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尹明喆(Youn Myung-Cul) 고조선단군학회 2008 고조선단군학 Vol.19 No.-
Koguryo is the country that becomes strongly aware of succeeding to Old Josun. Therefore there were a lot of similar features in the birth myth and cultural phenomenon between 2 countries. From among those, General Tomb has the specific meaning in several sides such as the situation of the times, size, form, structure, and so on. General Tomb is located on the east side of Guknaesung(royal city) that was the second capital of Koguryo. It is 7-storied, laid up with granite, and has a similar shape with pyramid. Its height is 12.4m, and the each length of 4 sides around it is 35.6m. A burial chamber for enshrining the dead body is placed between 4th and 7th floor, and there was a shrine made of wood on it. After all, General Tomb is built up with 3 sections of body, burial chamber, and shrine. The third space, shrine, had a meaning of cave that played an important role. General Tomb is the multi-functional building made with reflecting the spirit of the times creating new culture, and the political needs. Although its exterior has simple and refined image, it is a logical system involving the symbol and metaphor of the high, and a monument communicating a message of state spirit. General Tomb is reflecting Dangun Myth, the birth myth of Koguryo,. and religious belief.
윤명철(Youn Myung-Cul) 경성대학교 인문과학연구소 2007 인문학논총 Vol.12 No.1
동북공정은 추진 배경과 실제 목적은 무엇이든 간에 역사를 주제와 소재로 삼았다는 점에서 역사학계도 큰 충격을 가져왔다. 특히 역사학을 시대상황과는 일정한 거리를 둔 채 과거의 사실을 고증하는 것이라는 보호막을 쳐놓고 안주하던 역사학자들의 입지를 흔들어놓았고, 기왕에 비판받던 역사학연구 방법론을 불신하게 만든 계기가 됐다. 동북공정은 몇 가지 목적을 갖고 추진됐다. 동아시아공동체의 주도권을 장악하려는 국가발전전략의 일환이고, 내부적으로는 만주문제, 영토문제, 소수민족 문제 등을 효율적으로 해결하려는 정책의 일환이다. 즉 동북공정은 역사학 외적인 목적으로, 신중화제국주의의 효율적인 실현과 동아시아질서를 중국주도로 재편하려는 의도에서 비롯된 측면이 강하다. 동북공정을 극복하려면 우선 우리역사에 대한 정확하게 구체적인 이해가 필요하다. 역사학자들의 자기반성과 역사학계의 대응방식 점검이 필요하다. 역사연구를 정책적으로 할 필요가 있다. 그리고 실질적인 대안으로서 ‘한민족역할론’ ‘동아지중해중핵조정론’ 같은 모델이 필요하다. This eassay is China's northeast Asian project has brought a surprise to historians no matter what the purpose and driving background are. Especially, historians' determination that history is only to investigate historical fact is doubtfully shaking. Besides, a problem in the process (methods) of historical research has been risen. China's northeast Asian project was promoted with holding few objectives. It is as a part of the strategy to develop the nation, by seizing leadership over East Asia Community. Internally, it is as a part of the strategy (policy) to resolve subjects regarding to Manchu, territory, minority races and etc. In other words, China's northeast Asia Project is strongly assumed that it is to realize Chinese Imperialism and to take the lead in reorganizing the order of East Asia. To overcome China's northeast Asia Project, it is important to have accurate and specified understanding of our own history. Historians need self-reflection and inspect countermeasure in history. Historical researches are needed to be done politically. In addition, models such as role of Koreans and East Asian Mediterranean are necessary as effective counterplan.
정의철(Jung, Eui-Cul),서은영(Seo, Eun-Young),남길임(Nam, Kil-Im) 한국어문학회 2015 語文學 Vol.0 No.127
This paper analyses emotion verbs in their negative form and shows that the degrees of polarity for emotion verbs in the affirmative form and in the negative form are not equivalent. Until now, studies on emotion verbs have mainly focused on the affirmative forms but the issue that when these are put into the negative form, changes occur on the degree of polarity and meaning levels has barely been broached. Therefore, this study seeks to overcome this shortcoming by performing a statistical analysis of 131 emotion verbs focusing on the changes of the semantic category and the degree of polarity when these verbs are converted from affirmative to negative forms. The main results of this investigation are twofold. Firstly, it has been found that most of the negative forms of emotion verbs convey a lesser degree of emotion than the corresponding positive forms. Nevertheless, a few of them are shown to express instead a stronger level of emotion. Secondly, it appears that, although two emotion verbs belong to a same semantic category in the affirmative form, the corresponding negative forms may fall under different categories. Reversely, whereas two emotion verbs in the affirmative forms belong to different semantic categories, the corresponding negative forms may fall under a same semantic category.
Epidemiology and Outcome of Powered Mobility Device-Related Injuries in Korea
Yongho Shin,Won Cul Cha,윤희,황승연,신태건,심민섭,조익준,김태림 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.9
Background: This study described and analysed the features of powered mobility device (PMD)-related injuries and compared elderly and younger adult injuries. Methods: Data from Korea Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance (EDIIS) database involving eight emergency departments in 2011–2016 were analysed. The inclusion criteria were injuries sustained during the use of PMDs. The variables were compared between adults aged ≥ 65 years and younger adults. Primary and secondary outcomes were severe trauma and poor clinical course accordingly. The logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for study outcomes. Results: A total of 231 adults were enrolled, of whom 150 were ≥ 65 years of age. The total number of PMD-related injuries and the proportion of elderly injured patients increased annually, and most injuries occurred on the roadway and did not involve crash opponents. By multivariate analysis, patients aged ≥ 65 years had a higher injury severity score (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.50–5.40) and had a higher incidence of intensive care unit admissions, surgery, and death (AOR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.16–5.28). Conclusion: Given the higher number and severity of injuries sustained among elderly adults ≥ 65 years of age shown in this study, we recommend that safety educations, such as the use of protective equipment and the safe driving on the roadway, are considered for PMD users ≥ 65 years of age.