쵸서의 英語에 나타난 强變化 五類動詞의 硏究

朴兜秉 순천대학교 어학연구소 1988 어학연구 Vol.1 No.-

DOO-BYUNG PARK(1988). "A Study on the Strong Verbs of Class V in Chaucer's English", Language Studies, 1, Ⅰ. The purpose of this article is to prove two hypotheses. The first is that the strong verbs of class Ⅴ in chaucer's English did not change to weak verbs as in the other works of the same period and the second is that the forms of the strong verbs are variegated, because Chaucer's english was transitional and the spelling wasn't fixed. The results of the investigation obtained through my reseach and analysis of the 22 strong verbs of class Ⅴ in the Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer edited by F.N.Robinson are as follow. 1. In Chaucer's English there were 22 strong verbs of the class Ⅴ of which 21 verbs had strong forms but only one verb weyen had weak forms. Weyen had already become weak verb before 1400 and even though the 3 verbs fret, weve, wreke among 22 strong verbs had weak forms in Chaucer's time, they kept only strong forms in Chaucer's English. 2. In Chaucer's English strong verbs of class Ⅴ had not forms with a mixture of weak and strong form. 3. In Chaucer's English there were 43 infinitive forms, of which 17 forms had final -n, but 26 forms had final -3. There were 68 past participle forms, of which 29 forms had final -e but 39 forms had final -n. Only 20*(30%)of the past partiaple forms had prefix(i-;6, y;14)but the rest of them had no prefix. 4. The strong verbs of class Ⅴ have retained relatively the good ablaut series in Chaucer's English.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

외국인 이주자의 기본활동 공간에서의 일상생활과 사회적 관계

최병두,박은경 대구대학교 다문화사회정책연구소 2012 현대사회와 다문화 Vol.2 No.1

외국인 이주자들은 경제의 세계화와 교통통신기술의 발달과 같은 거시적 배경 하에서 국제이주를 행하지만, 또한 동시에 자신들이 추구하는 주요한 목적을 실현시키기 위해 수행한다고 할 수 있다. 특히 후자의 입장에서 외국인 이주자들은 자신의 이주 목적을 실현시키기 위해 활동하는 공간, 즉 기본활동 공간에서의 생활과 사회적 관계에 매우 민감할 것으로 간주된다. 이 논문은 외국인 이주자들이 유형별로 이러한 기본활동 공간(즉 결혼이주자의 가정, 단순 및 전문직 이주노동자의 직장, 그리고 외국인 유학생의 학교)에서 어떻게 생활(특히 만족)하는가, 어떻게 사회적 관계를 형성하는가를 설문조사 및 심층면적을 통해 수집된 자료를 분석하고자 한다. 분석 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 결혼이주자의 가정생활은 의사소통, 집안일 처리, 가족생활 문화 적응, 가족생활 전반에 대한 적응에 대해서는 ‘보 통’(5점 척도값, 3) 이상의 만족도를 보였으나, 자녀 양육이 가장 큰 어려움으로 지적되었다. 둘째, 이주노동자의 직장생활은 희망직종, 적정한 업무량, 충분한 임금, 직장 유지 등의 활동에서 ‘보통’ 이상의 만족도를 보였지만, 실제 장시간 노동이 많 았고, 이직 욕구도 강한 것으로 조사되었다. 셋째, 전문직 이주자의 직장 생활은 시설의 편리성, 복지제도, 업무시간 및 업무량, 임금, 업무수행능력 등의 사항에서 ‘대체로 만족’(3.5점) 이상의 만족도를 보였으며, 사회적 관계도 대체로 원활한 것으로 나타났다. 끝으로 외국인 유학생의 대학생활은 대학 내 행정기관 및 편의시설, 장학 및 지원제도, 수업 및 학업, 한국어 교육지원, 기숙사 수용, 교우관계 등에서 ‘보통’이상의 만족도를 보였지만, 의사소통과 외국인 배려 부족 등을 어려움 문제로 지적 했고, 또한 일상적으로나 어려움에 봉착한 상황에서 한국인보다 본국인 친구들과 더 밀접한 관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. Foreign immigrants have carried out their international migration under a structural and global context of economic globalization and disparity between countreis, and of development of transportation and communication technology, but at the same time they have done such a career activity in order to realize their life-long aims. And hence, they are very keen to daily activities(and satisfaction) and social relationship in what can be called ‘basic activity spaces’ where they try to realize their aims of international migration: home space for marriage immigrants, workplace for simple or professional immigrant workers, and university campus for foreign students. This paper is to understand foreign immigrants’ daily activities and social relationship in such a basic space, analyzing data collected through questionnaire and in-depth interviews

