EXPERIMENTS ON THE INTERACTION OF WATER SPRAYS WITH POOL FIRES

Han,Yong-Shik,Kim,Myung-Bae,Shin,Hyun-Dong 한국화재소방학회 1997 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1997 No.-

A series of measurements and visualization to investigate the interaction of water sprays with pool fires is presented. Fire source is a small-scale pool burner with methanol, ethanol and gasoline. Measurements of temperatures, <TEX>$O_2$</TEX>, <TEX>$CO_2$</TEX>, and CO concentrations along the plume centerline are carried out to observe pool fire structures without water sprays. Visualization by the Ar-ion laser sheet shows flow pattern of droplets of the sprays above the pool fires. It is observed that in the case of methanol and ethanol, water sprays continuously penetrate into the center of fuel surfaces. The gasoline pool fire allows intermittent penetration of water sprays because of pulsating characteristics of the gasoline flame. To evaluate the cooling effect of the fuel surface by the sprays, the temperature was measured at the fuel surface. As soon as the mists reach the fuel surface of methanol and ethanol, the temperatures of the fuel surface decrease rapidly below the boiling point, and then the fires are extinguished. Due to the application of mist upon the gasoline fire, though the fuel temperature decrease abruptly at the time of the injection, such a rapid decrease do not continue till the extinction point.

Aspergillus nidulans 에서 nsdD 유전자의 cDNA 클로닝

한갑훈,한유정,한동민 원광대학교 생명공학연구소 1995 생명공학연구소보 Vol.3 No.1

In Aspergillus nidulans, Never in Sexual Development(nsdD) gene is required for the early stage of sexual development. A region of the A. nidulans genomic DNA carrying the nsdD gene which complements NsdD19 mutation was isolated by transformation of NsdD19 mutant with a cosmid library. The size of the subcloned gene was about 4kb-long and the plasmid containing the 4kb DNA fragment, pNSD19-SB4, was cloned. 2.5kb and 2. 1kb cDNAs of nsdD gene were obtained from the sexual-development specific cDNA library by plaque hybridization and cloned into pBluescriptⅡ KS+.

영원일대(동강)의 수자원 조사

한진수 ( Jin Su Han ),김동석 ( Dong Seog Kim ) 대구가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 2003 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.1 No.2

한국산 붕어(Carassius auratus)의 초기생활사

한경호,진동수,유동재,백승록,황동식 여수대학교 2001 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

The egg development and morphological development of larvae and juveniles of crucian carp, Carassius auratus (Linnaeus) caught at Bosung River, Chollanam-do, in April to June, 1999 were investigated in the laboratory, Yosu National University. In the spawning season, the nuptial organ was appeared on the opercular region and under region of eye, pectoral fin, ventral fin and lateral line. The egg was transparent of yellowish brown color, demersal of adhesive and sperical in shape, measuring 1.49∼1.63㎜ (mean 1.57㎜, n=50) in diameter. The first hatching was occured in 75 hours 10 minutes after fertilization in water temperature 18.3∼21.7℃. Newly hatched larvae attained mean 4.28㎜ had a big yolk sac and their mouth, and anus were not opened yet. At 5 days after hatching, the larvae attained mean 5.34㎜ and the yolk sac was almost absorded. At 13 days after hatching, the larvae attained mean 7.21㎜. The caudal notocord was flexed 45°upward, and they reached post larvae stage. At 31 days after hatching, the larvae, mean 14.68㎜ in TL reached the juvenile stage with all of the fins formed with complete set of the fin rays (D. ⅩII-11∼15; A. Ⅲ-5∼6; P. 15∼16; V. 1-8).

