The Assessment of Exposure Dose of Radiation Workers for Decommissioning Waste in the Radioactive Waste Inspection Building of Low and Intermediate-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Facility

Rin-Ah Kim,Ho-Seog Dho,Tae-Man Kim,Chun-Hyung Cho 한국방사성폐기물학회 2020 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.18 No.2(E)

한국원자력환경공단은 처분시설 내 1단계 인수·저장구역의 인수검사 공간 및 드럼 취급 공간 부족에 대한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 방폐물검사건물을 건설하여 저장·처리능력을 확충할 예정이다. 본 연구에서는 MCNP 코드를 이용하여 방폐물검사 건물 내 저장구역에서 취급하는 해체 방사성폐기물 대상 신형처분용기를 대상으로 작업종사자의 피폭선량을 평가하였다. 평가결과, 시설 내 저장 가능한 최대 용기 개수(304개)와 방사선작업에 대한 연간 예상 작업시간(약 306시간)에 대하여 연간 집단선량은 총 84.8 man-mSv로 계산되었다. 시설 내 총 304개의 신형처분용기(소형/중형 타입)가 저장 완료된 시점에서 인수검사, 처분검사를 위한 작업종사자의 투입인력은 총 25명, 작업종사자 당 예상피폭선량은 연평균 3.39 mSv로 산출 되었다. 소형용기 취급 시 작업종사자의 고방사선량 작업에 따른 작업효율과 방사선적 안전성 확보를 위해서는 콘크리트 라이너의 두께를 증가시키는 추가적인 차폐가 필요할 것으로 평가되었다. 향후 본 연구를 바탕으로 실측기반의 해체폐기 물의 선원항과 특성을 활용하여 방사선작업 당 작업시간 및 투입인력을 산출함으로써 작업종사자의 최적의 방사선작업조건을 도출할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. The Korea Radioactive Waste Agency plans to expand the storage capacity of radioactive waste by constructing a radioactive waste inspecting building to solve the problem of the lack of inspection space and drum-handling space in the radioactive waste receipt and storage building for the first-stage disposal facility. In this study, the exposure doses of radiation workers that handle new disposal containers for decommissioning waste in the storage areas of the radioactive waste inspecting building were calculated using the Monte Carlo N-particle transport code. The annual collective dose was calculated as a total of 84.8 man-mSv for 304 new disposal containers and an estimated annual 306 working hours for the radiation work. When the 304 new disposal containers (small/medium type) were stored in the storage areas, it was found that 25 radiation workers should be involved in acceptance/disposal inspection, and the estimated exposure dose per worker was calculated as an average annual value of 3.39 mSv. When the radiation workers handle the small containers in high-radiation dose areas, the small containers should be shielded further by increasing the concrete liner thickness to improve the work efficiency and radiation safety of the radiation workers. The results of this study will be useful in establishing the optimal radiation working conditions for radiation workers using the source term and characteristics of decommissioning waste based on actual measurements.

초음파 기관지 내시경으로 진단한 기관기관지 골연골형성증 1예

이천우,옥철호,정만홍,장태원,임성경,조은주,이신준,이혜원,구상건,천봉권 고신대학교 의과대학 2011 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.26 No.2

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) is a rare benign disease of unknown etiology characterized by accumulation of calcium phosphate in the submucosa of large airways and benign proliferation of bone and cartilage resulting in nodular formation. We report a case of tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica diagnosed by Endobronchial ultrasonography in a 56-year-old man. Chest Computed Tomography revealed thickening of tracheal and bronchial wall, and multiple nodules through whole trachea. Endobronchial ultrasonography showed numerous submucosal nodules with hetero-echogenecity in the third and fourth layers. Histopathological examination revealed nonspecific bronchitis with squamous metaplasia and metaplastic ossification. We confirmed tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica. The patient's symptoms were successfully treated with antibiotics and oxygen supplyment. endobronchial ultrasonography can helpful diagnosis in tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica.

