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Lexical Bundles in Spoken and Written Russian
Daehyeon Nam,Sungmin Lee 한국코퍼스언어학회 2016 Corpus Linguistics Research Vol.2 No.-
The current study explores the characteristics of frequently-used multi-word expressions (i.e., lexical bundles) in spoken and written Russian. Lexical bundles are retrieved from a one million word Russian National Corpus (RNC) sample. The lexical bundles in spoken and written sub-corpora of the RNC are analyzed quantitatively regarding discourse functions of reference expressions, stance bundles, and discourse organizers. The analysis confirms that the spoken and written Russian corpora exhibit significantly different lexical bundle distribution patterns: there are more referential expressions in written Russian; while there are more stance bundles in spoken Russian. The study also suggests future study calling more in-depth investigation for developing language-specific discourse functions.
Functional Distribution of Lexical Bundle in Native and Non-Native Students’ Argumentative Writing
Daehyeon Nam 아시아영어교육학회 2017 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.14 No.4
Although the idea of collocation has been the core of the Firthian linguistic approach, only recently did language researchers and practitioners pay close attention to recurrent multi-word combinations or lexical bundles. Unlike the studies of roles of collocation in a language, the research of lexical bundles has shown that they are crucial building blocks of discourse and register in academic disciplines. Given the fact that the role of lexical bundles in the writings of academic community has become a subject of ESL/EFL, the current study investigates the functional distribution of lexical bundles between the argumentative writing corpora contributed by Korean and American college students. The functional lexical bundle types and tokens are compared regarding the distribution and frequency. A series of statistical analyses demonstrated that, in the Korean students’ argumentative writing, stance lexical bundle and discourse organizers are more frequently used. On the other hand, the American students’ writing includes more referential expressions. These findings suggest that, when aiming for a proficient and advanced writing level, Korean college students need to be frequently exposed to lexical bundles and explicitly taught with the discourse functions in the academic writing genre. This paper also introduces and discusses pedagogical implications and future research suggestions.
Lexical Bundle Uses in Prospective EFL Science and Engineering University Students’ Writing
( Daehyeon Nam ) 한국멀티미디어언어교육학회 2018 Multimedia Assisted Language Learning Vol.21 No.4
Recently, many studies of corpus linguistics have explored corpora to investigate how lexical bundles are distributed in terms of their function and structure in diverse language uses. In this vein, while there has been much research of lexical bundles in university students’ L2/EFL writing, there is little research on prospective science and engineering university students. The purpose of the current study, therefore, is to investigate how prospective science and engineering university students use lexical bundles in academic writing. To this end, two corpora of argumentative writing were contributed both by university students with advanced English proficiency, and prospective science and engineering students. A systematic comparison of structural and functional lexical bundles found that there are significant differences in their uses of the lexical bundles. Specifically, the prospective science and engineering university students used more VP-based lexical bundles, a contributing characteristic of conversation register. Moreover, their functional use of lexical bundles was idiosyncratic, indicating that the prospective science and engineering students use less discourse-organizing lexical bundles and more conversation lexical bundles. The findings suggest that science and engineering students need special attention in the earlier stages of their university English education.
Effect of the Increased Contact Stresses of Tire Loadings on Subgrades
Daehyeon Kim 대한토목학회 2004 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.8 No.1
Pavement design and analysis are generally performed based on the Load Equivalency Factor (LEF) obtained from conventional dual tires, and use the contact stress equal to the tire inflation pressure. However, heavier tire loadings such as super-single tires produce much higher contact stresses than the inflation pressure resulting in larger deformations on subgrades, requiring reasonable modeling of subgrades such as elastic-plastic analysis. They also have a different contact area shape from that of conventional tires. In order to better assess the increased contact stresses by super-single tires, reasonable contact stress distribution and contact area ratio for super-single tires should be used in the analysis. 3D finite element analyses for typical flexible pavements were done to evaluate the effects of the increased contact stresses of tire loadings on the subgrades regarding load equivalency factors, overlay effect and subgrade improvement as the behavior of subgrades becomes more important due to the increased contact stresses. Analysis results indicate that the increased contact stresses should be taken into account in the design, as well as overlay or subgrade improvement. Based on the numerical results, simple design examples are suggested.
An Environmentally Friendly Soil Improvement Technology with Microorganism
Daehyeon Kim,Kyungho Park 한국철도학회 2013 International Journal of Railway Vol.6 No.3
Cement or lime is generally used to improve the strength of soil. However, bacteria were utilized to produce cementation of loose soils in this study. The microo rganism called Bacillus, and CaCl₂ was introduced into loose sand and soft silt and CaCO₃ in the voids of soil particles were produced, leading to cementation of soil particles. In this study, loose sand and soft silt typically encountered in Korea were bio-treated with 3 types of bacteria concentration. The cementation (or calcite precipitation) in the soil particles induced by the high concentration bacteria treatment was investigated at 7 days after curing. Based on the results of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) tests and EDX analyses, high concentration bacteria treatment for loose sand was observed to produce noticeable amount of CaCO₃, implying a significant cementation of soil particles. It was observed that higher calcium carbonate depositions were observed in poorly graded distribution as compared to well graded distribution. In addition, effectiveness of biogrouting has also been found to be feasible by bio-treatment without any cementing agent.