Argument Structure of Middles

전부미 영산대학교 2000 영산논총 Vol.6 No.-

본 논문은 그 동안 통사론적인 측면에서 주로 연구되어 왔던 중간구문의 논항 구조를 의미론적인 측면에서 고찰한다. 먼저, 중간구문의 의미를 분석하고 중간구문의 여러 의미론적인 자질들을 논의한다. 중간구문이 사역구조를 가지고 있음을 보여주고 그 사역성의 출처를 중간구문의 의미 해석들 동해 논의한다. 본 논문은 사역자(Cause)는 행위자(Agent), 수동자(Patient), 주제(Theme), 장소(Location) 등의 의미 역들과 개념적으로 다른 논항 명칭으로서, 사역동사의 행위자 논항이 사역자 논항과 일치하지 않을 때에는, 사역자 논항이 주어 자리로 실현된다고 주장한다. 중간구문은 비행위자 논항이 사역자로 주어 자리에 실현되는 구문으로서, 행위자 논함은 통사부에 투사되지 못하고 어휘부(lexicon)에서 비한정 공대명사(indefinite null pronoun, pro)로 남아, 총칭적인 의미를 갖게 된다.

磁鐵鑛 鑛球의 還元特性에 미치는 SiO₂CaO 添加의 影響

김부천,梁勳永,이승원 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1977 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

Direct reduction of sintered magnetite ore pellets containing 3-6% SiO₂and CaO with the basicity range of 0.5-2.4 has been made in a fixed bed with coke powder in the temperature range of 900-1200℃. Reduction degree of reduced pellets was obtained from the weight loss of the pellets after reduction. Phase change during the reduction was investigated by X-ray diffraction method and microscopic observation. Followings are the results summerized. 1) At 900℃, reduction was only reached to the wustite. Above 900℃, porous metallic iron layers began to appear and the phase of reduction proceeded topochemically towards the inside of the pellet. 2) Lime addition was more effective to the promotion of reducibility at higher temperature. 3) Reduction rate of the pellet containing 3-6% SiO₂followed well the equation, -log (1-R) = Kt, with the exception of the pellet containing higher CaO at the elevated temperature. Activation energy obtained from the above equation was the range of 21.7-25.5㎉/25.5㎉/mole. 4) Due to swelling, at 1100℃, cracking in the reduced pellet was pronounced at the basicity of 1.5, resulting uniform distribution of metallic iron. 5) In order to promote reduction degree as well as not to crack the pellet reduced, long time reduction at lower temperature followed by shorter reduction at higher temperature was recommendable.

다발성 외상환자에서 필수적 단순 방사선검사의 의의

임경수,황성오,임종천,이부수,이강현,이진웅 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.2

In the guidelines of Advanced Trauma Life Support(ATLS), essential plane roentgenograms (chest AP vIew, cervical spine lateral view and pelvis AP view) are recommanded when primary survey and resuscitation phase are finished in care of multiple injured patients. A prospective study was carried on 376 multiple trauma patients who admitted to Wonju Christian Hospital from July, 1995 to October. We analyzed clinical significance of essential X-ray in multiple trauma patients, and classified the patients by their status of mentality. The one is alert group when their Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) is over 13 point, the other is disoriented mentality group when their GCS are below 12 point. The alert group was redivided by presence of clnical symptoms and/or signs, and clinical significances of essential X-ray were analyzed. Among the 376 patients, 330 patients are alert group that their GCS score is over 13 point and 46 patients are disoriented group who's GCS were below 12 point. The detection rate of abnormality in essential X-ray is higher in disoriented group than alert group(cervical-spine lateral view : 13.5% vs 3.0% cheat AP view : 0.4%, pelvis AP view : 0%). This study suggests that their are no needs of taking essential X-ray in patients who is alert in mental state and have no clinical symptoms and/or signs.

사포 처리한 강섬유의 표면 거칠기가 초고성능 콘크리트의 인발 거동에 미치는 영향

전부기(Chun, Boo Ki),김순호(Kim, Soon Ho),신원식(Sin, Won Sik),류두열(Yoo, Doo Yeol) 한국콘크리트학회 2019 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.31 No.1

Hydrogen Production from Methane Steam Reforming in Combustion Heat Assisted Novel Microchannel Reactor with Catalytic Stacking

Lee, Chun-Boo,Lee, Sung-Wook,Lee, Dong-Wook,Ryi, Shin-Kun,Park, Jong-Soo,Kim, Sung-Hyun American Chemical Society 2013 INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH - Vol.52 No.39