Ge_χ(AsSe)_1-χ 非晶質 半導體의 溫度變化에 따른 電氣的 特性 硏究

鄭秉斗 梨花女子大學校 韓國生活科學硏究院 1989 韓國生活科學硏究院 論叢 Vol.43 No.-

Ge-As-Se계의 비정질 유리반도체 Ge_x(AsSe)_1-x을 제작하여 직류 전기 전도도, switching 현상 및 광 흡수도를 측정하였다. X-선 회질 실험결과 각 시료는 비정질임이 확인되었다. 시료의 직류 전기 전도도는 약 203K에서 270K의 온도 범위에서 1.23×10^-2(Ω^-1cm^-1)-1.42×10^-7(Ω^-1cm^-1)였으며 Ge의 농도가 증가함에 따라 직류 전기 전도도는 증가하였고 또한 Ge의 농도가 증가함에 따라 전도도의 활성화에너지는 감소하였다. Switching이 일어나는 임계전기장은 5×10^3V/cm였다. 문턱전압은 주위온도의 증가에 따라 지수 함수적으로 감소하였으며 switching후 공급전압을 감소시켰을 때 시료의 저항값은 증가하였다. 광학적 에너지 gap은 Ge의 농도가 증가함에 따라 0.81eV에서 0.63eV로 감소하였으며 광학적 에너지 gap과 활성화에너지의 차는 Ge의 농도에 관계없이 거의 일정하였다. D.C. elctrical conductivity, switching threshold voltage and optical absorption experiments on Glassy Semiconductor Ge_x(AsSe)_1-x for which the Ge concentration is 5, 10, 15, 20 at. % are investigated. D.C. conductivities are proportional to inverse of temp. and satisfied the relation σ=σ_0exp(-ΔE_a/KT). Over the temp. range from about 203K to 270K, the D.C. conductivity of the investigated samples are 1.23×10^-2(Ω^-1cm^-1)-1.43×10^-2(Ω^-1cm^-1). D.C. conductivity increases with the increase of Ge concentration. And the activation energy of conductivity decreases with the increase of Ge concentration. The critical field of the switching is 5×10^3V/cm at room temperature. The threshold voltage decreases exponentially with increasing ambient temperature. The optical energy gap E^opt_g decreases with the Ge concentration having the value of the range. It is also shown that the value of difference E^opt_g-ΔE_a is independent of Ge concentration.

社會體育擴散을 위한 市民意識再考方案

金柄斗,蔡鶴遠 慶北大學校 體育科學硏究所 1985 체육과학연구지 Vol.1 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to investigate and analyze the citizens' consciousness about the social physical education in the big cities of our country. And the writer is to find a way to populize this movement. The subjects for this investigation were chosen at random among the citizens in Taegu and Kumi. 300 sheets of questionnaire were given to the citizens. And 2697 sheets of them were received from male(1426) and female(1271) citizens. The results of this investigation are as follows: 1. The citizens' consciousness has not been still modernized and the citizens tend to depend on their doctors rather than on the new active leisure sports, which is a passive and conventional way, to keep their health. 2. Only the citizens working in the professional areas and the young generation of them enjoy various kinds of sports. The laborers scarcely do sports, because they do not have enough time and money. And that they do not know the techniques of the sports and the way to enjoy them. Therefore they should be informed of leisure sports through mass media such as TV, radio or newspaper. 3. Most of the citizens spend their spare time on doing passive activities, for example, watching TV, listening to music, reading books, seeing movies. They do not spend their leisure time actively through physical activities. 4. The parks constructed to encourge the citizens' active sporting activity should be improved to function effectively as a park recreation center. 5. The gymnasium and the athletic field built for the citizens have been used exclusively by the athletes. YMCA, YWCA, and the parks in the city do not meet the citizens' requirements, and authorities concerned should pay special attention to this problem. 6. The physical exercises designed for the health of the citizens and the events during the gymnastic week are formal, and considered to be a problem. Proper consideration by the athletic administration should be paid to the people so that they may realize the importance of these things and practice the physical exercises actively. 7. The unoccupied place, the greenbelt, the hill and the rivers in the city can be used as a place to perform athletic activities. The educational facilities and the parks should be improved as a place for the group sporting activities. And experts in social physical education should rationalize the program and the administration of these facilities.

