells

신재식,우상혁,이형찬,홍승우,유두현,홍석일,이왕재,이명석,진영우,안성관,진동훈,박인철 Sookmyung Women's University Research Institute of 2010 여성과 건강 Vol.6 No.1

경막외 혈액 봉합술을 시행받은 자발성 두개내 저압 환자의 분석

김두식,유수봉,윤상호 고신대학교 의과대학 2009 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.24 No.2

Background : Spontaneous intracranial hypotension(SIH) is found as a not uncommon cause of headache recently. We wanted to study its demographic characteristics, presenting symptoms and findings and the effect of autologous epidural blood patch (AEBP). Methods : We retrospectively analyzed medical records of 11 patients who were diagnosed of spontaneous intracranial hypotension and treated with AEBP from March of 2006 to October of 2009. Results : Age of patients(10 female and 1 male) was ranged from 29 to 51 years (mean 38.8 years). Their presenting symptoms included typical postural headache(11/11), nausea and vomiting(7/11), dizziness(2/11), stiff neck or neck pain(2/11), shoulder pain(2/11), and back pain(1/11). In nine patients CSF pressure was checked, CSF pressure was less than 6 cmH2O in 8 patients. In nine of eleven patients, CSF leakage was detected in cisternography. Brain MRI showed diffuse meningeal enhancement in six patients and subdural hematoma in one. VAS of postural headache decreased from 8-10(mean 9.6) to 1-5(mean 1.6) after AEBP. Conclusion : Most of the SIH patients were otherwise healthy people. It was prevalent among women, especially young adult. AEBP showed as an excellent treatment modality.

도시지역 합류식 하수관거 월류수의 오염부하 특성

윤현식,이두진,이영대 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 2003 環境科學論文集 Vol.24 No.-

합류식 하수관거 월류수(Combined sewer overflow, CSOs)는 도시 인근 방류선 수체의 주요한 오염원의 하나로 알려져 있으며, 특히 강우초기 월류수의 경우 높은 오염부하가 일시에 방류되어 심각한 문제를 야기시킨다. 본 연구에서는 도시지역 합류식 하수관거 월류수의 발생 및 오염부하 특성을 분석하고, 초기강우에 의한 세척효과, 오염원 기여도 평가 등을 수행하였다. 강우사상에 따라 다소 차이가 있었으나, 합류식 하수관거 월류수가 건기하수에 비하여 오염부하가 전반적으로 높았으며, 특히 월류초기에는 매우 고농도로 측정되었다. 근사적인 오염물질 수지식을 통하여 관거퇴적물의 재부유에 의한 오염기여도가 가장 높았다. 무차원 L(V)곡선이 초기세척현상(First flush)을 잘 표현하였으며 SS, CODcr, T-P, T-N의 순으로 초기세척효과가 크게 나타났다. Combined sewer overflows(CSOs) have been considered as a major cause of water quality deterioration of natural water-courses in the vicinity of the heavily urbanized areas. The factors defining the magnitude and occurrence of CSOs are site specific. It is important to know exact properties of pollutants contained in CSOs to address water quality impacts that are caused by CSOs inputs to the receiving waters. This should be accompanied with an integrated analysis, evaluation programs, thus allowing us to an appropriate technology to alleviate the impacts. Pollutant concentrations measured during the storm events were generally higher than those of dry weather conditions except for T-N parameter and observed significant higher concentrations at the initial phase of CSOs. Based on the rough estimation by the proposed pollutant mass balance, it was found that a main part of wet weather pollutional loads originates from the resuspension of sewer bottom sediments. The dimensionless L(V) curves for determining whether first flush phenomenon occur or not were well described the pollutant flushing. These results show that a given fraction of volume contains a load of SS higher than CODcr, T-P, T-N in the initial phase of wet weather runoff.