연구논문 : 아마로 사용실태 및 향 선호도

김장순 ( Jang Soon Kim ),이종렬 ( Jong Ryol Lee ),박천만 ( Chun Man Park ) 한국미용학회 2006 한국미용학회지 Vol.12 No.3

The purpose of this study is to offer fundamental data for establishing a theory on aroma therapy by understanding Korean use and preference of aroma. The subjects of the study were 130 skin care specialists who worked for skin care salons and 410 general people in Daegu. The study was carried out through a questionnaire and inhalation test. The data were collected from September 1, 2003 to October 1, 2003. The result were as follows : 1. The rate of people who had experienced aroma less than 3 times was 40.5%. The rate of people who had not experienced aroma was 26.1%, who had experienced aroma massage was 33%, and who had inhaled aroma was 47.5%. The people who were older, wealthy, female, married, graduated from college were more experienced aroma(p<0.0l) and housewives in the thirties had more opportunities of experiencing aroma than other subjects. 2. General people preferred aroma Orange(66.3%) the most among 8 essential oils used in the test. The second preference was blended oil with Rosemary, Geranium and Lemon(26.1%). The third preference was the Lavender(25.8%). The order of preference in skin care specialists was Orange(83.3%), Lavender (48.8%), blended oil with Rosemary, Geranium and Lemon(42.9%), and blended oil with Lavender, Sandalwood, Ylangylang and Mandarin(26.2%). Both general people and skin care specialists disliked Teatree the most. 3. Lavender was more preferred by women than men (p<0.05) and Teatree was more preferred by men than women(p<0.0l). In particular, people in thirties liked Lavender the most(p<0.01). Teatree(p<0.001) and Sandalwood (p<0.05) were more preferred by married people than unmarried people. 4. The more educated people were, the more they liked the blended oil with Rosemary, Geranium, and Lemon(p<0.01). Housewives preferred Lavender(p<0.001) and Frankincense(p<0.05) and workers preferred Teatree(p<0. 001) and Sandalwood(p<0.05). As people were not healthy, they tended to prefer Teatree(p<0. 01) As people experienced essential oil, aroma massage and aroma inhalation more, they preferred Lavender and Frankincense. 5. Women`s average score was higher than men`s(women : 4.58, men: 4.18, total score: 6.0). Younger people more preferred aroma than older people(p<0.05). 6. 51.3% of specialists answered they used aroma for skin care less than one time a day, 35.7% of them used 2 or 3 times a day. 29.6% of specialists answered that the biggest difficulty in their work was the lack of knowledge of aroma. The next one was relationship with co-workers and pay(20.4%) and overwork was 13.9% 7. 37.3% of specialists had got massages 10~20 times from a skin care specialist and 31.7% of them had got massages less than 10 times. About experiencing aroma in everyday life, 42.9% of them experienced aroma 10~20 times and 28.6% of then experienced less then 10 times. 8. Generally, the more experienced people liked Lavender, Teatree, Sandalwood and Frankincense(p<0.05). 9. As a result of the survey on the specialists` preference, preferred oils were Lavender(22.4%), Rosemary (13.4%), Rose(10.1%), Jasmine(9.2%) and Orange(8.4%). Unpleasant oils were Teatree(16.0%), Yiangyiang(13.6%), Peppermint(9.9%) and Patchouli(8.6%). The specialists used Lavender the most (67.6%) in aroma therapy and used Rosemary(6.5%), Teatree(5.6%) and Peppermint(4.6%). In conclusion, the subjects` experience and knowledge of aroma were not high, and there was difference in preferences of aroma by their ages, gender, education, occupations, and experiences. However, both general people and the specialists had a difficulty in aroma use due to the lack of knowledge of aroma. So, if we apply aroma therapy to patients in consideration of their preferences, the best result will be expected. A systemic aroma education program for specialists is needed as soon as possible.

