비소세포 폐암종에서 Cyclin D1, p21 및 p53단백의 발현과 예후와의 관계

양석우,조상호,양우익,정우희,안철민,이두연 대한병리학회 1999 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.33 No.12

Transcriptome profiling of olive flounder responses under acute and chronic heat stress

Woo‑Jin Kim,이규빈,Dain Lee,Hyun‑Chul Kim,Bo‑Hye Nam,Hyungtaek Jung,이선주,Kyunghwan Kim 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.2

Background The olive founder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is a saltwater fsh, which is valuable to the economy. The olive founder strives to adapt to environmental stressors through physiological, biochemical, and transcriptional responses. The rise in water temperature threatens the growth, development, reproduction, and survival of olive founder. Each organ in the olive founder can diferentially respond to heat stress. Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate organ-specifc transcriptional changes in olive founder tissues during heat stress. Methods In this study, transcriptome dynamics of the gill, liver, and muscle of olive founder to acute or chronic heat stress were investigated. Results Principal component analysis plotting revealed that the transcriptome of each organ is quite separated. K-means clustering, gene ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed the diferential transcriptome responses of each organ to heat stress. Heat stress commonly afects the pathways involved in the correct protein folding, DNA repair, and cell cycle. Conclusion Our results may provide a valuable molecular basis of heat acclimation in fshes.

사망진단서(사체검안서) 상의 선행사인으로부터 사망통계의 원사인이 선정되는 비율 : 3개 대학병원에서 교부된 사망진단서를 중심으로

박우성,박석건,정철원,김우철,탁우택,김부연,서순원,김광환,서진숙,부유경 한국의료QA학회 2004 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Background : To exatnine the problems intolved in writing practice of death certificates, we cotnpated the determination of underlying cause of death for wital statistics using recorded underlying cause of death in issued death statistics. Methods : We collected 688 rnortality certificates issue in year of 2,000 from 3 university hospitals. And we also collected vital statistics from ministry of statistics. The causes of death were coded by experienced medical record wpecialists. And causes of death determined at ministry of statistics for national vita statistics were mapped to causes of death recorded at each death certificates. The rate that underlying causes of death for vital statistics were derived from underlying causes of death recorded at issued death certificaties sere analysed. Results : 64.5% of underlying cause of death for could be derived from underlying cause of death recorded at issued death certificates, 8.6% derived from intermediate cause of death, and 3.9% derived from direct cause of death. In 23% of cases, underlying cause of death could not be derived using issued death certificates. The rate that underlying cause of death for vital statistics could be derived from underlying cause of death recorded at death certificates was different between 3 university hospitals. Ane the rate was also different between death certificates and postmortem certificates. We classified the causes of death using 21 major categories. The rate was different between diseases or conditions tha caused death too. Conclusion : When we examined the correctness of death certificate writing practice using abpve methods, cortectness of writing could not be told as satisfactory. There was difference in correctness of writing between hospotals, between death certificates and postmortem certificates, and between diseases and conditions that caused death. With this results, we suggested some strategy to improve the correctness of death certificate writing practice.

좌심방 석회화와 관련된 반복된 좌심방 혈전 1예

김성훈,우성용,오유경,정우백,임철현,신재원,박철수,윤호중,정욱성,홍순조 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.3

폐비닐여재를 적용한 부착성장식 공법의 유기물 및 영양염 제거 특성

서종환,김진우,안철우,이철승,박진식,김수생 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 2003 硏究報告 Vol.25 No.2

This study was carried out to demonstrate the removal characteristics of organic materials & nutrients in attached growth process applied Synthetic Wasted Polyethylene Media which is reused from wasted vinyl in rural. The results are as follows: 1. Removal efficiencies were indicated COD_(cr), 91.4, 92.4, 93.9%, T-N 56.9, 61.4, 65.1% and all T-P 45% or more with HRT 10, 12, 14 respectively. 2. It is indicated BOD volume load 0.18~0.40kg/ ㎥ ·d, COD volume load 0.28~0.53kg/ ㎥ ·d and NH₄-N volume load 0.12kg/ ㎥ ·d respectively. In conclusion, It is showed activated sludge process is replaced with this process applied Synthetic Wasted Polyethylene Media and this process is considered the methods that solve wasted vinyl troubling in a rural.