<P>In this study, we further investigate the application of an MCR containing a nickel metal catalyst with variable number of stacks for hydrogen production via MSR. Microchannels were contained in the MCR one side of the nickel metal catalyst with variable number of stacks for producing hydrogen to generate the necessary heat for the endothermic MSR and the combustion reaction was performed on the other side of the MCR. The catalyst used in this study for the MSR reaction, which was a prepared Pd[0.1]-Al[0.3]/Ni catalyst. The methane conversion and hydrogen production mole ratio were 94.7% and 9.39 mol h<SUP>–1</SUP>, respectively, and the steam/carbon (S/C) ratio was 3 at 650 °C, GHSV = 10 000 h<SUP>–1</SUP>. The promise of a feasible simplified system for hydrogen production from the MSR was confirmed. If a hydrogen separation membrane is placed between the MSR elements in an MCR, the forward reaction will be preferentially promoted by the rapid removal of the hydrogen produced through the MSR reaction.</P>

“착한”의 연어현상에 대한 사회언어학적 접근

전부미 ( Boo Mee Chun ) 한국현대언어학회 2014 언어연구 Vol.30 No.2

This paper investigates the collocation of the Korean adjective chakhan ‘good-natured’ with a large variety of nouns referring to [-HUMAN] entities. This non-literal collocation of chakhan is categorized into four groups based on the meaning of chakhan in each collocation. Although collocative chakhan produces different senses in different groups, chakhan in every collocation has at its core a sense of being ‘considerate of others’ which is also implied in the literal meaning of chakhan. Its other different senses come from either the meaning of the nouns it collocates with, or the context in which the collocation appears. The productive use of non-literal chakhan reflects the change in people`s interpretation of chakhada over the years: From the late 1990`s to mid-2000s, it was interpreted to many people as expressing negative human attributes not adequate to survive in the age of unlimited competition and relentless meritocracy. However, as the criticism of the neo-liberalism and the claim for economic democratization have become stronger since 2006 and especially after the global financial crisis in 2008, chakhada has been reinterpreted as a positive value promoting co-existence, sharing and co-prosperity. Extensive use of the chakhan collocation reflects that there is a move away from the current neo-liberalism to a new system which emphasizes sharing and growing together. (Youngsan University)

초고성능 섬유보강 콘크리트의 인발 및 인장 거동 상관관계 분석

전부기(Chun, Boo Ki),김재진(Kim, Jae Jin),김순호(Kim, Soon Ho),류두열(Yoo, Doo Yeol) 한국콘크리트학회 2018 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.30 No.2

논문(論文) : 옥봉(玉峯)의 시세계(詩世界)