Collective Behavior: 理論的 諸傾向들에 관한 一考察 (I) : expecially on the social psychological orientations 社會心理學的 傾向을 中心으로

金斗植 韓社大學 1980 대학논문집 Vol.10 No.-

Since Gustave LeBon had studied collective behavior, many scholars have been studying these social phenomena. And also various theoretical orientations have been presented. Taking a general view of these theoretical orientations, three main streams which have social psychological standpoint can be divided. First, Psycho-analytic approach emphasizes leader-member relationship. Freud's psycho-analytic method has important significance in this approach. Freud described this phenomenon in terms of libidinal tie between leader and members in the crowd. This standpoint is held by many scholars such as E.D. Martin, I.L. Janis, F. Re이, Reich, Erich Fromm etc. Second, there is different standpoint which emphasizes interaction between members in the crowd. In the process of interaction between members, due to the emotional contagion, homogeneity of the crowd is maintained within the crowd. In this approach, emotional contagion is the main mechanism which explains the collective behavior. Scholars such as Blumer, Mcdougall, Allport, Tarde, Park and Burgess have this theoretical orientation. On the contrary, convergence of individual attitude, value or potential tendency is also capable of describing collective behavior. This orientation concentrates concerns on the composition of the crowd. As a result, these all three theoretical orientations have agreed with homogeneity of crowd. And also they have explained crowd behavior from the pathological standpoint. In spite of different characteristics of their standpoints, they maybe complementary with each others. In order to understand this social phenomenon further, it will be necessary to try and explore possibility of combining these theoretical orientations.

퇴행성 슬관절염 환자의 증상 중증도 측정을 위한 적외선 체열상의 유용성

이두익,김건식,김수영,최도영,이상훈,이재동,이윤호 EAST-WEST MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KYUNG HEE UNI 2005 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2005 No.-

Objectives: To investigate the applicability of thermography as severity measurement in the patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Methods: Data were obtained from 80 patiens with OA of the knee. They were asked to answer two disease-specific questionnaire (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) OA index, Lequesne's Functional Index (LEI)), one generic instrument (Korean Health Assessment Questionnaire (KHAQ)), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain intensities in order to assess the severity of disease, quality of life, and degree of pain and taken thermography in standardized environment before and after treatment, respectively. Results: The thermal differences between ipsilateral side and contralateral side in lateral aspect, medial aspect, patella region and suprapatella of both knees were correlated with pain lesion sites. Age, duration of disease, duration of morning stiffness, sex, and crepitus of knee were not correlated with the thermal differences of each regions. And also LFI, WOMAC, WOMAC pain subscale, WOMAC stiffness subscale, WOMAC physical function, KHAQ, were not correlated with the thermal differences of each region. But, the changes of VAS pain intensities were highly correlated with the thermal differences of each regions, especially in patelaa and suprapatella of knees after teratment. Conclusions: Although several specific evaluation indices for osteoarthritis of knee were not correlated with the degree of thermal differences between both knees, the differences of pain intensity (VAS) were quit correlated with thermal differences after treatment. And infrared thermography might be a very useful devices fot the evaluation of OA of knee and its treatment. Further study on the thermography on OA of the knee in more size of patients with appropriate severity grade and the standardization of analysis of thermographic data were recommended.

최근 Flat Scanner와 기술 동향에 관한 분석

김두식,정기영,유건룡 혜전대학 1998 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

These days, the scanner systems is one of the electronic products which the speed of development is very fast. It has the inseparable relation to computers, its application has extended to INTERNET. In this paper, we research the its internal structure and the field of the related application regarding the color flat scanner system. Specially we have analyzed its architecture in detail; Opto-Mechanical system, Electronic system, Function block diagram, CAL, VIN Test etc., choose the VISTA-T630 model as a sample. Day by day the computer´s function has been elevated, also the processing technology for the graphics become to diversify. Therefore, many kinds of peripherals have appeared, but our realistic given conditions are inclined to the investment for the field of data communications, disregard that on concerning the image capturing equipments. All of technology can not develop suddenly, so we hope to pave the developing way for the field of scanners by this paer.

