The Hindu.Moslem Divide and The Way to Indian Independence

Den?se K?hler 부산외국어대학교 사회과학연구소 1987 社會科學論叢 Vol.2 No.-

1947년 8월 15일 영령인도제국은 인도와 파키스탄으로 분리되어 해체되었다. 인도와 파키스탄의 정치적•경제적 배경은 공통적인 것이었으나 힌두교와 이슬람교라는 종교적 이유 때문에 두개의 국가로 분리되어 독립한 것이다. 힌두-무슬림의 대립은 인도 민족주의의 발생기인 1900년대 초부터 시작되었다. 즉, 영국인들과 접촉이 빈번했었던 힌두들은 서구의 각종 문물을 쉽게 받아들여 새로운 시대의 중산층으로 등장했고 민족주의 운동의 중심세력으로 성장하였지만 영국인들을 배척했었던 이슬림교도들은 상대적인 낙후세력우로 전락할 수 밖에 없었다. 또 영국인들의 의도적인 분리 통치 (Divide and Rule) 정책은 이 두 집단 사이의 적대감을 더욱 심화시켰고 이 상황은 1905년 무슬림연맹이 창설됨으로써 노골화 되었다. 1947년까지의 독립투쟁 기간중 무슬림연맹은 영국에 대항하였다기 보다는 힌두가 중심인 국민회의파에 저항했었다고 해도 과언이 아니다. 1920년대의 비협력운동, 1939년의 전쟁비협력운동 등에서도 무슬림연맹은 오히려 영국측에 서서 국민회의파에 대항함으로써 인도 민족주의 운동을 혼란시켰다. 1947년 분리독립은 1920년대초 영국에 유학중이던 몇몇 이슬람교도들의 착상에서 부터 비롯된 것이었다. 이 착상은 곧 많은 이슬람 정치가들의 지지를 받았고 이것이 모하메드 · 알리 • 지나와 자와하랄 • 네루의 정치적 타협에 의하여 실현된 것이다. 마하트마 · 간디는 분리독립의 마지막 순간까지 이것을 반대하였지안 그의 반대는 이상론에 불과하다고 묵살당했다.

Pre-Emptive Tramadol Could Reduce Pain after Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy

Nataša Denčić,Ana Mimić,Jelena Jovičić,Jelena Mirković,Otaš Durutović,Dragica Milenković-Petronić,Nebojša Lađević 연세대학교의과대학 2014 Yonsei medical journal Vol.55 No.5

Purpose: Optimal analgesia in ambulatory urology patients still remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to examine if the pre-emptive use of intravenous tramadol can reduce pain after ureteroscopic lithotripsy in patients diagnosed with unilateral ureteral stones. Materials and Methods: This prospective pilot cohort study included 74 patients diagnosed with unilateral ureteral stones who underwentureteroscopic lithotripsy under general anesthesia in the Urology Clinic at the Clinical Center of Serbia from March to June 2012. All patients were randomly allocatedto two groups: one group (38 patients) received intravenous infusion of tramadol 100 mg in 500 mL 0.9%NaCl one hour before the procedure, while the other group (36 patients) received 500 mL 0.9%NaCl at the same time. Visual analoguescale (VAS) scores were recorded once prior to surgery and two times after the surgery (1 h and 6 h, respectively). The patients were prescribed additional postoperative analgesia (diclofenac 75 mg i.m.) when required. Pre-emptive effectsof tramadol were assessed measuring pain scores, VAS1 and VAS2, intraoperativefentanyl consumption, and postoperative analgesic requirement. Results: The average VAS1 score in the tramadol group was significantly lower than that in the non-tramadol group. The difference in average VAS2 score values between the two groups was not statistically significant; however, there were more patients who experienced severe pain in the non-tramadol group (p<0.01). The number of patients that required postoperative analgesia was not statistically different betweenthe groups. Conclusion: Pre-emptive tramadol did reduce early postoperativepain. The patients who received pre-emptive tramadol were less likely to experiencesevere post-operative pain. Purpose: Optimal analgesia in ambulatory urology patients still remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to examine if the pre-emptive use of intravenous tramadol can reduce pain after ureteroscopic lithotripsy in patients diagnosed with unilateral ureteral stones. Materials and Methods: This prospective pilot cohort study included 74 patients diagnosed with unilateral ureteral stones who underwentureteroscopic lithotripsy under general anesthesia in the Urology Clinic at the Clinical Center of Serbia from March to June 2012. All patients were randomly allocatedto two groups: one group (38 patients) received intravenous infusion of tramadol 100 mg in 500 mL 0.9%NaCl one hour before the procedure, while the other group (36 patients) received 500 mL 0.9%NaCl at the same time. Visual analoguescale (VAS) scores were recorded once prior to surgery and two times after the surgery (1 h and 6 h, respectively). The patients were prescribed additional postoperative analgesia (diclofenac 75 mg i.m.) when required. Pre-emptive effectsof tramadol were assessed measuring pain scores, VAS1 and VAS2, intraoperativefentanyl consumption, and postoperative analgesic requirement. Results: The average VAS1 score in the tramadol group was significantly lower than that in the non-tramadol group. The difference in average VAS2 score values between the two groups was not statistically significant; however, there were more patients who experienced severe pain in the non-tramadol group (p<0.01). The number of patients that required postoperative analgesia was not statistically different betweenthe groups. Conclusion: Pre-emptive tramadol did reduce early postoperativepain. The patients who received pre-emptive tramadol were less likely to experiencesevere post-operative pain.

