리모닌으로부터 히드로아줄렌 중간체의 합성

김두화,조성등 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1989 自然科學硏究 Vol.12 No.1

Vinylether (12) was synthesized by the reaction of hydroxyacetal (11) and ethylvinylether in the presence of mercuric acetate as a catalyst. Hydroxyacetal (11) also was synthesized throughout 9 reaction steps R-(+)- Limonene as a starting material.

2002학년도 신입생 실태조사

김두화 濟州大學校 學生生活硏究所 2003 學生生活硏究 Vol.24 No.-

The purposes of this research are to collect and analyze basic data on freshmen, to understand students?general matters and to utilize the data as basic materials for student guidance and administrxtion; to find out the students?general matters, we asked freshmen about their psychological character, values, university life, impression and pride on university, the reason for choosing their majors, whether they will keep studying, the relations with professors, school life in the past, social relationship, the point of view on social issues, and the extent of use of the consultation service center. The survey was conducted among 2,660 freshmen from February 21-22, 2001 during the orientation course, and 1,929 students answered. The results are as follows; 1) Most freshmen live in Jeju, yet for an increasing number of students from other regions and cities we need to provide administrative support to help them find lodgings. 2) The number of students who have just graduated from high school increased. Most students'supporters are their fathers, and the majority of all freshmen have both a father and a mother. The educational background of parents has been improving every year. In terms of parents' jobs, farmers, storekeepers, merchants and people working in the service industry are the majority, however, the number of parents dealing in agriculture is on the decrease. In terms of the number of family members, the students who have four to five members account for 71.6%. Although a monthly income of each family is increasing, students and their parents are still hard up for living and school expenses because of the economic recession and rising consumer prices. Therefore, we need to provide students with more opportunities to do part-time jobs and earn their school expenses. 3) Most of the freshmen live happily with their family, while 13.5% of the respondents do not. Moreover, 19.5% of the students answered that they are unsatisfied with their parents, and 1.0% of them think that their parents are indifferent to them. So, we should develop programs for culture of sentiments and use them for student guidance. 4) While in university, students' tuition fees and living expenses are covered primarily by their supports or parents. Most freshmen, however, want scholarship (89.2%) and part-time jobs (85.3%), so we need to secure more funds for scholarship, help students get part-time jobs and ultimately to give students opportunities of a variety of experiences. 5) Their motives of university entrance are to get well-paid jobs, to acquire professional knowledge and to develop capability. What they want to do most are study the major, make friends and prepare for professional certificates. They also want to join clubs. They are concerned about study, time spending and life planning. Accordingly, we need to establish more various subjects and courses in order to offer more efficient university life to students. 6) Questioned about the impression on Cheju National University (CNU), freshmen answered beautiful campus, free and open atmosphere and benefits of scholarship, in order. When they applied for admission to the university, 34.4% of them did not know well about the university, and they considered regional aspects as No. 1 factor. They got information on universities from friends and senior students (31.1%). Just 27% of freshmen this year are proud of the university, but compared to 23.2% last year, the figure increased. Since there are some students(3.4%) who feel ashamed of themselves as students of CNU, we must develop various programs for students to go to school with pride. 7) Most students determined their majors according to their own will, but some students (20.2%) did not. When choosing their major, they took into account job seeking after graduation, their aptitude and qualification. They were given information on entrance requirements from friends, senior university students and guidebooks fromuniversities. Many students(42.6%)chose their majors during the period when applications were accpted. Since some students (33.2%)turn out have determined their majors without any information, it seems necessary to counsel students to make a wise choice Most students want to work in the same field as their major While 51.8% of the respondents want to stick to stick their current majors, 43.7%are considering monoring in another study, transferring or preparing for the next college enttrance examination.Therefore, academoc counsel should be carried out in elemetary, middle and high schools in a systematic way 8) Freshmen want to take an academic advice from professors instead of having intimate relations with them. The students also want their professors to give advice on other fields of study, the point of view on life, social issues and personal problems. 9) For the entrance examination, 41.9% students have ever been tutored. More than half of the students said to they were happy with their life in high school, and almost all students are social. Since the number of students who have a friend of the opposite sex is increasing every year, we need to develop and provide programs for sound culture and relationship with the other sex. 10) The serious problems among freshmen are career, characteristics and aptitude and capability. Students usually deal with those problems by talking about them with their friends (54.3%), by themselves (17.1 %) and by getting help from their mother (11.8%), siblings or relatives (8.3%) and father (3.6%). So, opportunities should be provided for experienced adults to give right advice to students and we also should guide students through regular psychological and aptitude tests. 11) Students said the most serious problems in the current Korean society are extravagance, corruption and irregularities, distrust in politicians and the wealthy disparity between the rich and the poor. They cited poor regional development and culture as problems of Jeju, so it is required to cope with regional development in Jeju carefully. We can find out they have negative perspectives on our society. Therefore, social and political leaders should realize the problems and reform themselves. 12) Freshmen consider efforts and capability as the requirements for social success. 51.9% of them want to take counsel programs in the consultation service center, and the contents that they want are about jobs, graduate schools, university life, friends and social relations, study in other countries and so on. In order to meet the demands of students, the consultation service center and the comprehensive service center should get more professional and operate in a more systematic way. To this end, we need to give administrative and financial support to the two service centers.