천부성 ( Boo Sung Chun ) 한국한문고전학회(구.성신한문학회) 2010 漢文古典硏究 Vol.21 No.1

본 논고는 16世紀 韓國 漢詩史上 宋詩風이 주류를 형성하던 詩風이 唐詩風으로의 전환기를 맞이하여 그 중심에 있던 三唐詩人 중 湖南 제일의 시인으로 꼽히며 五言絶句의 風格이 千年 속에 가장 위대하다고 定評이 나 있는 玉峯 白光勳의 詩世界를 다루고자 하였다. 이에 서론에서는 三唐詩人의 정의와 玉峯 白光勳의 詩에 대한 기존 연구자들의 연구방향과 내용을 제시하고 본 논고의 연구 방향을 제시하였다. 다음으로는 玉峯의 시세계에서는 作品의 槪觀 및 內容別 作品을 통하여 玉峯의 시세계를 分析하였다. 作品의 內容에서는 객지에서 고향을 그리워하는 것이나, 친구와의 이별을 아쉬워하는 孤獨의 情恨, 그리고 역사적 현장에서 역사적 사실을 연상하면서 느끼는 감회를 읊은 無常의 懷古, 산수를 벗하며 자연에 심취 또는 계절의 정취를 읊은 自然의 景物, 마지막으로 世俗을 떠나 山寺에서 짓거나 여러 승려들과 주고받으며 느낀 것을 표현한 交遊의 脫俗으로 분류하여 作品을 분석해 보았다. 玉峯詩의 特徵에서는 修辭的 측면과 內容的 측면으로 분류하여 살펴보았다. 修辭的 特徵에서는 經史 및 故人古事·名人名句에서 詩意와 詩語를 통하여 표현하는 用事性, 자연의 뛰어난 景物을 통해 얻은 시인의 정감을 눈앞에서 그림을 보고 있는 듯 묘사하는 繪·性, 觀念化한 사물을 詩를 통하여 단순한 자연물이 아닌 자신이 추구하는 이상적 삶을 나타내는 象徵性으로 분류해 고찰하였다. 또한 內容的 特徵에서는 淸新한 內容과 古淡한 內容으로 분류해 고찰하였다. 이상과 같이 玉峯의 詩는 기존의 詩가 까다로운 修辭와 난해한 典故를 사용하며, 文學을 과시 혹은 心性修養의 도구로 생각하던 主理的 성향에서 탈피하여 聲律의 생동감 및 자연스러움이 넘치는 언어로 표현하는 主情的 성향의 시임을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 玉峯詩가 관념적이지 않고 개인의 情緖를 솔직하게 표현하며, 生活的 情感을 詩化하여 文學의 獨自性을 확립한 점과, 唐詩의 詩法을 수용하면서도 우리의 풍토에 맞는 개성을 유지하고자 노력하였던 自主性은 특히 玉峯詩를 韓國 漢詩史的 측면에서 조명해 볼 때, 그 位相이 더욱 중요하다고 할 수 있겠다. A poetical style in the late Goryeo and the early Joseon was formed the mainstream of the Song dynasty`s poetic style including Su Dongpo. From a year of King Seongjong, especially the Gangseo poetical style dominated momentarily even out of Song dynasty`s poetic style. Tang Poetry, which had been intermittently followed from the early foundation of a country with entering the 16th century, was finally in full blossom with entering the period of Mokneungseongse(穆陵盛世). In the meantime, the poetic style faced a turning point in the age of Korea`s Hansi(Chinese poetry) history. There were three tang-style poets in the center of Learning Dang`s Poem. This study aims to address the poetic world of Okbong Baek Gwang-hun, who published collection of poems for the first time among three tang-style poets, whose number of works are extraordinarily many, too, who is selected as the best poet in Honam, and who is publicly acknowledged to have greatest refinement of Five-word Poems in a thousand years. In the introduction of ChapterⅠ, it examined the existing research achievements, and inquired into research objective and research method. In Okbong`s poetic world of ChapterⅡ, it performed the formal classification and the content-based classification in works first through a general survey of works. It examined by segmenting the contents of works in the world of work into what feels homesick in a strange land, what expressed the yearning heart with having a friend far away, the sorrow of solitude, which feels regrettable for separation from a friend, the reminiscence of uncertainty, which recited sentiments of being felt while associating with historical fact on the historical field, the scenery of the season in nature with the aim of discovering the matter-based ego in the subject amid nature, the uneasiness about life that is felt in government-post life of the chaotic world, and the unworldliness in friendship of being felt while giving and receiving poems with several Buddhist monks. Next, in the characteristics of Okbong`s poetry of ChapterⅢ, it proceeded with approaching important characteristics of Okbong`s poetry, by exploring the rhetorical characteristics and the content-based characteristics. Okbong accepted Tang Poetic Style, but maintained individuality. He completed individual and intuitive poetry that is excellent in creativity, thereby having obtained a name as a poet of Tang poetical style by changing himself in the middle of poem with leading a peaceful living, and allowed even internal conflict to be sublimed artistically. He can be said to be great in the significance of poetic-literary history in a sense that individualized literature by freely poetizing the specific and individual living emotion and by recovering independent world in poem with escaping from the trend of regarding poem as a means of cultivating culture or nature in life of Sadaebu(scholar-officials of Joseon).

Ceramic barrier coated Pd hydrogen membrane on a porous nickel support

이춘부(Lee, Chun-Boo),이성욱(Lee, Sung-Wook),박진우(Park, Jin-Woo),김광호(Kim, Kwang-Ho),황경란(Hwang, Kyung-Ran),박종수(Park, Jong-Soo),김성현(Kim, Sung-Hyun) 한국신재생에너지학회 2010 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.11

A highly performed Pd-based hydrogen membrane has prepared successfully on a modified porous nickel support. The porous nickel support modified by impregnation method of Al(NO₃)₃{cdot}9H₂O (Aldrich Co.) over the nickel powder showed a strong resistance to hydrogen embrittlement and thermal stability. Plasma surface modification treatment was introduced as a pre-treatment process instead of conventional HCl wet activation. Ceramic barrier was coated on the external surface of the prepared nickel supports to prevent intermetallic diffusion and to enhance the affinity between the support and membrane. Palladium and copper were deposited at thicknesses of 4mu}m and 0.5{mu}m, respectively, on a barrier-coated support by DC sputtering process. The permeation measurement was performed in pure hydrogen at 400?C. The single gas permeation of our membrane was two times higher than that of the previous membrane which do not have ceramic barrier.

