http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Dhiraj Kumar,Zhenli Sun,Guangli Cao,Renyu Xue,Xiaolong Hu,Chengliang Gong 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.2
The wild silkworm B. mandarina is living in the natural environment has a strong stress resistance and adaptability after harsh natural selection. The indoor rearing or domestication of the wild silkworm under artificial custody for long period deteriorates stress resistance and ecological adaptability. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of artificial domestication and evolutionary pressure on the gut bacterial diversity of B. mandarina and B. mori. The intestinal content of 6th day of fifth instar B. mandarina and B. mori larvae were analyzed by sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene through Illumina miseq sequencing technology. The outcome of the study revealed that abundance of predominant bacteria of phylum Firmicutes were respectively 81.40% and 81.85% in the late fifth instar silkworm larvae (6th day) of B. mandarina and B. mori. In Firmicutes, abundance of predominant bacterial genus Enterococcus in B. mandarina (69.73%) was comparatively higher than B. mori (48.99%). The genus Advenella belongs to phylum Proteobacteria was recorded only in B. mandarina (11.54%). The abundance of Unclassified_Peptostreptococcaceae, Methanobrevibacter, Ignatzschineria, Petrimonas and Proteiniphilum in B. mandarina were between 0.12 and 0.17%, nevertheless, these bacterial genera were not detected in B. mori. The abundance of genera Lactococcus, Bacillus and Pseudomonas in B. mori (17.73%, 5.02%, and 1.61%) were remarkably higher than B. mandarina (0.15%, 0.54% and 0.45%). These results indicated that substantial difference was observed between the intestinal bacteria of B. mori and B. mandarina population, and structure of the intestinal bacteria could be affected by the artificial domestication and evolutionary pressure.
Dhiraj Maskey(마스키 디라즈),In-young Choi(최인영),Ki-Sup Park(박기섭),Jonu Pradhan(프라단 조누),Young Bok Yoo(유영복) 대한체질인류학회 2009 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.22 No.4
현대 널리 보급된 무선 휴대폰의 사용은 이로 인해 발생하는 전자기파가 뇌와 신경계통에 미칠 생물학적 영향은 중요 관심사이지만, 아직까지 많은 연구가 진행되지 않았다. 전자기파의 방출로 인해 신경계통에 미치는 영향으로 여러 연구에서 뇌의 여러 부분에서의 신경세포수의 감소, 신경세포의 손상 등을 보고하였다. 그러나, 아직까지 행동을 관장하는 소뇌부분에 관한 어떤 연구도 진행되지 않아 본 연구에서 생체 항상성을 유지하는 데 중요한 이온인 칼슘의 물질대사에 중요한 역할을 하는 calbindin D28k (CB)와 calretinin (CR)의 항체를 이용하여 면역 염색학적인 방법으로 생쥐의 소뇌에서 835 ㎒전자기파 방출이 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. CB와 CR 특이 항체에 대한 면역염색성은 835 ㎒의 전자기장에 서로 다른 시간 동안 노출시킨 후 시행하였는데, 사용한 실험조건은 1.6W/㎏ 에서 하루 1시간씩 5일 동안 노출된 군, 4.0W/㎏에서 하루 1시간씩 5일 동안 노출된 군, 1.6W/㎏에서 하루 5시간씩 하루 동안 노출된 군, 4.0W/㎏에서 하루 5시간씩 하루 동안 노출된 군, 그리고 1.6 W/㎏ 에서 한달 동안 8시간씩 매일 노출된 군을 이용했다. CB의 면역반응성은 조롱박세포에서 현저하게 관찰되었으며, 가지돌기와 먼쪽 축삭들에서도 관찰되었다. 1.6W/㎏에서 5일 동안 전자기파에 노출된 경우 CB의 면역반응성이 감소하였고, CR의 면역반응성은 주로 과립층의 작은세포들에 국한되었으며, 면역반응성은 한 달간 노출된 군에서 염색성이 증가되었으며, 조롱박세포층에서는 어떤 세포도 염색된 것을 관찰할 수 없었다. 따라서, 본 연구는 835 ㎒ 전자기파에 장기간 지속적으로 생체가 노출되면 신경계통에서 물질대사의 항상성을 유지하는 칼슘농도의 변화를 초래해, 소뇌에서의 칼슘대사 이상으로 인한 병적인 행동을 유발할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였다. Widespread use of mobile phones and subsequent electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure have raised crucial question of their possible biological effects on the nervous system. The study on the effect of radiofrequency (RF) radiation on the nervous system, however, did not precede enough to determine the biological hazard to brain. Until now, several studies have reported decreases in neuron number and neuronal damage in the cortex, hippocampus, and basal ganglia in the brains of animals exposed to RF radiation. However, there were few reports about the cerebellum, the main voluntary motor control center. In this regard, by using immunohistochemisty, current study intended to investigate the changes in the calbindin D28k (CB) and calretinin (CR)-immunoreactivity (IR) in the mouse cerebellar cortex after EMF exposure at 835 ㎒ for different exposure times and absorption rates, 1h/day for 5 days at 1.6 W /㎏, 1 h/day for 5 days at 4.0 W /㎏, 5 h/day for 1 day at 1.6 W /㎏, 5 h/day for 1 day at 4.0 W /㎏, daily exposure for one month at 1.6 W /㎏. Among groups, most prominent CB IR was observed in the Purkinje cell layer followed by molecular and granular layer. The highest CB IR was noted in 5 h/day for 1 day at 1.6 W /㎏ in the entire three layers while the lowest was noted in one month at 1.6 W /㎏. Similarly CR IR was maximum in one month at 1.6 W /㎏ whilst the lowest was observed in 1 h/day for 5 days at 4.0W/㎏. EMF exposure for 5 days at 1.6 W/㎏ reduced CB-IR. The CR-IR was mainly localized in small cells in the granular layer, with maximum IR observed after one month exposure. Therefore, the present study suggest the possibility of alterations of calcium ion concentration, which playa role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis, in the cerebellum after long-term exposure to 835 ㎒ of RF radiation, which might lead to the disruption of normal trait.