자연과 사회의 관계 : 사회구성론과 실재론적 관점의 비교 Social Constructionism versus Realism

김두식 大邱大學校 社會科學硏究所 2000 社會科學硏究 Vol.7 No.3

자연과 사회간의 관계는 그 동안 사회학의 핵심적인 관심분야는 아니었다. 그러나 오늘날 환경문제가 주요한 사회문제의 하나로 인식되면서 자연/사회관계에 대한 새로운 사회학적인 도전이 제기되고 있다. 이러한 도전들은 자연/사회관계에 대한 물질적인 측면과 관념적인 측면을 강조하는 상반되는 입장들이 공존하고 있는가 하면, 자연환경이 과연 사회학의 대상이 될 수 있는가 없는가하는 문제 등에 관련된 이원론적인 상이한 입장들이 있다. 사회학의 선구자들은 대체로 자연환경이 사회적인 것이 아니라는 부정적인 시각을 가지고 있다. 오늘날 이러한 전통은 자연/사회관계를 개념화하는 다양한 방식의 차이로 이어지고 있다. 실재론은 자연을 사회과정과는 독립적이고 객관적인 실체로서 인정하는 반면에 사회구성주의는 자연은 사회문화적 과정과 개인의 의식활동의 산물로서 이해하고 있다. 이들 중 극단적인 유형은 결정론적이고 이원론적인 성격을 지니는 한계가 있다. 자연/사회관계에 대한 이원론과 결정론을 극복하기 위해 자연/사회관계의 성격과 유형에 관한 절충주의적인 개념화 방식을 제시한다.

Collective Behavior; 理論的 諸傾向들에 關한 一考察(Ⅱ) : 社會學的 傾向을 中心으로 especially on the sociological orientations

金斗植 韓社大學 1981 대학논문집 Vol.11 No.-

Since Gustave LeBon's study on collective behavior, there have been several kinds of theoretical orientation to the collective behavior. They are psychological, social psychological, sociological orientations in general. In this article, our main interest focuses on Sociological viewpoint. In general, two main streams which have sociological viewpoint can be divided. First, Emergent norm theory denies the homogeneity of crowd, which is held by contagion theorist and convergence theorist. This viewpoint rather insist on norm to which individual of crowd must conform in the crowd situation. So this norm is named emergent norm. Turner is one of the scholars who have this viewpoint. Another viewpoint is held by Neil J. Smelser. He explains collective behavior by structural determinants and components of social action. Structural determinants are structural conduciveness, strain, spread of generalized belief, precipitating factor, mobilization for action, operation of social control. Value, norm, mobilization into organized role, situational facilities are components of social action. Each structural determinant is identified by value-added approach. He considers characterization of collective behavior as an institutionalized mobilization for action in order to modify one or more kinds of strain on the basis of a generalized reconstitution of a component of social action. In order for further understanding of human behavior such as collective behavior, it will be necessary to explore various theoretical viewpoints and also investigate cooperation of these theoretical orientations.

척수신경결찰 흰쥐에서 척수강내로 투여한 Memantine의 기계적 항이질통 효과

김두식 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.4

Background : Peripheral nerve injury can cause neuropathic pain states in which patients report painful sensation to stimuli that are normally innocuous (allodynia), or enhanced pain mechanism underlying neuropathic pain states are poorly understood. Since spinal glutamate receptor activation is a critical step in central sensitization, leading to spinal hyperexcitability in pain processing. Methods : Letf L5/6 spinal nerves were tightly ligated (SNL) to induce neuropathic pain in Harlan Sprague Dawley rats as described by Kim et al (1992). Two weeks after SNL, memantine 2 mg/kg directly injected into L5/6 spinal region in 10 μl followed by 10 μl saline. Hind paw withdrawal thresholds (PWT) to von Frey filament stimulation were tested for mechanical hypersensitivity in SNL rats injected intrathecally with memantine, before and post intrathecal injections in a blinded manner as detailed in Chaplan et al (1994). Results : Intrathecal injection of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist memantine significantly reversed the allodynia state in SNL rats. Conclusion : The evidence provided by the study shows a strong correlation between inhibition of NMDA receptors and tactile allodynia. Increased NMDA activation can lead to a tactile allodynia under innocuous stimuli. Memantine can block the facilitated state of NMDA receptors and tactile allodynia in the SNL rats.