가축분뇨를 이용한 SCP 생산 균주의 분리 및 균체 단백질 생산

한석균,고유석,안태영,배동훈 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.6

질소원으로서 계분을 이용하는 균주를 선별하고 계분배지에서 균체의 생육속도가 다른 균주에 비하여 우수한 균주를 분리하였다. 형태·생리학적 특성을 기초로 하여 yeast의 분류 기준과 비교하여 본 균주를 Candida sp.로 동정하였으며 본 균주를 Candida sp. D116으로 명명하였다. Poultry feces extract medium에서 4% 농도의 glucose 첨가가 균체 생육에 효과적이었다. D116 균주를 액체 발효하여 균체생산능, 요산 그리고 가용성 단백질의 변화를 조사하였다. 그 결과 약 60시간이 경과하면 액체 발효 배지내의 거의 모든 가용성 단백질 및 요산의 감소를 보였으며 균체생육은 약 36시간 배양하였을 때 최고조에 도달하였고 그 후에는 점차 감소하는 경향을 보였다. SCP의 대량생산의 결과 50%의 계분혼합 배지와 30℃의 배양 온도에서 36시간 배양하여 균주의 생육수준이 3.8×10^9 CFU/ml 농도의 균체를 생산하였고 200 L의 배양액중 약 870 g-dw의 균체를 얻었으며 생산된 군체의 조단백질 함량은 67%이었다. Production of Single Cell Protein from Poultry Feces. Suk-kyun Han, You-Suk Go, Tae-Young Ahn and Dong-Hoon Bal^1*. Deparment of Microbioligy, College of Natural Sciences, Dankook Univerity, Cheonan 330-714 and Research Center for Molecular Microbiology, Seoul Nationa University, Seoul 151-742, Korea, ^1Department of Food Engineering. College of Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714 and Bioproducts Research Center of Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea - From the soil collected form provincial area of South Korea, a microorganisms which have been shown good growth in the minimal poultry feces extract medium was isolated. Supplement of glucose to the poultry feces extract medium helped the complete degraded during the microbial growth. Maximum cell growth (3.8×10^9 CFU/ml) obtained at 36 hours of incubation after inoculation. Uric acid was degraded faster in minimal medium that in the glucose complement medium. VFA (volatile fatty acid), which are known as major compounds of poultry feces odor, were almost removed from the minimal poultry feces extract medium. Glucose supplement to the minimal medium enhanced the growth of microbial cells. Addition of 4% of glucose and 4% of neopeptone to the minimal poultry feces extract medium helped the maximal growth of cells.

Dong-Chun Lecture : Cell-based High Content Screening (HCS) for action modes of drug targets by using systematic deletion mutants of Schizosaccharomyces pombe

( Dong Uk Kim ),( Im Seon Woo ),( Mi Sun Won ),( Young Joo Jang ),( Kyung Sook Chung ),( Han Oh Park ),( Hyang Sook Yoo ),( Kwang Lae Hoe ),( Doo Sik Kim ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2005 생화학분자생물학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

세계적 패러다임 변화에 따른 도심형 한옥의 발전방향에 관한 조사 연구

한종훈(Han, Jong Hun),박미진(Park, Mi, Jin),곽동화(Kwack Dong Wha) 대한건축학회 2012 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.32 No.2

장애인생활체육지도자의 코칭행동 구성 요인 분석

한동기 ( Dong-ki¸ Han ) 한국특수체육학회 2020 한국특수체육학회지 Vol.28 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 장애인생활체육지도자의 코칭행동 구성 요인을 분석하는 것이었다. 이 목적을 달성하기 위해 시도 및 시군구 장애인체육회에 근무하는 장애인생활체육지도자 205명을 연구대상자로 선정하였다. 개방형 설문지를 사용하여 장애인 생활체육 지도의 코칭행동 3가지를 기술하도록 하였으며, 설문 결과 총 603개 반응이 나타났다. 설문 응답 내용은 귀납적 내용분석(inductive content analysis)을 사용하여 분석하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 대영역으로 장애와 프로그램 이해(지식), 체육활동 지도와 실행(기술), 바람직한 인성과 태도(태도) 등 3개 요인이 도출되었다. 중영역으로는 대상자 파악, 체육프로그램 개발 및 계획, 전문적지도 능력, 개별화 교육, 지도 외적 요인, 관계 형성, 적극적 태도 등 7개 요인, 소영역으로는 대상자 특성 파악, 개별화된 지도, 소통 등 31개의 요인이 도출되었다. 장애인생활체육지도자들은 체육활동 지도와 실행(기술)을 가장 중요한 코칭행동 요인으로 생각하고 있었으며, 바람직한 인성과 태도(태도)도 코칭행동의 주된 요인으로 인식하고 있었다. 추후 연구에서는 장애인체육 전문가와 생활체육에 참여하는 장애인들이 생각하는 코칭행동 구성 요인을 파악해 볼 필요가 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that constitute the coaching behaviors of the sports leaders for the disabled. To achieve this goal, 205 sports leaders for the disabled who work at the city, county, and district sports associations for the disabled were selected as subjects for the study. An open questionnaire was used to describe the three coaching behaviors of the physical activities for the disabled, and a total of 603 responses were found as a result of the questionnaire. The contents of the survey responses were analyzed using inductive content analysis, and the results are as follows. Three factors were derived: understanding of disability and programs (knowledge), guidance and execution of physical activities (skills), and desirable personality and attitude (attitude) as major areas. In the middle area, 7 factors including subject characteristics identification of participants, physical activity program development and planning, professional guidance ability, individualized education, factors outside of guidance, relationship formation, active attitude, etc., in small areas, 31 factors such as subject characteristics identification, individualized guidance, and communication was derived. It was found that the sports leaders for the disabled regarded physical activity guidance and execution (skill) as the most important factor, and desirable personality and attitude (attitude) were also recognized as the main factors of coaching behavior in physical activity guidance. In future studies, you may need to identify the components of coaching behaviors that are thought of by professionals in disability sports and those with disabilities participating in life sports.