Dhiraj Kumar Chaudhary,Rishikesh Bajagain,Seung-Woo Jeong,Jaisoo Kim 대한환경공학회 2020 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.25 No.3
A large residual fraction of aliphatic components of diesel prevails in soil, which has adverse effects on the environment. This study identified the most bio-recalcitrant aliphatic residual fraction of diesel through total petroleum-hydrocarbon fractional analysis. For this, the strain Acinetobacter sp. K-6 was isolated, identified, and characterized and investigated its ability to degrade diesel and n-alkanes (C18, C20, and C22). The removal efficiency was analysed after treatment with bacteria and nutrients in various soil microcosms. The fractional analysis of diesel degradation after treatment with the bacterial strains identified C18-C22 hydrocarbons as the most bio-recalcitrant aliphatic fraction of diesel oil. Acinetobacter sp. K-6 degraded 59.2% of diesel oil and 56.4% of C18-C22 hydrocarbons in the contaminated soil. The degradation efficiency was further improved using a combinatorial approach of biostimulation and bioaugmentation, which resulted in 76.7% and 73.7% higher degradation of diesel oil and C18-C22 hydrocarbons, respectively. The findings of this study suggest that the removal of mid-length, non-volatile hydrocarbons is affected by the population of bio-degraders and the nutrients used in the process of remediation. A combinatorial approach, including biostimulation and bioaugmentation, could be used to effectively remove large quantities of aliphatic hydrocarbons persisting for a longer period in the soil.
Stress and strain analysis of functionally graded plates with circular cutout
Dhiraj, Vikash Singh,Jadvani, Nandit,Kalita, Kanak Techno-Press 2016 Advances in materials research Vol.5 No.2
Stress concentration is an interesting and essential field of study, as it is the prime cause of failure of structural parts under static load. In the current paper, stress and strain concentration factors in unidirectional functionally graded (UDFGM) plate with central circular cutout are predicted by carrying out a finite element study on ANSYS APDL platform. The present study aims to bridge the lacuna in the understandings of stress analysis in perforated functionally graded plates. It is found that the material variation parameter is an important criterion while designing a perforated UDFGM plate. By selecting a proper material variation parameter and direction of material gradation, the stress and strain concentrations can be significantly reduced.
Protein Adsorption Characteristics and Inflammatory Response of Lipoplexes of DNA and si-RNA
Dhiraj Bhavsar,Lakshmi Narashimhan Ramana,Krishnakumar Subramanian,Swaminathan Sethuraman,Uma Maheswari Krishnan 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2015 NANO Vol.10 No.4
Objective: A major limitation in gene delivery applications employing nanocarriers is the inflammatory response elicited when administered in vivo. The mode of complexation of the oligonucleotide with the carrier can alter its interactions with biomolecules, a fact that has not been explored for lipoplexes hitherto. Materials: Liposomes prepared by thin film hydration were used to form lipoplexes of si-RNA and DNA, which exhibited a smaller size and a shift toward negative zeta potential when compared with blank liposomes. Results: The oligonucleotides wrap over the liposome surface and the surface coverage depends on the number of base pairs. The colloidal stability, protein resistance and cell uptake of lipoplexes were found to be dependent on surface charge and PEG. The lipoplexes with si-RNA did not induce cytokine production in BALB/c mice. Conclusion: The results highlight the importance of PEGylation for achieving good protein resistance without compromising cell uptake and therapeutic efficiency.