Pseudosynovial Sheath (가골액초)와 Polytetrafluoroethylene (Goretex)를 通한 神經再生의 實驗的 硏究

楊斗炳,趙尙憲,丁銓殷 고려대학교 의과대학 1988 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.25 No.1

The experimental study was performed to determine whether autogenous pseudosynovial sheath and polytetrafluoroethylene (Goretex), teflon-derivatives might serve as a conduit for nerve regeneration. Also, two different experimental conduits were compared with that of normal control group by gross external findings, histologic and electrophysiologic examinations at intervals. The following results were obtained; 1. Effective nerve regeneration was seen through conduits within 2 months (5-mm nerve gap group) and 3 months (10-mm nerve gap group) after repair. 2. Results of nerve conduction study revealed average 75% (Pseudosynovial group) and 33% (Goretex group) of normal control value in case of 5-mrn nerve gap at 3 months after repair. 3. Pseudosynovial sheath group demonstrated more functional recovery and histologic regeneration than Goretex group.

쵸서의 英語에 나타난 强變化 四類動詞의 硏究

朴兜秉 순천대학교 어학연구소 1998 어학연구 Vol.9 No.-

The purpose of this article is to prove two hypotheses. The first is that the strong verbs of class Ⅳ in Chaucer's English did not change to week verbs as in the other works of the same period and the second is that the forms of the same strong verbs are different in the same tenses, because Chaucer's English was transitional language and the spelling wasn't fixed. The results of investigation obtained through my reseach and analysis of the 17 strong verbs of class Ⅳ in The comlete works of Geoffrey Chaucer edited by F. N. Robinson are as follow. 1. In Chaucer's English there were 17 strong verbs of the class Ⅳ which 15 verbs(88%) had only strong forms and 2 verbs(12%) had only week forms. 2. This class kept more verbs that had only strong forms than the other classes of strong verbs in Chaucer's English. 3. The verbs of this class hsd never strong forms besides weak forms enen though the verbs of the other classes in Chaucer's Enghish hsd strong forms besides weak forms. 4. This class have showed that strong verbs had various forms in the same tenses. Now I hace proved the first hypothesis and also the second one. In short these facts have showed that the strong verbs of class Ⅳ in Charcer's English had retained very good ablaut series in Middle English.

學級風土가 學業成就度에 미치는 영향 (서울市 K中學校를 中心으로)

具炳斗 건국대학교 1987 論文集 Vol.24 No.1

This paper attempts to clarify the relation between the classroom climate factors and academic achievement of students. To find out this relationship, the study was conducted using questionary survey. Through questionary survey, theoretical and empirical studies that support the importance of classroom climate influence upon the academic achievement of students were drawn, and investigator had several questions as follows: Are there any differential effects of academic achievement depending on the intermediate factors, such as satisfation, friction, competitiveness, difficulty and cohesiveness? To get answers to the proposed problems, investigator established two main hypotheses and flute supporting hypotheses: 1. There is some relationship between classroom climate factors and academic achievement of student. Some relationship between classroom climate factors and academic achievement of students will be higher. 2. There will be some differential effects on academic achievement depending on intermediate variables. 〈Ⅱ-a〉 Academic achievement will be differently influenced by satisfation. 〈Ⅱ-b〉 Academic achievement will be differently infeuenced by friction. 〈Ⅱ-c〉 Academic achievement will be differently influenced by competitiveness 〈Ⅱ-d〉 Academic achievement will be differently Influenced by difficulty 〈Ⅱ-e〉 Academic achievement will be differently influenced by cohesiveness. To test the above hypotheses, My class Inventory was used to measure levels of classroom climate. This questionaire was distributed to 120 students of K-Junior school In seoul city during the first semester of 1986. The results of tests are as follows: 1. The hypotheses [I] was supported at highly significance level 2. The hypothesis [Ⅱ-a] that academic achievement of students by satisfation was at 0.001 significance level. X2=35.909 df= 1 P〈0.001 3. The hypothesis [Ⅱ-b] that academic achievement of students will be differently influenced by friction was at 0.001 significance bevel. X2 = 35.474 df= 1 P〈0.001 4. The hypothesis [Ⅱ-c] that academic achievement of students by competitiveness was at 0.01 significance level, X2 = 12.763 df= 1 P〈0.01 5. The hypothesis [Ⅱ-d] that academic achievement of students will be differently influenced by difficulty was loot supported at the significance level. X2 = 1.461 df= 1 P〉0.05 6. The hypothesis [Ⅱ-e] that academic achievement of students will be differently influenced by cohesiveness was rejected at the significance level. X2 = 2.782 df= 1 P〉0.05 Based on the above results, it was conculuded that the relationship between the factor of classroom climate and academic achievement of students had high correlation coefficient, but academic achievement was partially influenced by intermediate factors.

