The HBV DNA Amounts in Serum Have No relationship with ALT level and Hetergeneous Population Coexits in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Chun, Yoon-Keun,Ha, Joo-hun,Hong-Jung-Woo,Oh, Soo-Myung,Kim, Sung-Soo 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1

Yoon-Keun Chun¹,Joohun Ha□Hong-Jung Woo□, Soo Myung Oh□,Sung Soo Kim□ ¹Department of Molecular Biology, College of Medicine,²Department of Surgery, college of Medicine,³Department of Internal Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine,and ⁴East-Weat Medical Reserch Institute,Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea. The HBV DNA Amounts in Serum Have No relationship with ALT level and Hetergeneous Population Coexits in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Proceedings of International Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 212-230, 1999. -Hepatitis B is caused by hepadnavirus. Hepatitis B virus replicates through 3.5kb pregenomic RNA intermediate which is regulated by core promoter. Pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus has been bilieved the result of host immune response. But recently many studies have reported that high level of viral replication caused by mutation in core promoter might result in severs hepatitis. But these studies were performed in vitro, not in vivo. So there is yet debate about which factor, viral of host factor, is more important in pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus. So we measured real viral replication level in 204 chronic hepatitis B patients by quantifying HBV DNA from sera by our novel PCR-based more sensitive method, and compared these results with ALT level measured from same sera, which indicates liver cell damage. Surprisingly there are no significant correlation between HBV DNA quantity and ALT level. Then we cloned core promoter region. In SSCP, we found that many viral mutants coexist in one patient. Base on SSCP result, we chose main viral core promoter type in each patients, which is thought to determine overall viral replication level in this patient. Main type of core promoter region of each 41 patients were directly sequenced. And with these we measured promoter activity by luciferase assay system and compared promoter activity with on another. We found tha there were some differences in promoter activity according to core promoter sequences. And we constructed replication-competent viral constructs with core promoter from 41 patients and Transfected these into HepG2 cell and measured HBV DNA by southern blot. There were also differences in HBV DNA quantity according to core promoter sequences. On these all results we investigated correlation between the effect of HBV core promoter on viral replication in vitro and HBN DNA quantity, ALT level from sera of each patients. We found there is no significant correlation among them. As a result, we concluded that in determining severity chronic hepatitis B patients, host factors of each patient is more important rather than replicative activity of virus itself.

인삼(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) 신품종 고풍의 육성경과 및 생육특성

권우생(Woo-Saeng Kwon),이장호(Jang-Ho Lee),박찬수(Chan-Soo Park),양덕춘(Deok-Chun Yang) 고려인삼학회 2003 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.27 No.2

To develop a new ginseng variety with good quality and high yielding, a lot of individual ginseng plant were selected in the farmers' fields in 1968. Among them, a promising line, 680-83-4, has been developed through comparative cultivation of several lines selected with pure line separation from local races in KT&G Central Research Institute, preliminary and advanced yield trials were performed for 8 years. 680-83-4 was designated as KG103, which was then registered as a new variety “Gopoong” with the regional yield and adaptation trials for 10 years (1981-1990) on December<br/> 27, 2000 in Korea. Gopoong has different phenotype of a dark violet stem and dark red fruit and inverted triangle shape of berries cluster as compared with other varieties. Taproot of Gopoong was longer than local race Jakyungjong, and root yield was 4.5% higher than local race Jakyungjong. In red ginseng quality, the rates of Chun-Jeesam grade(Chun and Jee means 1st and 2nd grade, respectively) were 16.6% and 9.4% for Gopoong and Jakyungjong, respectively. In these results, it was that Gopoong was superior ginseng line with good quality for manufacture of red ginseng.

래크 생산시스템의 생산능력 결정에 관한 연구

전태웅,박수희,이항진 조선대학교 경영경제연구소 1999 經營經濟硏究 = Management and economics research Vol.22 No.2

This study is concern to determine production capacity for rack production system using simulation. In rack production system, generally, the production capacity is determine by the number of operatior and the time of operator, that is decision parameters. The fourth-four alternatives that is eleven alternatives to the number of operator and four alternatives to the quaranty of production is simulated in this study. The overhead cost is decision criteria in the selection to alternatives.