L-카르니틴의 사람피부에 대한 항노화 효과

이범천 ( Bum-chun Lee ),최태부 ( Tae-boo Choe ),심관섭 ( Gwan-sub Sim ),이근수 ( Geun-soo Lee ),박성민 ( Sung-min Park ),이천일 ( Chun-il Lee ),표형배 ( Hyeong-bae Pyo ) 대한화장품학회 2004 대한화장품학회지 Vol.30 No.3

L-Carnitine (β-hydroxy-γ-trimethyl-ammoniumbutyric acid)은 분자량이 적은 수용성 분자로서 세포 내 지방 대사에서 중요한 역할을 수행한다. 지방산의 운반 분자인 아실-코에이(acyl-CoA)가 미토콘드리아의 세포막을 투과하지 못하기 때문에 지방산은 CoA로부터 카르니틴으로 운반되어 미토콘드리아에서 작용한다. 노화와 연관된 L-carnitine의 기능을 확인하기 위하여 MMP inhibition assay와 자외선 조사에 의해 유도된 MMP 발현에 대한 영향을 확인하였다. MMP inhibition assay는 콜라겐을 이용한 형광분석법을 실시하였고 자외선 조사에 의해 유도된 MMP 발현양은 ELISA로 정량하였으며 그 활성은 젤라틴 기질 zymography로 확인하였고 MMP mRNA 발현양은 RT-PCR ELISA로 확인하였다. 또한, 사람을 이용한 임상 실험을 통하여 주름 개선 효과를 평가하였다. L-carnitine은 농도 의존적으로 MMP 저해 활성을 나타났으며 IC₅₀ 값은 2.45 mM이었으며 자외선 조사에 의해 발현된 MMP 활성을 강하게 저해하였다. 자외선 조사에 의해 발현되는 MMP에 대해 단백질의 양적인 변화는 40% 정도 감소되었으며 L-carnitine 처리에 의해 농도 의존적으로 MMP mRNA의 발현양은 감소되었다. 이러한 실험결과를 통하여 L-carnitine은 MMP 효소의 저해능 뿐만 아니라 자외선 조사에 의해 유도되는 MMP 단백질 발현과 mRNA 유전자 수준에서의 조절이 가능함을 확인하였다. 사람을 이용한 임상 실험에서는 1% 카르니틴을 함유하는 화장품을 약 3개월간 사용 후에는 유의적으로 주름 개선 효과를 확인하였다. 결론적으로 L-Carnitine은 광노화에 관여하는 MMP 활성과 발현 조절 메커니즘을 통하여 광손상에 대응하는 항노화 소재로서의 화장품에 매우 효과적이었음을 확인하였다. L-Carnitine (β-hydroxy-γ-trimethyl-ammoniumbutyric acid) is a small water-soluble molecule important in mammalian fat metabolism. It is essential for the normal oxidation of fatty acids by the mitochondria, and is involved in the trans-esterification and excretion of acyl-CoA esters. In this paper, to investigate the relationship between aging and L-carnitine, we investigated the effects of in vitro matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibition and activity and expression of UYA-induced MMPs in human skin fibroblasts. Also, we studied to develop as anti-aging cosmetics with L-carnitine. Fluorometric assays of the proteolytic activities of MMP-1 (collagenase) were performed using fluorescent collagen substrates. ELISA (enzyme linked immune sorbent assay), gelatin-substrate zymography, RT-PCR ELISA techniques were used for the effects of L-carnitine on MMP expression, activity, and MMP mRNA expression in UVA irradiated fibroblast (5 J/㎠), respectively. In addition, we performed clinical study with L-carnitine cream. L-carnitine inhibited the activities of MMP-1 in a dose-dependent manner and the IC₅₀ values calculated from semi-log plots were 2.45 mM, and L-carnitine showed strong inhibition on MMP-2 (gelatinase) activity in UVA irradiated fibroblast by zymography. Also, UVA induced MMP-1, 2 expression was reduced 43%, 53% by treated with L-carnitine at 1.25 mM, and MMP-1 mRNA expression was reduced dose-dependent manner. Therefore L-carnitine was able to significantly inhibit the MMP activity, and regulate MMP expression in protein and mRNA level. The results of clinical study showed that 1.0% L-carnitine treated group reduced wrinkle significantly compared with placebo treated group (P<0.05). All these results suggest that L-carnitine may be useful as new anti-aging cosmetics for protection against UVA induced Mm expression and activity.