Hepatitis B virus (HBV) codon adapts well to the gene expression profile of liver cancer: an evolutionary explanation for HBV’s oncogenic role

Chunpeng Yu,Jian Li,Qun Li,Shuai Chang,Yufeng Cao,Hui Jiang,Lingling Xie,Gang Fan,Song Wang 한국미생물학회 2022 The journal of microbiology Vol.60 No.11

Due to the evolutionary arms race between hosts and viruses, viruses must adapt to host translation systems to rapidly synthesize viral proteins. Highly expressed genes in hosts have a codon bias related to tRNA abundance, the primary RNA translation rate determinant. We calculated the relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) of three hepatitis viruses (HAV, HBV, and HCV), SARS-CoV-2, 30 human tissues, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). After comparing RSCU between viruses and human tissues, we calculated the codon adaptation index (CAI) of viral and human genes. HBV and HCV showed the highest correlations with HCC and the normal liver, while SARS-CoV-2 had the strongest association with lungs. In addition, based on HCC RSCU, the CAI of HBV and HCV genes was the highest. HBV and HCV preferentially adapt to the tRNA pool in HCC, facilitating viral RNA translation. After an initial trigger, rapid HBV/HCV translation and replication may change normal liver cells into HCC cells. Our findings reveal a novel perspective on virus-mediated oncogenesis.

A Chosen-Ciphertext Secure Fuzzy Identity-Based Proxy Re-Encryption Scheme

Chunpeng Ge,Jiandong Wang,Liming Fang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.10 No.5

Green and Ateniese introduced the notion of identity-based proxy re-encryption (IBPRE), whereby the proxy can covert a ciphertext encrypted under the delegator's identity to an encryption under the delegatee's identity of the same message. In some situations, biometric, such as dactylogram, was used as identities. However, these biometric identities will inherently have some noise when they are sampled each time. To make identity-based proxy re-encryption flexible on identities, we introduced a new primitive called fuzzy identity-based proxy re-encryption (FIB-PRE), in which an identity is viewed as a set of descriptive attributes. In a fuzzy identity-based proxy re-encryption scheme, an identity Wll can decrypt a ciphertext re-encrypted under another identity W, if and only if W and W l are close to each other as measured by the “set overlap” distance metric. In this work, we first formulate the security model of a FIB-PRE scheme. Finally, we present a construction of FIB-PRE and prove its CCA security under the decisional bilinear Diffie-Hellman (DBDH) assumption in the random model.

Research on Non-interactive Construction based on Fuzzy Conditional Proxy Re-encryption

Chunpeng Ge,Jiandong Wang,Liming Fang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.9 No.12

In a conditional proxy re-encryption (C-PRE) scheme, a semi-trusted proxy can transform Alice’s ciphertext into Bob’s ciphertext without learning the underlying plaintext, if the ciphertext satisfies a certain condition. To achieve more fine- grained delegation on conditions, Fang, Wang and Ge introduced the notion of fuzzy conditional proxy re-encryption (FC-PRE), whereby the conditions is viewed a set of descriptive keywords. The proxy with a re-encryption key for a condition word set W can convert a ciphertext encrypted with a condition word set W1, if and only if W and W1 are close to each other as measured by the "set overlap" distance metric. Nonetheless, they left an open problem on how to construct a non-interactive FC-PRE scheme. Furthermore, their scheme is only proved secure in the random oracle model. In this paper, we answer the above problems affirmatively by presenting a non-interactive fuzzy conditional proxy reencryption scheme. Moreover, our scheme is proved secure without random oracles.

Preparation of NH4 +-loaded merlinoite for extracting potassium continuously at room temperature

Chenhong Tong,Jin Hou,Chunpeng Yang 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.80 No.-

The preparation of NH4+-loaded merlinoite (N-zeolite) for extracting potassium was studiedsystematically in seawater. N-zeolite was gained from K+-loaded merlinoite (K-zeolite), in whichpotassium ions were exchanged by ammonium ions. The amount of reagents, hydrothermal reactiontemperature and reaction time were detailedly researched in order to obtain the optimized preparationconditions of N-zeolite. The experiment showed that the ion exchange between ammonium ions andpotassium ions could be instantly completed at room temperature. The ion exchange equilibrium andproperty of N-zeolite for potassium extraction were studied in seawater at room temperature. The resultsindicated the ion exchange capacity for potassium reached equilibrium in about 50 min. Since then, themaximum value of ion exchange capacity was 35.5 mg/g. The ion exchange separation factors for KKþ=Naþ,KKþ=Caþ2, KKþ=Mgþ2were 21, 91 and 247, respectively. N-zeolite had good properties of reproducibility andreutilization through six times of repeated modified experiments. K-zeolite and N-zeolite revealed areversible type-III isotherm characteristic by N2 adsorption–desorption experiments. The separationmechanism of N-zeolite for extracting potassium selectively was dominated by the memory function fora specific ion (K+) as well as the similar ion size.