유전율이 다른 두 기판의 접합에 의한 마이크로스트립 불연속의 반사특성 해석

전중창,김태수,한수용 위덕대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 산업기술연구소 논문집 Vol.5 No.1

The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method has been applied to the analysis of microstrip discontinuities comprised of junctions of two substrates having different dielectric constants. The discontinuities treated in this paper include microstrip step-in-width on a single substrate for the validation of analysis method, and microstrip junctions of two different substrates where strip widths are varied to analyze the reflection characteristics numerically. It is noted that the result for the junction having a uniform strip width but different dielectric constants shows a similar characteristic with a conventional step-in-width discontinuity. The importance of this result is the implication that the junctions treated in this paper can be applied to the design of microwave passive circuits such as filters and matching networks.

시뮬레이션을 이용한 광주광역시 지하철 운영계획에 관한 연구

전태웅,박수희,이항진 조선대학교 환경공해연구소 1999 環境公害硏究 Vol.15 No.2

This study is concerned with the operation planning in Kwang-ju subway. The operation planning in subway that one is electronic car operating interval time, one other is the number of trailer car. The evaluation criteha of alternatives is average queue time of passenger and the degree of congestion in the trailer car. The alternatives of operating planning and the experiment of alternatives is presented in this paper by simulation with ARENA. The results of experiments, electronic car operating interval time is 3.5 minutes and the number of trailer car is four in 2004 year.

19세기말 프랑스의 농업보호정책

전수연 연세대학교 인문과학연구소 1994 人文科學 Vol.72 No.-

Le de´bat entre le libre-e´change et la protection, qui a par le passe´ donne´ lieu a、 des controverses passionne´es, redevient d´actualite´. Et la France semble, comme il y a cent ans, soucieuse de rote´ger son agriculture contre la concurrence e´trange、re, surtout ame´ricaine. Le 'coup d´Etat douanier' de Napole´on Ⅲ a instaure´ en France un re´gime pratiquement libre-e´changiste, qui dure plus de trente ans malgre´ de vives protestations des milieux industriels. C´est l´agri-culture qui change la situation. La crise qu´elle traverse alors est se´ve、re et double. La Grande De´pression, qui a commence´ dans les anne´es 1870, frappe l´agriculture europe´enne, y compris franc¸aise. Elle s´inscrit dans la phrase de contraction des prix re´compense´es par la hausse du prix a、 cause de l´introduction massive des produits agricoles du Nouveau Monde. Les producteurs ce´re´aliers commencents a、 re´clamer la protection. En plus, l´invasion du phylloxe´ra, paralysnat le vignoble, peut-e^tre le seul scvteur agricole franc¸ais capable de re´sister la concurrence, prend l´allure d´une catastrophe nationale. Les vignerons se joignent au protectiennisme. En face de cette double crise agricole, le gouvernement finit par abhe´rer au mouvement agrarien. Le mouvement a e´te´ dirige´ en premier lieu par les notables traditionnels pour critiquer la olitique e´cnomique du gouvernement re´publicain. C´est la rivalite´ entre l´agrarisme de droite et celui de gauche qui fait passer la loi sur le tarif ge´ne´ral des douanes, dite 'la loi Me´line', en 1892. L´agrarisme gouvernemental des opportunistes, que leurs successeurs n´abandonnent pas, aura pur conse´quence a、 la fois e´conomique et politique: l´importance de l´agriculture dans la socie´te´ industrialise´e et celle du poids rural dans le monde politique franc¸ais.

脫稅의 經濟的 模型의 再考

全洙淵 건국대학교 1987 論文集 Vol.24 No.1

Tax evasion is defined as the reduction of tax liability by illegal or fraudlent means and should be distingished from tax avoidance. Tax evasion is widely seen as a serious problem for a number of reasons in modern capitalism. First, it results in a loss of tax revenue. Second, because opportunities to evade taxes differ among tax-payers, tax evasion may impair the chances of realizing the distributional or equity goals of taxation. Third, opportunites for tax evasion may skew the allocation of resources away from more productive areas of the economy. Tax evasion, however, may have some socially desirable consequences. If tax evacion is seen as a serious problem for a number of reasons. we need to seeks to research on tax evasion undertaken of disciplines. The nature and extent to tax evasion problem is examined and the factors underlying the tax evasion decision-making are discussed in light of theorical and emprical research. This paper is argued that economic models of evasion fail to account for emprical findings which suggest the importance of non-maxmizing behavior and social norms of compliance. A model of tax evasion which incorporates these is concepts discussed. Finally, this paper suggested implications for future research and for tax administration and policy.

