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Effect of a Carbon Additive on the TbCu7-type Melt-spun Sm(Co, M)7 (M=Ti, Zr, Hf, V and Ge) Ribbons
Chih-Chieh Hsieh,Shih-Teng Huang,Jin-Sheng Guo,Chih-Wei Shih,Wen-Cheng Chang,Huang-Wei Chang,Chun-Chung Shaw 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.63 No.3
The effect of a carbon additive on the microstructure and the magnetic properties of melt-spunSmCo7−xMxCy (M=Ti, Zr, Hf, V and Ge; x = 0 - 0.3 and y = 0 - 0.1) ribbons was studied. Based on the XRD and the TEM analyses, a pure 1:7 phase could be formed for the C-containingribbons with M= Ti and Ge. However, carbide phases, i.e., Sm2C3 for M=Zr and Hf, and SmCoC2for M=V, respectively, were found. Nevertheless, a slight C addition may effectively refine themicrostructure and improve both the intrinsic coercvity and the magnetic energy product in all thestudied ribbons. Among them, the SmCo6.9V0.1C0.1 ribbons with r = 58.7 emu/g, iHc = 13.5kOe and (BH)max = 9.3 MGOe, and the SmCo6.9Hf0.1C0.1 ribbons with r = 61.6 emu/g, iHc =11.8 kOe and (BH)max = 10.3 MGOe are most suitable for the bonded magnet applications.
Exercise is positively associated with cognitive Function:The role of exercise modalities
Chun-Chih Wang,Chien-HengChu,Chih-HanWu,조유민,Yu-KaiChang 국민체육진흥공단 한국스포츠정책과학원 2017 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.29 No.2
An increasing number of studies have explored the relationship between exercise and cognitive function. While the majority of studies have focused on the effects of aerobic exercise, some studies have shifted their attention to other exercise modalities such as resistance exercise and Tai Chi Chuan. The purpose of this brief review is to explore the effects of aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and Tai Chi Chuan on cognitive function by reviewing previous research on each of those exercise modalities and their relationships to cognition, including the potential mechanisms underlying those relationships. Generally speaking, a positive effect of aerobic training on cognitive function is observed. While the research evidence regarding the effects of resistance exercise and Tai Chi Chuan on cognitive function are only somewhat established, their positive trend indicates that future studies are warranted to investigate them further.
Design Customization of Respiratory Mask based on 3D Face Anthropometric Data
Chih-Hsing Chu,Szu-Hao Huang,Chih-Kai Yang,Chun-Yang Tseng 한국정밀공학회 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
This study presents a machine learning based method for design customization of a 3D respiratory mask. A parametric model of a3D human face was constructed from an anthropometric database consisting of 495 facial models. An AdaBoost.R algorithm wasapplied to identify a set of measurable parameters most related to the facial geometry. The correlation between parameters wasestimated using principal component analysis and linear regression. With those parameter values as input, the parametric modelgenerates 3D meshes of a human face that serve as a design reference for the construction of a customized respiratory mask of agood fit. We conducted a series of experiments with 10-fold cross-validation to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Chun-Chih Lin,Chin-Yen Han,I-Ju Pan 한국간호과학회 2015 Asian Nursing Research Vol.9 No.1
Purpose: Professional hemodialysis (HD) nursing tends to be task-oriented and lack consideration of the client's viewpoint. This study aims to interpret the process of psychosocial adaptation to dealing with HD in people with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Methods: A grounded theory guided this study. Theoretical sampling included 15 people receiving HD at the HD center of a hospital from July to November 2010. Participants received an information sheet in writing, a verbal invitation, and informed consent forms before interviews were conducted. A constantcomparative data analysis was analyzed using open, axial and selective coding. The computer software ATLAS.ti assisted data management. Credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability ensured the rigor of study process. Results: This study identified “adopting life with hemodialysis”, which captures the process of the psychosocial adaptation in people with ESRD as one transformation. Four categories that evolved from “adopting HD life” are (a) slipping into, (b) restricted to a renal world, (c) losing self control, and (d) stuckin an endless process. Conclusions: The findings of this investigation indicate the multidimensional requirements of people receiving maintenance dialysis, with an emphasis on the deficiency in psychosocial and emotional care. The study's findings contribute to clinical practice by increasing the understanding of the experience ofchronic HD treatment from the recipient's viewpoint. The better our understanding, the better the care provided will meet the needs of the people receiving HD.
( Chih Chun Hsieh ),( Tao Chih Chang ),( Dong Yih Lin ),( Ming Che Chen ),( Wei Te Wu ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2007 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.13 No.5
The purpose of this study is to investigate the precipitation characteristics of σ phase in the fusion zone of stainless steel welds at various welding passes during a tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process. The morphology, quantity, and chemical composition of the δ-ferrite and σ phase were analyzed using optical microscopy (OM), a ferritscope (FS), a X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), an electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA), and a wavelength dispersive spectrometer (WDS), respectively. Massive δ-ferrite was observed in the fusion zone of the first pass welds during welding of dissimilar stainless steels. The σ phase precipitated at the inner δ-ferrite particles and decreased δ-ferrite content during the third pass welding. The σ and δ phases can be stabilized by Si element, which promoted the phase transformation of δ→σ + γ2 in the fusion zone of the third pass welds. It was found that the σ phase was a Fe-Cr-Si intermetallic compound found in the fusion zone of the third pass welds during multi-pass welding.