당뇨병 환자에서 혈장 Thrombin-Antithrombin Ⅲ 및 Plasmin-α_2-Plasmin Inhibitor 복합체의 임상적 의의

김경욱,김은숙,정상수,윤수지,박우일,이준희,남수연,안철우,문병수,김경래,차봉수,송영득,임승길,이현철,허갑범 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.5

연구배경:당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 섬유소용해 체계의 이상경향이 있어 그 결과로 여러 혈관합병증의 발생위험이 높다는 사실은 널리 알려져 있다. 그 기전은 아직 확실히 밝혀지지 않았으나, 고혈당으로 인한 혈장 단백질들의 비효소성 당화작용이나 산화성 스트레스로 인한 유리 라티칼 작용으로 응고항진이나 섬유소용해 활성의 저하를 유발하는 것으로 생각되고 있다. 최근 응고 및 용해인자와 그 억제자의 복합체들의 증가가 이 상태를 비교적 예민하게 반영한다고 알려져 있다. 방법:본 연구에서는 당뇨병 환자 101명과 정상 대조군 20명에서 혈장내 thrombin­antithrombin complex(TAT)와 plasmin­α₂­plasmin inhibitor complex(PIC)를 측정하여 비교하고, 당뇨병 환자에서 미세혈관 합병증과 대혈관합병증의 유무에 따른 차이와, 이미 혈관 질환의 위험인자로 알려져 있는 인자들간의 상관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 결과:1. 환자의 분포를 살펴보면 혈관합병증이 있는 군은 85명, 혈관합병증이 없는 군은 16명이었고, 평균연령은 각각 57.9±14.1세, 49.9±16.6세로 혈관 합병증이 있는 군에서 더 나이가 많았고, 체질량지수는 23.2±3.4㎏/㎡, 24.1±3.4㎏/㎡로 두 군간 유의한 차이는 없었다. 또 두 군간의 혈압 및 HbA1c, 공복혈당 및 인슐린과 C­peptide, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, HDL­콜레스테롤, Lp⒜는 유의한 차이가 없었고, 미세혈관합병증이 있는 군에서 당뇨병의 유병기간이 길었다. 2. TAT 및 PIC의 농도는 정상 대조군에서는 2.8±1.2 ng/mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/mL이었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 9.5±22.6 ng/mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/mL이었다. TAT와 PIC 모두 당뇨병 환자군에서 정상 대조군에 비해 유의하게 증가되어 있었고(p<0.001), TAT/PIC ratio는 두 군간 차이가 없었다. 3. 당뇨병 환자의 혈관합병증에 따른 TAT 및 PIC, fibrinogen 농도는 합병증이 없는 군은 각각 4.1±2.4ng/mL, 362.2±272.0ng/mL, 322.7±102.4mg/mL으로 PIC와 fibrinogen의 증가를 보였으나, 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 또 대혈관 합병증군에서는 각각 6.0±4.9 ng/mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/dL이었으며 미세·대혈관 합병증군에서는 10.4±6.4 ng/mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/dL으로 TAT의 증가를 보였으나 역시 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 4. 미세혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 PIC 농도가 유의하게 높았고(p=0.049), 대혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 총 콜레스테롤 농도가 유의하게 높았다(p=0.042). 5. 총 당뇨병 환자군에서 PIC는 fibrinogen과 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며(r=0.47, 0.31,-0.25), 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.67). 결론:이상의 결과에서 혈장 TAT 및 PIC 농도는 당뇨병 환자에서 정상 대조군에 비해 의미있게 증가되어 있었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 연령의 증가와 유병기간이 혈액응고항진 및 용해의 장애에 큰 역할을 함을 알 수 있었으며, 총 당뇨병 환자군에 PIC와 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 따라서 당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 용해의 장애가 동반되어 있다고 볼 수 있으며, 혈장 TAT 및 PIC는 혈관합병증으로의 진행을 예측하는 지표로서 유용하리라 생각된다. 또 혈당조절정도와 상관성이 있으므로 혈당조절후에 추적검사를 시행하여 합병증의 예방이 가능한지 추후 연구가 필요하리라 생각된다. Background : Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolystic system is known as a predisposing factor of vascular complication in diabetes. Although the pathogenesis is not well known, non-enzymatic glycation reaction and the increase in production of free radicals due to an increased oxidative stress may be linked to the hypercoagulibility and hypofibrinolytic activity. As indices of abnormality in coagulation and firinolysis in peripheral blood, plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ complex (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) were measured. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether hypercoagulability exists in diabetic patients with or without vascular complication. Methods : In our study, we measured plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ compelx (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibit or complex (PIC) in 101 diabetic subjects and 20 controls. Comparing TAT and PIC levels in diabetic microvascular complication group, diabetic macrovascular complication group and controls, we examined correlation between risk factors associated with diabetic vascular complication. Results : 1. The group with diabetic vascular complication was older than group without complication. There was no significant difference in BMI, blood pressure, HbA_ic, blood sugar level, insulin, C-peptide, serum creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, Lp (a) between two groups. The group with diabetic microvascular complication had longer duration of diabetes. 2. Concentration of TAT and PIC were 2.8±1.2 ng/ mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/ mL in controls and 9.5±22.6 ng/ mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/ mL in diabetic patients, respectively. TAT and PIC were significantly higher in diabetic patients than in control (p<0.001). But TAT/PIC ratio was no significant difference between two groups. 3. In diabetic patients, concentration of TAT and PIC and fibrinogen were respectively 4.1±2.4 ng/ mL, 362.2±272.0 ng/ mL, 322.7±102.4 mg/ dL in group without vascular complication and 5.3±4.1 ng/ mL, 529.5±258.7 ng/ mL, 374.9±106.2 mg/ dL in group with microvascular complication, which group had increase in PIC and Fibrinogen but no significance after correction of age. Concentration of TAT and PIC and Fibrinogen were 60.±4.9 ng/ mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/ mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/ dL in macrovascular complication, and 10.4±6.7 mg/ mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/ mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/ dL in combined vascular complication which group showed increase of TAT but also had no significant increase after correction of age. 4. In diabetic microvascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.049) had significant high PIC concentration. In diabetic macrovascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.042) had significant high total cholesterol concentration. 5. In all diabetic patients, PIC was positively correlated with fibrinogen and HbA_1c and negatively correlated BMI (r=0.47, 0.31, -0.25). Only in daibetic patients without angiopathy, TAT was positively correlated with HbA_1c (r=0.67). Conclusion : In this study, plasma TAT and PIC concentration significantly increased in diabetic patients compared with controls, and PIC was increased in group with microvascular complication, TAT were increased in group with combined micro macrovascular complication. However, there was no significance relationship existed when correctinf for age. PIC was correlated with HbA_1c. TAT was correlated with HbA_1c only in the group without angiopathy. Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolysis were combined in diabetes, plasma TAT and PIC can be used as an index of vascular complication. Also we found the correlation with the degree of the blood glucose control. Therefore we need follow up study for the possibility of prevention of vascular complication after controlling the blood glucose to age-matched patients (J Kor Diaabetes Asso 25:354~363, 2001).