Importance of Mechatronics in Maritime Education

Yalçın DURMUŞOĞLU,Cengiz DENİZ,Y. Volkan Aydoğdu,A. Atıl TALAY 한국항해항만학회 2012 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.공동학술

婦人의 權利

Denning, A. 梨花女子大學校 法政大學 1963 法政學報 Vol.6 No.-

Effect of Dietary Addition of Turkish Propolis on the Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Serum Variables of Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

Denli, Muzaffer,Cankaya, S.,Silici, S.,Okan, F.,Uluocak, A.N. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.6

We examined the effect of dietary Turkish propolis and flavomycin on growth performance, carcass characteristics, internal organ weights and some serum variables in quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) birds. One hundred and fifty day-old quails were randomly divided into five groups, with ten replicate pens per treatment and three birds per pen. One group received the basal diet (antibiotic-free), the control. The flavomycin at 10 mg/kg diet and propolis at 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/kg diet were added to the basal diet. Body weight gain, feed consumption and feed efficiency were determinated weekly. Carcass characteristics, internal organ weights and serum variables were determinated at the end of the study (35 day). The results showed that body weight gain, feed efficiency and carcass weight were improved significantly (p<0.01) when compared to control group for birds fed diets containing propolis and flavomycin between 14 to 35 days. The addition of 1 g/kg propolis to the diet resulted in significantly (p<0.01) better-feed efficiency as compared to control and other treatment groups. There were no significant differences in carcass yield, abdominal fat, liver gizzard, proventriculus and intestinal weight and intestinal pH among the groups. In addition, serum ALP, total protein, uric acid, cholesterol and triglyceride were not influenced by the any supplementation. However, birds fed with propolis tended to have higher serum HDL and lower level than birds fed the control diet. In conclusion, supplementation of propolis and flavomycin during the growth period showed similar effects on growth performance in quail. Therefore, it can serve as a natiral substitute for antibiotics in poultry diets.

Isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies of dye removal from wastewater solution using leach waste materials

DEN, Muhammed Kamil O,ONGAR, Sezen KUC UKC Techno-Press 2019 Advances in environmental research Vol.8 No.1

In this study, Malachite Green (MG) dye removal from synthetic wastewaters by adsorption process using raw boron enrichment waste (BEW) and it's modifications (with acid and ultrasound) were aimed. 81% MG removal was obtained by BEW at optimum equilibrium conditions (time: 40 min., dosage: 500 mg/dm³, pH: 5-6, speed: 200 rpm, 298 K). MG removal from wastewaters using acid modified boron enrichment waste (HBEW) was determined as 82% at optimum conditions (time: 20 min., dosage: 200 mg/dm³, pH: 10, speed: 200 rpm, 298 K). For ultrasound modified BEW (UBEW), the highest MG removal percent was achieved as 84% at optimum conditions (time: 30 min, dosage: 375 mg/ dm³, pH: 8, speed: 200 rpm, 298 K). The equilibrium data of Malachite Green was evaluated for BEW, HBEW and UBEW adsorbents by using sorption isotherms such as Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models, out of which Langmuir model (R² = 0.971, 0.987 and 0.984) gave better correlation and maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 147.05, 434.78 and 192.30 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation for sorption of MG onto wastes. A look at thermodynamic data reveals that natural sorption is spontaneous and endothermic because of free negative energy exchange and positive change in enthalpy, respectively. The results indicated that boron enrichment waste, and HCl and ultrasound-modified boron enrichment waste served as good alternative adsorbents in dye removal from wastewater.