팔라디움 촉매하에서 산염화물과 유기주석의 커플링 반응

김두화,박정환,한도수,허선아,김성현,조성동 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1992 自然科學硏究 Vol.15 No.1

The reaction of Asymmetrical organotins with acid chlorides in the presence of Benzylbis (triphenylphosphine) palladium(Ⅱ) chloride gave good yields of ketones in chloroform.

제주대학교 재학생 의식조사에 관한 연구

김두화,김경순 제주대학교 학생생활연구소 2001 學生生活硏究 Vol.22 No.-

Information about the actual conditions and consciousness of college students, their opinions and attitude to the general campus life becomes a basic material to help them enjoy a desirable campus life and to establish an administrative plan of the school authorities. This research has its purpose in providing fundamental data to be reflected on the direction of establishing and performing the main policies of the school authorities understanding the realities of college students and also on the direction of student guidance and educational improvement through comprehensively understanding the actual conditions and consciousness of college students. The subjects were 921 college students at Cheju National University, and as a way of selecting a sample the proportional stratified random sampling was executed dividing them in a fixed ratio depending on the number of students in each department in order to maintain equivalent sampling. The contents of the questionnaire consisted of seventy questions of the following six areas in total: individual life, school life, study problems, administrative service and school development, career and employment measures, and finally questions on the Student Life Research Institute. For data analysis, the statistical method of SPSS was used to analyze it according to the frequency and percentages based on each college, year, and sex. The result of the research is summarized as follows : 1.Questions on individual life The most important matter to the college students of Cheju National University is their concerns about career after graduation(65.5%). With this result, it's implied that they think their career after graduation is important but few students spend their time on a plan for their career. Students need to recognize it themselves, and the school needs to prepare a time management program so that students can use their time with efficiency. 2.Questions on school life The students' satisfaction with their campus life is a normal level(57.5%), and their disappointments in the campus life are theirselves(36.4%) and lectures(20.7%). The fact that the main reason of their disappointment is themselves suggests that it's necessary to enhance such a counseling program as improving self-esteem. 3.Questions on study problems The motives of selecting their present major are mainly their aptitude and interest(38.7%) and their scores(30.8%). The degree of their satisfaction with their major is a normal level(47.8%), and the reasons of their dissatisfaction with their major are their different aptitude and interest(38.4%) and its curriculum different from their expectation(19.6%). 4.Questions on the administrative service and school development The kindness of the administrative staff of school is so so(51.5%), and what students feel uncomfortable about the administrative service is the staff's act of their administrative convenience(29.3%). The most urgent matter to develop the university was to extend career and employment guidance(54.7%), and the effective ways of school publicity were using mass media(73.4%), holding events and contests for high school students(67.4%), and enticing high school teachers and students to visit(47.8%). 5.Questions on career and employment measures Their plan after graduation is mainly to become employed(61.0%) or to enter a graduate school(11.1%). Most of the students have only an interest in becoming employed(43.6%), and the elements which they think are most important to become employed are their language ability(45.2%), studying their major(23.7%), and acquiring certificates of qualifications(14.1%). Besides, the information that the Employment Information Center needs to offer is the recruitment schedule of each company and the information of its tests. Concerned with becoming employed, they expect the school to extend employment information(24.6%), to open practical subjects in their major(24.2%), to open employment-related subjects(12.9%), and to give career education regularly(11.0%) 6.Questions on the Student Life Research Institute Only one out of ten students has experienced using the Student Life Research Institute. The reasons why they haven't used it are because they don't know what it's for(28.9%), because they haven't felt it necessary(18.9%), and because they don't know how to use it even though they want to(16.6). This result suggests that the publicity of the Student Life Research Institute's works and its use need to be increased. To maximize its use, a survey of programs that students want, psychological tests, and various counseling activities needs to be carried out along with a more active publicity strategy.

