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Dimitar Slavkow 대한신경손상학회 2022 Korean Journal of Neurotrauma Vol.18 No.2
This article reviews the case of a 65-year-old patient with unstable L1 fracture after trauma. The fracture was treated via balloon kyphoplasty, shortly after which the patient developed shortness of breath and severe headache. Subsequent computed tomography (CT) of the head revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage. CT angiography did not reveal any intracranial aneurysms or arteriovenous malformations. A massive spinal subdural hematoma, which caused the patient to develop right leg paresis and hip joint weakness with grade 2–3, was found during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The hematoma was removed using multi-stage laminectomy Th5-L3. A follow-up MRI showed no pathological findings. Due to the unusual findings, spinal angiography was performed, revealing the artery of Adamkiewicz (A. radicularis magna, AKA) on the L1 level on the right side. Control CT showed a suboptimal insertion of the needle into the right pedicle, which caused the injury of the artery. AKA is present in the majority of the population, and surgical attention should be paid to avoid injury. Surgeons operating on the thoracolumbar spinal cord should have a thorough understanding of the anatomical features and surgical implications of this artery.
KEEPING YOUR HEAD DOWN: PUBLIC PROFILES AND PROMOTION UNDER AUTOCRACY
Dimitar D. Gueorguiev,Paul J. Schuler 동아시아연구원 2016 Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.16 No.1
During recent party congresses in China and Vietnam, two highly anticipated candidates for promotion were sidelined. In China, Bo Xilai was arrested for corruption and stripped of his party membership. In Vietnam, Nguyen Ba Thanh remained a provincial leader with little opportunity for promotion to the Politburo. Existing arguments about promotions under authoritarian rule are unable to explain these outcomes. In particular, both candidates were competent and well connected. This cuts contrary to the expectations of both performance-based promotion and factional promotion theories. We argue that these candidates were sidelined due to a previously under-theorized factor in promotion contests—their ability to mobilize personal followings. Amidst a literature that has focused almost exclusively on intra-elite conflict, we argue that elite–mass linkages are critical. In particular, the public profile of top leaders is important for regime legitimacy and mobilization. However, when individuals become exceptionally well known they become threats to the single-party system. We test this argument on promotions in China's 18th Party Congress in 2012 and Vietnam's 11th Party Congress in 2011, using original data on Internet search queries and media coverage among contenders for promotion. Our approach offers new insights into the strategies authoritarian politicians use to stay afloat as well as the mistakes that sink them when competing for power under one-party rule.
Assessment of the Human Interaction with HOPE Rehabilitation Robot
Dimitar Stefanov,Yuli Toshev 한국과학기술원 인간친화 복지 로봇 시스템 연구센터 2002 International Journal of Assistive Robotics and Me Vol.3 No.4
Present paper concerns an evaluation of the head-operated rehabilitation robot HOPE that was developed at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. In order to assess the robot performance and to improve it in our next design, we tried to formulate some criteria for quantitative assessment of the applied human-machine interface and to make some preliminary tests of the applied control algorithm in order to investigate it suitability for users with movement disorders. Based on analysis of the intentional head motions performed by the operator for control of the robot, current robot evaluation aims at assessment of user’s ability for fine positioning of the gripper and evaluation of the errors due to the distance between the user’s head and the robotic gripper. The SYDEK system (also developed at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences), was utilized for the tests. A special head-tracking system and a test bed for assessment of fine force dosage were additionally designed for the purpose of the experiments. The test results show that users can easily learn how to control the robot. The robot algorithm, based on the end-effector control strategy, significantly reduces the cognitive efforts of the users, enabling them simultaneous control of up to three degrees of freedom.
Strong Fans, Weak Campaigns: Social Media and Duterte in the 2016 Philippine Election
Aim Sinpeng,Dimitar Gueorguiev,Aries A. Arugay 동아시아연구원 2020 Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.20 No.3
The 2016 presidential contest is widely considered as the first “social media election” in the Philippines. At the same time, it remains unclear if or how social media helped Rodrigo Duterte mobilize voters to gain victory. There are three main social media campaigning models: broadcast, grassroots, and self-actualizing. Analysis of twenty million activities and 39,942 randomly sampled comments across the official Facebook pages of key presidential candidates supports the grassroots model as Duterte’s profile was the most engaged, even if Duterte himself was not actively engaged. Such inconsistencies raise the prospect that Duterte’s online prominance was fabricated by paid trolls and fake accounts. Instead, our analysis suggests that Duterte’s digital fanbase was, at least in part, a reflection of offline, grassroots political support. In particular, data from an original survey of 621 respondents suggests that Duterte supporters were not only aggressive in their support for Duterte online, they were also more committed to him offline as well. These findings add to a growing literature on social media and politics that seeks to understand the broader ecosystem of online political discourse, rather than focusing on the actions and strategies of political campaigns. They also underscore the fine line between fabricated support and genuine political fervor.