Centrifuge Model Test on Anti-dip Rock Slopes with Unequal Thicknesses Subjected to Flexural Toppling Failure

Runqing Wang,Wei Zhao,Tingkai Nian,Chunpeng Liu,Hao Wu 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.26 No.6

Flexural toppling failure of anti-dip rock slopes (ADRSs) with layers of equal thicknesses has been investigated by many researchers, however, in natural slopes, rock layers in ADRSs are often of unequal thicknesses. To analyze this condition, six slope models were manufactured with glass plates and tests were conducted in a geotechnical drum centrifuge. In these experiments, deformation and interlayer force characteristics were obtained with cameras and film pressure sensors. The centrifuge test results show that the failure process can be divided into three stages: failure of the slope toe, development of fractures and failure of the slope. Initial toe failure has little effect on the stability of the upper rock mass. Through centrifuge test results, it is determined that slopes with only thick layers therein can be used in the evaluation of the stability of slopes with layers of unequal thicknesses. This is because thicker strata have a greater bending stiffness and bending strength than thin strata, thus influencing slope deformation and stability.

Application of galactinol to tomato enhances tolerance to cold and heat stresses

Liu Yudong,Zhang Li,Ma Jian,Meng Sida,Pang Chunpeng,Zhao Xiaomeng,Zhang Huidong,Wang Shou,Xu Tao,He Yi,Liu Yufeng,Qi Mingfang 한국원예학회 2022 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.63 No.3

Galactinol, a galactosyl donor, is the key substrate in raffinose family oligosaccharide (RFO) biosynthesis pathways. Many studies proved that galactinol also regulates some defense-related genes to be transcribed as a sugar signal under biotic and abiotic stresses. There are four galactinol synthase (SlGolS) genes in tomato. In this study, SlGolS1, SlGolS2, and SlGolS4 responded to cold stress, especially SlGolS1 stems treated for 12 h and SlGolS4 stems treated for 24 h. Under heat stress, the expression levels of SlGolS1, SlGolS2, and SlGolS3, especially SlGolS1 and SlGolS2, increased in leaves, roots, and stems. When expressed in E. coli cells, SlGolS2 and SlGolS4 enhanced cold tolerance, whereas SlGolS1 and SlGolS3 improved heat tolerance. These results suggested that SlGolS family members played different roles in tolerance to cold and heat stresses. In addition, the application of galactinol or galactinol + α-galactosidase inhibitor (DGJ) improved the cold and heat tolerances of tomato plants, whereas the single application of DGJ had no effect. Interestingly, the applications of DGJ, galactinol, and galactinol + DGJ also affected the expression levels of SlRS, SlSTS, and SlAGAL under cold and heat stresses. These findings indicated that galactinol was involved in the biosynthesis pathways of RFOs as a galactosyl donor and regulated the expression levels of RFO biosynthesis and breakdown-related genes as a sugar signal under cold and heat stresses.

Enhanced electrochemical performances of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode material co-coated by graphene/TiO2

Dang Mengyue,Li Ying,Xu Chaoxiang,He Yulin,Yu Chunpeng,Liu Wenbo,Jin Hongming,Zhu Mingyuan,Zhang Jiujun,Li Wenxian 한국물리학회 2021 Current Applied Physics Vol.32 No.-

The electrochemical performances of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (NCM523) layered cathode material, such as poor rate capacity and cycling stability caused by undesirable intrinsic conductivity and low rate of lithium ion transportation, are not fairly good especially at elevated rate and cut-off voltage. To improve these properties, in this study, the co-coating layer of graphene and TiO2 was constructed on NCM523 surface. The graphene/TiO2 coating layer could effectively prevent hydrofluoric acid (HF) attacks, suppress the side reaction, accelerate the lithium ion diffusion and facilitate the electron migration. The enhancement of cycle performance and rate capacity was contributed to the uniform co-modified surface, interacting each other and thus exhibiting synergistic effects.

Chinese Learners' L2 Morphological Processing of Final and Prefinal Endings in Korean Verbs

Hee-Don Ahn,Jong-Bai Hwang,Moongee Jeon,Chunpeng Cai,Ji Hyon Kim 한국외국어교육학회 2013 Foreign languages education Vol.20 No.3

This study investigates how Chinese learners of Korean process morphologically complex words to see whether verbal suffixes are decomposed or processed as a whole. Chinese learners of Korean, all of whom had studied Korean for more than one year and were regarded as advanced learners, participated in a lexical decision task of Korean words with primes of final and prefinal verbal endings. The results of a visual priming experiment with the SOA of 160 ms showed that strong or full priming occurred for the past tense suffix, but no priming for the honorifics, which is different from Ll processing of Korean prefinal endings. This study revealed reduced priming effects for the final endings, which is also different from Korean Ll processing of the same endings. The results of the present study, however, showed priming effects for verbal suffixes similar to Chinese L2 learners' processing of Korean nominal suffixes.