프랑스 제3공화국의 상원과 지방자치

전수연 연세대학교 인문과학연구소 1997 人文科學 Vol.76-77 No.-

L´ave、nement de la Ⅲ^e Re´publique reve^t une importance particulie、re. Ⅱ marque le de´but de la stabilite´ politique apre、s un sie、cle extre^mement turbulent. Or la Constitution de 1875 n´est me^me pas une ve´ritable constitution mais une se´rie de "lois constitutionnelles" vote´es dans la re´signation par l´Assemble´e nationale de 1871. Bre、ve et impre´cise en de´pit de l´accouchement long et douloureux, elle a pourtant incorpore´une Seconde Chambre puissante au sein du re´gime re´publicain. En fait, la question de bicame´ralisme n´a jamais quitte´ le centre du de´bat et la Constitution est le produit d´un e´change "Se´nat contre Re´publique". Cependant c´est l′institution du Se´nat qui explique la longe´vite´ du re´gime. Car, elle est la plus stable et solide dans ses fondements parmi les institutions politiques franc??aises. Sa pie、ce mai^tresse est son mode de recrutement. Le colle、ge e´lectoral se compose pour l´essentiel des de´le´gue´s choisis par les conseils municipaux. La loi e´le´ctorale donne a、 une commune une voix, quelle que soit l´importance, alors que depuis la Re´volution tous les groupements d´habitants, de Paris a、 un petit village, ont le me^me statut administratif et la me^me organisation municipale sous le titre de "commune". Le principe est que le droit de la plus peite commune est aussi respectable que celui de la plus grande. Le re´sultat en est la surrepre´sentation e´crasante des communes rurales. Si la re´vision de 1884 diminue relativement l´importance des communes minuscules, elle garde la pre´ponde´rance donne´e aux communes rurales, surtout les bourgs. Et le fondement e´lectif des se´nateurs demeunre le conseil municipal. Le Se´nat, accroche´ ainsi aux conseils municipaux, me´rite bien le nom que Gambetta lui a donne´: le Grand Conseil des Communes francaises. Ⅱ a favorise´ l´esprit inde´pendant de ces communes qui a e´te´ pre´pare´ depuis ongtemps par la Re´volution et la re´forme de la Monarchie de Juillet, L´histoire de la de´centralisation au niveau communal te´moigne que les liberte´s locales sont un pre´alable de l´inte´gration natinale et que celle-ci revigore celles-la´ en retour.

소출력 송수신기용 광대역 안테나 개발

전중창,한수용 진주산업대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2007 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.14

As the wireless services are popular for convenience, antennas having wider bandwidth are required more often. In this paper, a new type of monopole antenna is invented for multiple band applications. Multiple band property for the proposed antenna is achieved by adjusting the coupling structure of the antenna base. -10 dB impedance bandwidths are 1.74-3.06 GHz and 5.59-10.62 GHz, which can cover various kinds of wireless services, such as PCS(1.75-1.87 GHz), IMT-2000(1.92-2.17 GHz), WiBro(2.3-2.39 GHz), WLAN (2.412-2.483 GHz, 5.725-5.825 GHz), DMB(2.63-2.655 GHz), High-band UWB(7.2-10.2 GHz).

한국 현대 실내건축에 나타난 한국적 미의 표현특성에 관한 연구 : 민영백 작품을 중심으로

전수경;남경숙 한양대학교 2007 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.27 No.2

There is some indistinct aspect that using the word traditional characteristic and Korean characteristic in interior architecture area. But using above two words has quite different meaning in the field of Korean interior design history. This research is purposed to study the way of expression of Korean characteristic focusing on the works of Min Yung-Beak who is one of the first member of Korea interior association and to define the exact meaning of Korean characteristic. For this purpose, 14 works which were done from 1980 and 1990 and have significant meaning from the aspect of modern interior design in Korea were selected and analyzed. The analysis standard of this research is based on the organization of preceding research which is focused on the expression of Korean characteristic. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First of all, Min Yung-Beak tries to present the Korean characteristic, a specific kind of design factor, as a general design factor which is normally known as beyond the limit of the Western culture design and Eastern culture design. Second, in terms of space organization and form, He made void space and emphasize structural column which plays a important role in connect two parts of space. Third, He presents the color using the Korean traditional translucent paper and glass to present soft light in the interior space and uses the natural color of material. Forth, in terms of furniture ornament usage, he modernized the Korean traditional pattern and redesigned the pattern.