An Empirical Study on the Efficiency of Container Terminals in Russian and Korean Ports using DEA models

Den, Mariia,Nah, Ho-Soo,Shin, Chang-Hoon Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research 2016 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.40 No.5

The steady growth of seaborne trade has resulted in the further development of container ships, ports, and container terminals, and the operating efficiency of a container terminal is a decisive element for its competitive ability in international markets. The aim of this research is to evaluate the relative efficiency of Russian and South Korean container terminals. For this purpose, the output-oriented DEA was applied to 31 container terminals of Russian and South Korean seaports for the years from 2012 to 2014. The results indicate that Korean container terminals exhibited higher efficiency scores than their Russian counterparts.

네덜란드의 근로시간 제도

Laura den Dulk 한국노동연구원 2015 국제노동브리프 Vol.13 No.9

Examining Patterns of Vocabulary Learning Strategy Use for Idioms and Single-Word Items

Laffey Den 글로벌영어교육학회 2022 Studies in English education Vol.27 No.4

Vocabulary learning strategies are consciously activated actions that learners take to comprehend and then incorporate new vocabulary into their developing interlanguage. Much research to date has focused on observation and cataloging of strategies, surveying learners on the strategies they employ or find helpful, or examining the effectiveness of strategy use and explicit strategy training. Only a handful of studies have tried to compare vocabulary learning strategy use on single word vocabulary and idioms or other multi-word vocabulary items. This qualitative study reports on think-aloud protocols given to six Korean undergraduate English majors to examine what meaning discovery strategies they appear to be using in practice, combined with their own perceptions taken from interviews immediately after the think aloud sessions. The data shows four categories of vocabulary learning strategy in use, plus four additional coping strategies that allow learners to manage the task of meaning discovery. The data suggests that differences in English proficiency may affect how strategies are employed, that there are only superficial differences in approach between single word items and idioms, and that learners rely on methodical patterns of strategy use. The data leads to several questions open to future research, which are discussed.

Effectiveness of mini-open carpal tunnel release: An outcome study

van den Broeke, Lieselotte R.,Theuvenet, Willem.J.,van Wingerden, Jan.J. Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2019 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.46 No.4

Background Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common peripheral entrapment neuropathy with a high morbidity and healthcare-related costs. Currently there is no consensus about the best treatment option. The purpose of this prospective cohort study conducted at a single institution was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction following a mini-open carpal tunnel release for idiopathic CTS. Methods A total of 72 patients (53 female and 19 male patients; mean age, $57.8{\pm}15.3$ years; range, 24-94 years) had a mini-open carpal tunnel release performed by a single senior surgeon between June 2015 and June 2016. The patients were evaluated preoperatively, and at 3 and 12 months post-intervention. At every follow-up, the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BCTSQ) and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for pain and satisfaction were completed. Digital sensibility (using Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments) was assessed and pinch and grip strengths were measured. Results Statistically significant and clinically relevant improvement was found in terms of digital sensibility, grip and pinch strength (except for 2-point pinch), BCTSQ scores and pain scores. The complication rate was minimal, and no major complications occurred. Two patients experienced recurrence. The availability of follow-up records (including patient-reported outcomes, BCTSQ and VAS scores, and the complication rate) at 1-year post-intervention varied between 69% and 74% (50-53 patients) depending on which parameter was assessed. Patient satisfaction was high (mean, $80.9{\pm}26.0$; range, 0-100). Conclusions This study demonstrates that mini-incision carpal tunnel release is clinically effective in the short and long term.