각종 난치성 혈액 질환에서의 비혈연간 골수이식

김동욱,한훈,김정아,김희제,민창기,엄현석,최정현,이종욱,한치화,홍영선,최일봉,신완식,민우성,김학기,김춘추,김원일,김동집 대한조혈모세포이식학회 1997 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.2 No.1

목적: 비혈연간 골수이식은 혈연내에 적절한 골수공여자가 없는 만성골수성백혈병, 고위험군의 급성별혁병, 면역억제치료에 실패한 재생불량성빈혈 및 각종 난치성 조혈모세포질환의 완치를 위한 표준적인 치료방법으로 정착되고 있다. 혈연간 표준적인 동종 이식에 비하여 비혈연간 이식시에는 생착부전, 이식편대숙주반응과 감염이 더 빈번하게 발생하며, 국내에서는 아직까지 체계적인 임상연구결과가 보고된 바 없었다. 이에 본 센터에서는 1995년 10월 이후로 약 20개월간 26예의 비혈연간 골수이식을 시행하였으며 3개월 이상의 추적관찰이 가능하여 이식초기 합병증의 관찰 및 분석이 가능하였던 20예의 환자를 대상으로 이식성적 및 문제점을 보고함으로써 새롭게 확대되고 있는 이 분야의 임상연구 및 진료의 활성화를 꾀하고자 한다. 방법: 각종 혈액 종양질환으로 비혈연간 이식을 시행한 총 26예의 환자중 3개월이상의 추적관찰이 가능하였던 20예를 대상으로 후향적으로 임상경과를 분석한 후 생존 분석을 시행하였고, 환자의 연령, 성별, 질병의 상태, 조식 적합 항원의 일치정도, 이식편대 숙주 반응의 유무와 생존기간과의 상관관계를 살펴보았다. 또한 표준위험군과 고위험군으로 나누어 생존율을 비교하였고 이식과 관계된 생착 부전, 이식편대숙주반응, 감염의 발생과 양상 그리고 그 합병증을 관찰하였다. 결과: 1. 환자와 공여자간에 HLA 불일치가 20예 중 4예에서 있었으며, 생착여부의 확인이 가능했던 17예 중 16예에서 생착이 확인되어 94.1%의 생착율을 보였다. 2. 급성이식편대숙주반응은 62.5%(10/16예)에서 발생하였으며 111도 이상의 급성의 이식편대숙주 반응은 25%(4/16예)에서 발생하였다. 만성이식편대숙주반응은 40%(2/5예)의 환자에서 발생하였으며 이들 모두 국소형으로 중증의 진행형 만성이식편대숙주반응이 관찰된 환자는 없었다. 3. 호흡기 합병증은 10예(50%)에서 발생하였으며 감염성 폐렴을 포함한 호흡기 합병증이 가장 흔한 일차적인 사망 원인이었다. 호흡기 합병증이 발생했던 10예중 6예가 감염에 의한 폐렴이 의심되었고 나머지 4예는 특발성 간질성 폐렴이었다. 4. 8.5개월의 중앙추적기간 중 35%의 생존율을 관찰할 수 있었고, 생존기간은0.5개월에서 15개월 (중앙치:4개월)이었다. 한편 고위험군은 25%(3/12예), 표준위험군은 50%(4/8)의 생존율을 관찰할 수 있었다. 5. 가장 흔한 사망 원인은 감염성 폐렴을 포함한 호흡기 합병증(6예)이었고, 이외의 사망 원인으로는 급성 이식편대숙주반응과 다장기부전이 각각 2예, 생착 부전, 간정맥 폐쇄, 그리고 재발이 각각 1예였다. Unrelated bone marrow transplantation(UBMT) has been increasingly recognized as the standard treatment for cure of chronic myelogenous leukemia, high risk acute leukemia, aplastic failed on immunotherapy, and the variety of refractory hematologic diseases in patients lacking a related donor. However, as compared to HLA identical sibing transplantation, UBMT carries higher incidence of graft failure, graft versus host disease(GVHD), and infection. In our center, 26 patients underwent UMBT between October 1995 and June 1997. The minimum follow-up of 3 months was possible in 20 patients, for whom early complications and clinical outcomes were assessed. The median age of the 20 patients was 24 years. 8 patients had standard risk disease and 12 patients had high risk disease. All patients received various preparative regimens including total body irradiation according to disease and disease status. 19 patients received CsA + short course MTX for GVHD prophylaxis. One patient received marrow that was depleted of T cells ex vivo using avidinbiotin column. The class I loci were typed by serological methods and HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-DRB1. 3 additional pairs were one minor mismatched at the HLA-B locus. Another one patients was one major mismatched at the DRBI alleles. 17 patients were evaluable for engraftment. Successful enfraftment was confirmed in 16 patients(94.1%). Only one patient who was performed one major DRBI mismatched transplants experienced graft rejection. 16 patients were evaluable for acute GVHD. The overall incidence of acute GVHD developed in 4 patients(25%). Five patients were evaluable for the development of Ⅳ acute GVHD developed in 4 patients (25%). Five patients were evaluanle for the development of chronic GVHD. 2 patients(40%) developed limited chronic GVHD. Respiratory complications including pulmonary infection developed in 10 patients(50%) and these complications were the most common primary cause of death. Of these 10patients, 6 had pneumonia due to fungus(4 patients), pacterial (1 patient), and CMV infection (1 patient) and 4(20%) had idiopathic interstitial pneumonitis and/or adult respiratory distress syndrome. The duration of median follow- up was 8.5 months and 7 of 20 patients(35%) are alive at the time of this analysis with survival duration of 0.5 to 15 months(median survival duration: 4 months). The overall survival was 25% (3/12 patients) in high risk group and 50%(4/8 patients) in standard group. From these results, we can predict that the incidence and severity of GVHD in Korea are lesser than multiracial countries and the long-term survival of patients with standard risk disease can approach that of HLA matched sibling transplants. For the past two years, the performance of UBMT has been rapidly increasing and it will be possible to analyze much larger number of patients soon in Korea. In the future the problems of graft failure, GVHD, and infection due to long lasting immunocompromised status will need to be overcome by continued medical research. In addition, the volunteer donor pool will have to be expanded by the promotion of the national awareness of its need.