서울시 大氣粉塵의 重金屬 濃度 및 發生源에 關한 硏究

千晩寧 건국대학교 1990 論文集 Vol.31 No.1

This study was performed to measure the concentration and orign of heavy meatals of total suspended particulate(TSP) from April 5 to July 28, 1989. The concentration was TSP 188 μg/m3, Al 7.02 μg/m3 and Ni 0.013 μg/m3 in average, respectively and the analytical results showed the following order of metal abundance Al〉Fe〉Zn〉Pb〉Cu〉Mn〉Ni. Among heavy metals in ambient air Al was detected at the highest level, 7.02 μg/m3 and Ni was the lowest 0.013 μg/m3 average respectively. The concentration of TSP and heavy metals such as Pb, Zn, and Cu in the ambient air seems gradually decreasing annually, but Ni has been shown the tendency of increasing. On the basis of Al the enrichment factors of Mn, Fe, and Ni were smaller than 3, but those of Cu, Zn, and Pb were large than 18. Among concentrations of heavy metals in ambient air, Al and Pb, Cu and Mn were highly correlated with of 0.7, Mn and Pb, Zn, Cu, and Ni were very high correlated with r=0.9.(Ni and Pb, Zn and Cu were correalated with r=0.8,) Cu and Pb were r=0.9614, Cu and Zn were r=0.7, Zn and Pb were highly correlated with r=0.8, but Fe and all heavy metals were lowly correlated with correlation coefficient(r). It might be assumed that Al and Fe were mainly produced by soil, Ni was produced by combustion of gasoline and diesel oil, Pb and Cu were .produced by automobile, Zn and Mn were produced by refinery and steel manufacturing.

Morphine의 血漿Corticosterone增加作用에 對한 Clonidine의 抑制效果에 미치는 Adrenoceptor 遮斷劑의 影響

田溶愛,全普權,申萬鍊 고려대학교 의과대학 1984 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.21 No.1

Clonidine is a potent, centrally acting, antihypertensive that produces analgesia and suppresses the opioid withdrawal signs. Ganong et al. reported that catecholamine and clonidine inhibit the ACTH liberation from an anterior pituitary gland. In order to ascertain whether the suppression induced by clonidine of morphine-induced increase of plasma corticosterone level is related with the stimulation of alpha-s-adrenoceptor, the influences of phenoxybenzamine, yohimbine, and propranolol on the suppression induced by clonidine of morphine-induced increase of plasma corticosterone level in male mice. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Clonidine 100㎍/㎏ or 500㎍/㎏ did not affect the basal plasma corticosterone level. 2. Plasma corticosterone level was slightly increased by phenoxybenzamine 10㎎/㎏ or yohimbine 5㎎/㎏. 3. Plasma corticosterone level was significantly increased by morphine 20㎎/㎏, ACTH 5㎍/㎏ and picrotoxin 4㎎/㎏. And the morphine-induced increase was not affected by the clonidine 100㎍/㎏ but significantly suppressed by the clonidine 500㎍/㎏. But the ACTH or picrotoxin-induced increase was not affected by even the clonidine 500㎍/㎏. 4. The suppressing effect of clonidine 500㎍/㎏ on the morphine-induced increase was not affected by the pretreatment of propranolol 5㎎/㎏ but significantly inhibited by the pretreatment of phenoxybenzamine 10㎎/㎏ or yohimbine 5㎎/㎏. The results suggest that clonidine dose not affect the basal level of plasma adrenal corticosteroid and suppression mechanism of clonidine on the morphine-induced increase of plasma corticosterone level is mediated through the stimulation of alpha-2-adrenoceptor.