Effect of Vibration on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of 304 Stainless Steel GTA Welds
Chih-Chun Hsieh,Chien-Hong Lai,Weite Wu 대한금속·재료학회 2013 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.19 No.4
This study investigates the microstructures and mechanical properties of 304 stainless steel at various vibration frequencies during simultaneous vibration welding. The experimental results demonstrated that simultaneous vibration welding could accelerate the nucleation and grain refinement of the microstructures. The effect of the grain refinement was more evident at the resonant frequency (375 Hz) and a minimum content of residual δ-ferrite (4.0%). The γ phase grew in the preferential orientation of the (111)direction with and without vibration. The full width at half maximum of the diffraction peak widened after the vibration, which was attributed to the grain refinement. The residual stress could be efficiently removed through simultaneous vibration welding when the amplitude of the vibration was increased. Furthermore, the lowest residual stress (139 MPa) was found when the vibration frequency was 375 Hz. The hardness and Young’s modulus exhibited slight increases with low and medium frequencies. The hardness values were increased by 7.6% and Young’s modulus was increased by 15% when the vibration frequency was resonant (375 Hz).
Chih-Jung Yao,Jyh-Ming Chow,Shuang-En Chuang,Chia-Lun Chang,Ming-De Yan,Hsin-Lun Lee,I-Chun Lai,Pei-Chun Lin,Gi-Ming Lai 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.3
Background: KG-135, a standardized formulation enriched with Rk1, Rg3, and Rg5 ginsenosides, has been shown to inhibit various types of cancer cells; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we explored its effects in A549 human lung cancer cells to investigate the induction of Forkhead Class box O3a (FOXO3a) and autophagy. Methods: Cell viability was determined by sulforhodamine B staining. Apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed using flow cytometry. The changes of protein levels were determined using Western blot analysis. Autophagy induction was monitored by the formation of acidic vesicular organelles stained with acridine orange. Results: KG-135 effectively arrested the cells in G1 phase with limited apoptosis. Accordingly, a decrease of cyclin-dependent kinase-4, cyclin-dependent kinase-6, cyclin D1, and phospho-retinoblastoma protein, and an increase of p27 and p18 proteins were observed. Intriguingly, KG-135 increased the tumor suppressor FOXO3a and induced the accumulation of autophagy hallmark LC3-II and acidic vesicular organelles without an increase of the upstream marker Beclin-1. Unconventionally, the autophagy adaptor protein p62 (sequestosome 1) was increased rather than decreased. Blockade of autophagy by hydroxychloroquine dramatically potentiated KG-135-induced FOXO3a and its downstream (FasL) ligand accompanied by the cleavage of caspase-8. Meanwhile, the decrease of Bcl-2 and survivin, as well as the cleavage of caspase-9, were also drastically enhanced, resulting in massive apoptosis. Conclusion: Besides arresting the cells in G1 phase, KG-135 increased FOXO3a and induced an unconventional autophagy in A549 cells. Both the KG-135-activated extrinsic FOXO3a/FasL/caspase-8 and intrinsic caspase-9 apoptotic pathways were potentiated by blockade of autophagy. Combination of KG- 135 and autophagy inhibitor may be a novel strategy as an integrative treatment for cancers.
Chih-Chun Hsieh,Xiaofei Guo,Chia-Ming Chang,Weite Wu 대한금속·재료학회 2010 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.16 No.3
The purpose of this study is to discuss the development of dendrite δ-ferrite and the precipitation behavior of σ phase in the overlapping heat-affected zones, or the fusion zones, during the multipass dissimilar stainless steels welding process. The color metallographic and color separation techniques were used to clearly identify the δ, σ, and γ phases. The experimental results indicated that the grain refinement was very obvious in the second and third pass fusion zones (304-1 and 304-2) when the welding pass was increased from 1 to 3. This refining phenomenon was attributed to the higher cooling rate and the degree of supercooling. The δ phase precipitated in the secondary and the tertiary dendrite arms of the δ-ferrite and it was able to grow on the dendrite arms along the [111] crystallographic in a 45o angle. The σ phase was also able to form stably after the phase decomposition of δ-ferrite into globular and lacy morphologies.
Chih-Chun Hsi,Weite Wu 대한금속·재료학회 2011 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.17 No.3
The purpose of this report is to discuss the phase transformation from δ-ferrite to σ phase in various welding regions of dissimilar stainless steel welds. Experimental results indicated the grain refinement was very obvious in the second and the third pass fusion zones (304-1 and 304-2) when the welding pass increased from 1 to 3. This refining phenomenon of δ-ferrite was attributed to the recrystallization. The order of morphological development of δ-ferrite in the multipass fusion zones was as follows: massive→columnar→equiaxed. The σphase precipitated in the third pass fusion zone (304-2) and its solidification order is L→δ+L→δ→δ+γ→δ+σ+γwith a composition of σ phase (60 wt.%Fe-35.7 wt.%Cr-4.2 wt.%Ni) of the third pass fusion zone. The precipitation mechanism of the σ phase was as a eutectoid decomposition of δ→σ+γ2.