정삼각형 구멍에 의한 회절 무늬 형태에 대한 고찰

강명화,강동식,김두철 濟州大學校 師範大學 科學敎育硏究所 1993 科學敎育 Vol.10 No.1

We have calculated the irradiance distribution function of diffraction for a regularly triangular aperture and obtained the diffraction pattern by the com-puter simulation. Also the diffraction pattern has been observed by the Fraunhofer diffraction experiment. From these results we find that the distribution of diffraction has three symmetric axes and the diffraction pattern in each axes has an alternating bright and dark fringes like the pattern of a single slit.

이중 슬릿에서 폭과 간격의 변화에 따른 회절무늬 형태

강명화,김두철 濟州大學校 師範大學 科學敎育硏究所 1994 科學敎育 Vol.11 No.1

Difffraction patterns on the variation of the width b and the separation d of the double slit have been simulated by a computer. As the slit-width b is kept constant and the slit-separation d is varied, the scale of the interference pattern varies. but that of diffraction pattern remains the same: As the slit-separation d increases by the slit-width b times, the number of fringe of interference is 2n+1, n is d/b. However as the slit-separation d is kept constant, and the slit-width b is varied, the scale of the interference pattern and that of diffraction pattern varies: In case of b≤0. 1d the intensity between fringes of interference is nearly equal and this result agrees with that of Young's double-slit experiment.

대학생의 이성관계 실태에 관한 조사연구 : 제주대학생을 중심으로 mainly the students at CNU

김두화,김경순 濟州大學校 學生生活硏究所 2000 學生生活硏究 Vol.21 No.-

It is the purpose of this research that to find the programs and guidance for university students' healthy intersextual acquaintance, by surveying their actual conition of the acquaintance, analyzing their problems and agonies and giving the positive materials that can help to solve their problems. Is is the more concrete purpose that to study the matters about boy or girl friends, the students' experiences and agonies, opinions, and their relation with parents. 351 students ad Che-ju National University were made the object of this research. These are 33 questions, 1) general matters about their boy or girl friends(8) 2) experiences of intersexsual acquaintance and agonies(6) 3) the attitude to intersexsual acquaintance(8) 4) the relations with their parents(8) 5) their own value as to the people of the other sex(3). The followings are the findings. 1) 46.2% of the students have boy or girl freinds, and the rate of the men(46.7%) is similar to that of the woman(45.9%) 2) They've met boy or girl freinds with blind dates, clubs, lecture rooms, computer chatting as starts. 3) Financial power, personality, apperance, family, affection, religion and sence of value are importante in this acquaintance. 4) Thy've got some advantages from this acquaintance such as healthy relationship with others(27.3%), understanding of the people of the other sex(19.1%), mature formation of personality(18.8%) and clearing up loneliness. The students in lower grades say that healthy relationship with others and understanding of the people of the other sex are most advantages from it, but in higher grades mature formation of personality and clearing up loneliness are the advantages. 5) The differances in characters(54.7%), deficiency in people's understanding(10.9%) and financial difficulties (7.1%) are the hardest problems in intersexsual acquaintance. 6) In this acquaintance, the main advisors are friends(80.2%), whereas only 13.8% get advice from their parents, teachers and professional adviors. 7) In the decision of boy or girl friends, the rate that shows their own decision(88.9%) is the highest. A great number of men(95.0%) compared with women(85.7%) make their own decisions, and the rate of the women who have talks with their friends or parents is greater than that of the men. 8) The most important conditions are personality(42.8%), affection(39.0%), prospect(4.8%) and religion(2.6%), The men and women each have taken affection and personality as the first. 9) They want intersexsual acquaintance because of their growth(30.8%), extensive lives(24.2%)and healthy relationship with others(14.5%). 10) 82.6% think that boy or girl friends are different from lovers, whereas only 16.8% have the opposite idea. More women than men think the relationship - boy or girl friends and lovers - are different. 11) Sense of value(45.8%), communication(18.5%), etc.(7.7%), skinship(5.2%), home background(3.7%), occupational consciousness(2.3%) and religion(2.0%) are the conflicts in intersexsual acquaintance. 12) If they are to receive education to make the relationship better, they expect it trough programs, and want to know most about their own growth(19.0%), the formation of truth(18.2%), conversation technique(16.7%), healthy consciousness of the people of the other sex(14.4%), understanding of conflicts(13.8%), sense of value that is in common(10.3%) and knowledge about the relationship with the people of the other sex(6.8%) Judging from these findings, intersexsual acquaintance has some merits in students' mental state and scholastic achivement, whereas many students undergo difficulties. So we need guidance professors' deep condcern as well as the endeavor of the institutions for student guidance.