제주방언(濟州方言) 청자(聽者) 경어법(敬語法)의 형태 원리

한동완 ( Han Dong-wan ) 한국어문교육연구회 2002 어문연구(語文硏究) Vol.30 No.3

이 글은 韓東完(1988)에서 설정된 韓國語의 聽者 敬語法 原理가 濟州 方言에도 적용 가능한가를 검토한 논의이다. 제주 방언의 聽者 敬語法 等級speech level에는 ‘□서體’, ‘□여體’, ‘□리體’가 있는데, ‘□여體’와 ‘□라體’는 어말어미의 意味기능 차이에 의해 聽者 待遇의 效果的 意味가 달라진 것으로 설명하였다. ‘□서體’는 선어말어미 ‘-우-’系列과 ‘-(으)ㅂ-’系列의 두 가지가 있는데, ‘-우-’系列은 사적으로 볼 때 중세국어의 ‘-□-’과 ‘-이-’의 결합형에서 발전한 것으로, 그리고 ‘-(으)ㅂ-’系列은 ‘-□-’에 遡及되는 것으로 설명하였다. 그리하여 제주 방언에도 韓國語의 청자 경어법 원리가 그대로 適用 可能하다는 것을 밝힐 수 있었다. 따라서 청자 경어법의 문법 범주에 있어서 제주 방언도 한국어의 일반적이고 보편적인 원리에 例外가 아니라는 것을 확인한 셈이다. The purpose of this article is to test whether principles of Korean humble honorifics proposed by Han, Dong-wan(1988) can be applied to the humble honorifics of Jeju Dialect or not. The speech levels of the humble honorifics of Jeju Dialect are divided to three levels: ‘hΛp-s□’ [Level Ⅰ], ‘hΛ-y□’[Level Ⅱ], and ‘hΛ-ra’[Level Ⅲ]. Level Ⅱ is considered to be higher than Level Ⅲ due to the different meanings of final endings used; Level Ⅰ is thought to be the highest. In Level I, there are two pre-final endings, ‘-u-’ and ‘-(i)p-’. In the paper it is argued ‘-u-’ and ‘-(i)p-’ were developed from the complex endings ‘-sΛp-’ and ‘-ŋi-’, and ‘-sΛp-’, respectively, all of which were pre-final endings of humble honorifics in Middle Korean. That is why ‘-u-’ and ‘-(i)p-’ can be the form of highest humble honorifics. It is concluded that the principles for Korean humble hornofics are true of the humble honorifics Jeju Dialect as well.