社會體育振興을 위한 國民意識 再考方案

金柄斗,蔡鴻遠,安禹洪,李敏炯,申榮吉,金基學,鄭相澤,林銖遠 慶北大學校 體育科學硏究所 1987 체육과학연구지 Vol.3 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to investigate and analyze the nation's consciousness about the social physical education by regional groups(big cityes, middle cityes, farm village, fishing villge). And the researchers are to find a way to populize this movement. These subjects for this investigation were chosen at random among the citizens in four region. 4,450 sheets of questionnaire were given to the citizen. And 3,587(81%) sheets of them were received from male(2,582) and female(975) citizens. The results of this investigation are as follows: 1. The nation's consciousness has not been still modernized and the nation tend to depend on their doctors rather than on the new active leisure sports, which is a passive and conventional way, to keep their health. 2. Most people have spent their leisures on nonactive hobby such as reading, listening to music, and watching TV rather than sports. 3. Most residents pointed out lack of facilities, and needed professional directors and various programs they could participate. 4. The opening of citizen athletic field and the gymnasiums to citizens was needed to recruit the lack of facility, and the participation to commercial sport ws differed by economical status and leisure time, however, they usually participated such activities as table-tennis, swimning and tennis. 5. To activate social physical education, first of all, an expansion of the facilities such as athletic fields and gymnasium is needed under the active support of government. 6. The facilities for young men and the handicapped is insufficient, and to prevent juvenile delinquency and guide them into the right way, we should lead them out to participate sports activity. And the facility for the handicapped is needed too.

各 市·道別 體育人口 底邊擴大가 競技成績에 미치는 影響 : 第58回 全國體典을 中心으로 登錄選手,參加選手,人口,面積에 對해서 Maiely enrolled athletes, in the 58th National Athletic Game and population and area of their provinces

金柄斗 慶北大學校 師範大學 1978 敎育硏究誌 Vol.20 No.-

This paper is to compare the number of atheletes who have been enrolled or participated the National Game and their population and the size of their provinces and analyze their influneces on the game records. The results are as follows. 1. The order at the rate of game records and the area of their provinces is as follows: 1st Pusan 2nd Seoul 3rd Chonpuk 4th Chungpuk 5th Chungnam 6th Gyungki 7th Chonnam 8th Kyungnam 9th Cheju 10th Kyungpuk 11th Gangwon 2. The order at the rate of game records and enrolled atheletes is as follows: 1st Chonnam 2nd Chonpuk 3rd Gangwon 4th Chungpuk 5th Pusan 6th Kyungnam 7th Chungnam 8th Kyungpuk 9th Gyungki 10th Cheju 11th Seoul 3. The order at the rate of game records and population their province is as follows: 1st Chungpuk 2nd Gangwon 3rd Chonpuk 4th Pusan 5th Chungnam 6th Kyungnam 7th Gyungki 8th Cheju 9th Chonnam 10th Kyungpuk 11th Seoul 4. The order at the rate of game records and the participating atheletes in Athetic Game is as follows: 1st Kyungki 2nd Seoul 3rd Chonpuk 4th Pusan 5th Kyungpuk 6th Chonnam 7th Kyungnam 8th Chungnam 9th Chungpuk 10th Gangwon 11th Cheju 5. The order at the rate of enrolled atheletes and the size of their provinces is as follows: 1st Seoul 2nd Pusan 3rd Cheju 4th Kyungki 5th Chungnam 6th Chonpuk 7th Chungpuk 8th Kyungnam 9th Chonnam 10th Kyungpuk 11th Gangwon 6. The order at the rate of the number of enrolled atheletes and population of their province is as follows: 1st Cheju 2nd Chungpuk 3rd Seoul 4th Gangwon 5th Chonpuk 6th Kyungki 7th Chungnam 8th Pusan 9th Kyungnam 10th Kyungpuk 11th Chonnam