안성지역 대기중 미세입자에 포함된 음이온의 농도분포 특성

천만영,김태욱 안성산업대학교 1996 論文集 Vol.28 No.-

NO_3 and SO^2-_4 concentrations and distributions of airborne fine particles less than 2㎛ in Ansung atmosphere were determined from November 21 to December 2, 1996. The sampling was carried out using 8-stage Hering's low pressure impactor (LPI, aerodynamic cutoff diameters are 0.05, 0.075, 0.11, 0.26, 0.05, 1,0, 2,0 and 40㎛) at the top of a four storied building located at Ansung national university in Ansung. The average concentrations of NO_3 and SO^2-_4 were 9.0, and 84(㎍/㎥) respectively. The distributions of NO_3 concentrations were bimodal types which showed two peaks in the range of 0.075~0.12㎛ and 0.5~1.0㎛ in aerodynamic diameter. And the distributions of SO^-2_4 concentrations were bimodal types which showed two peaks in the range of 0.12~0.26㎛ and 0.5~1.0㎛.

防風形 NO_2 簡場捕集器 開發에 關한 硏究

千晩寧,曺永泰 안성산업대학교 1991 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

Recently the brief NO_2 samplers frequently are using for measuring NO_2 concentrations in the atmosphere because of simple and high accuracy.(NO_2 absorbent usually is being used 20% triethanolamine(TEA)). But these samplers have defect which absorbed NO_2 is increased by wind. To diminish those errors in this study, the inlet of sampler was covered with the draft shield made by 325 mesh stainless sieve, But the draft shield was expected to disturb NO_2 diffusion. In order to conform the fact, the samplers with or without draft shield were exposed to a box filled with 1-1.1ppm NO_2. The result of work, it was proved that draft shield nearly did not disturb NO_2 diffusion. To protect samplers from dust, sunshine, rainout and vertical wind effects, those samplers put into shelter during field test. It was compared NO_2 samplers data with the ambient air mornitering network data. The coefficient of correlation between two data was r=0.9980 in field test for 35days. This NO_2 samplers were suitable to use for a long time than a short time and were able to use for a little over 30days.

工業團地內 새마을運動 共同推進方案에 관한 硏究

金千鎰,裵源達,林德相,張晩植 효성여자대학교 새마을연구소 1989 새마을硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.-

강진만에서 미생물의 년 변화

박종천,오재영,정용욱,주현수,이원교,유춘만,이우범 國立 麗水大學校 환경문제硏究所 2001 環境硏究論文集 Vol.4 No.-

The biological surveys were performed at seven sites in the Gangjin bay from February, 1998 to November, 2001. In order to analysis of environmental variation, numbers of heterotrophic bacteria, general fungus and fecal coliforms were enumerated in each sample. The result showed that variation range of heterotrophic bacteria, general fungus, and fecal coliforms were 2.9 x 10^(3)~9.6 x 10^(3) CFU/ml, 17.2~80.1 CFU/ml, and 6.3~682.5 CFU/100ml for four tears(1988~2001), respectively. Density of heterotrophic bacteria and general fungus were gradually decreased for four tours, while fecal coliforms were suddenly increased. Specially, numbers of fecal colifoms were increased the more 100 times in 2001 than that 1998. We think that it was probably caused a little rainfall in February, 2001. There result suggests that ecosystem of Gangjin bay were mainly regulated by 2~3 factors, which were inflow of fresh water, salinity and variation of water temperature.

흙막이 土留壁의 水平變位 特性에 關한 硏究

김송만,류제천,박춘수 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1999 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.14 No.1

As basements are built to greater depths and building developments occupy greater plan areas, the problems of settlement and horizontal displacement occur. To ensure minimum soil movement horizontally and vertically, around and below a deep excavation of given soil conditions, several measured are meccessary. Sometimes adjacent structures is damaged horizontal displacement and vertical settlement around and below of site. Recently, the intrumentation has many important roles in estimating and keeping stability of underground structures. Therefore, I present the characteristic of horizontal displacement through comparing instrumentation data with sunex program results for retention walls in a TaeJon site. As I think collectively many instrumentation data adn each field conditions, I point main factors causing horizontal displacement. Using instrumentation data, I propose a relationship representing a depth and magnitude with maximum horizontal displacement happens