TNF-α 유전자로 형질전환된 효모의 성장양태 및 단백질 생산

심두희,이진옥,이동근,이재화 신라대학교 자연과학연구소 2004 自然科學論文集 Vol.13 No.-

사람 TNF-a를 생산하도록 GPD promoter와 AG promoter로 형질전환된 S. cerevisiae가 보이는 성장양상, 총분비단백질, pretease 활성을 측정하였다. GPD promoter로 형질전환 된yeast는 63.6 g/L의 성장이 일어났고 총분비단백질은 9 mg/L이며, pretease 활성은 2.55 X10^(4) unit/L 였다. AG promoter로 형질전환된 yeast의 경우엔 68 g/L의 성장이 측정되고 총분비단백질은 27 mg/L, pretease 활성1.55 X10^(4) unit/L였다. 단백질과 protease 분비량은 세포의 성장과 비례하는 것을 알 수 있었고, GPD promoter로 발현되는 TNF-a의 양은 배양초기에는 검출 한계 이하였고 15시간 이후에 증가하는 양상을 보여 배양 후 35시간째에 가장 많은 양 약 2535 ng/ml 정도가 분비되는 것으로 나타났다. We measured growth, total secreted protein and total secreted protease of transformed Saccharomyces cerevisiae with human TNF-α gene. Two different promoters, GPD promoter and AG promoter, were used for heterologous expression of human TNF-α gene. The growth which transformed TNF-α:GPD promoter was 63.9 g/L and total secreted protein was 9mg/L, protease activity was 2.55 x 10^(4) unit/L. In another case at TNF-α:AG promoter the growth was 68 g/L, total secreted protein was 27 mg/L and protease activity was 1.55 X 10^(4) unit/L. We could know total secreted protein and protease were directly proportional increase with growth. In initial time of culture, we could not see the TNF-α content in GPD promoter but after 15hours the yeast produced TNF-α. The highest level of product of TNF-a was 2535 ng/ml at 35hours after culture.

오존처리가 돈사내 공기의 질에 미치는 영향

김두환,김광위,우종화 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 2001 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.14 No.-

This experiment was conducted to obtain the some basic information about the effects of ozonation on the indoor air quality in swine production facilities. A ozonation system was constructed and operated at average levels of 0.03ppm to improving the air quality in the nursery pig buildings. The results are summarized as follows; 1. The temperature in the nursery pig building were no differences between ozone treatment and control. 2. There were no differences between control and ozone treatment in relative humidity in the nursery pig building. 3. In the nursery pig building, ozone treatment has greatly reduced ammonia levels(up to 40%). 4. The hydrogen sulfide levels in the nursery pig building were no differences between ozone treatment and control. 5. In the nursery pig building, ozone treatment has slightly reduced carbon dioxide levels. The results of this experiment clearly demonstrate that ozonation is effective for the elimination of the malodors associated with indoor air quality in swine production facilities.

Polystyrene 입자 수용액에서 프랙탈 차원에 관한 광산란 실험 연구

강명화,김두철,강창희,현동걸 제주대학교 1994 논문집 Vol.39 No.-

Using light scattering technique, we measured intensities of scattered light from aggregation of polystyrene particles of 114nm in a solution of NaCl in the concentration from 0.15 to 2mol/ℓIntensity data give direct information that aggregated cluster are built with fractal structure ; We find that the value for fractal dimension of aggregation in the fast regime 1.25≤c≤2mol/ℓis 1.55 ±0.05 that is nearly consistent with diffusion-limited-aggregation model, whereas in the slow regime (0.3≤c≤0.5mol/ℓ)the value of fractal dimension is 2.12±0.05 agreed with reaction-limited-aggregation model.