속사권총 사격시 총구 및 신체중심 이동 분석

우철호 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

This study is research into techniques to improve Rapid Fire performance and presents quantitative data through the kinetic analysis of the following variables; the time for each phase, the movement distance of gun's muzzle and the movement of the Center of Press(C. O. P). The participating subjects were composed of two groups: An excellent group, made up of one national representative marksman and three ordinary marksmen, all with over 580 points. A standard group, made up of three ordinary marksmen and one high school marksman, all with less than 580 points. The analysis of the gun's tremble was done through three-dimension cinematograph using DLT method. The center of press of the body was analyzed using two force platforms. The analyzed result and conclusions are as follows: 1. Time The excellent group were 0.07 seconds quicker than the ordinary group. Expecially, the most important factor in four seconds series shooting was that the excellent group were 0.09 seconds quicker than the ordinary group in first shooting phase. We should particularly note that in this Rapid Fire research exercise, with in the first phase the shooter shooting as quickly as possible and in the second, third, fourth and fifth phases the shooters shooting at standardized times, the ordinary group were slower. 2. The distance of movement of the gun's muzzle The distance of movement of the gun's muzzle, was shorter for the excellent group from the second to the fifth phase. The tremble of the gun's muzzle was slight. But in the first phase the reason for the bigger distance in the movement of the gun's muzzle was right and left displacement as the shooter vertically raised his gun while taking aim. And so the distance was caused by diagonal movement, and this distance can be reduced by the elimination of left and right displacement as the shooter raises his gun. 3. The distance of the Center of Press The distance of the center of press for the excellent group appeared longer when shooting even though the excellent group averaged quicker over short time in the first phase. There was much more movement of C. O. P for the excellent group when the gun was positioned for firing and then aimed at the target in the firing phase. Generally, the tremble scale of C. O. P for the ordinary group was relatively larger. This was caused by the shooter's feet being too widely apart which caused the tremble of C. O. P. Therefore, the positioning of the feet must be carefully controlled, and the C. O. P must be located vertically at the mid- point between the feet. And so it is especially necessary to correct any wrong positioning of the feet; this was very necessary in the first phase for the excellent group, where there was a great deal of trembling

유구치 기성 금관의 변연 적합도에 관한 연구

우주형,장철호,김정욱,장기택,김종철 대한소아치과학회 2007 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 발거된 기성 금관 수복 유구치를 대상으로 변연 적합도를 관찰 분석하는 것이다. 서울대학교 치과 병원 소아치과에서 수거한 3M사의 기성 금관 수복 유구치를 대상으로 하였다 상악 제 1유구치 42개, 상악 제 2유구치 25개, 하악 제 1유구치 37개, 하악 제 2유구치 28개를 대상으로 기성 금관의 변연에 따라 치근 절단한 후 단면을 Fine Pix S602 디지털 카메라로 촬영한 후 Kappa image base program을 이용해 두각 부위 및 임의로 20 부분의 변연 간격과 전체 기성 금관 면적 중 변연 간격의 면적이 이루는 비율을 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 평균 변연 간격은 상악 제 2유구치, 하악 제 1유구치, 하악 제 2유구치, 상악 제1 유구치 순으로 높았다 (P<0.05). 2. 평균 변연 간격 면적의 비율은 치아의 종류에 관계없이 약 20%를 상회하는 값을 보였다. 3. 상악 제 1,2유구치에서는 근심면의 변연 간격이 가장 컸고, 하악 제 1유구치에서는 원심 설면, 하악 제 2유구치에서는 협면에서 변연 간격이 가장 큰 값을 보였다. Stainless steel crowns are invaluable restorative material for the treatment of badly broken down primary teeth in pediatric dentistry. But it is difficult to fit margin because selection of size is not easy and they are not adjusted for Korean children. The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze the marginal adaptation of stainless steel crown of posterior primary tooth. Marginal surface was taken by Fine Pix S602 digital camera and measurements of crown were recorded at 20 points that were randomly selected for marginal gap evaluation by Kappa image base program. 1. Mean marginal gap were large upper 2nd primary molar, lower 1st primary molar, lower 2nd primary molar, upper 1st primary molar in order(p<0.05). 2. Mean marginal surface dimension ratio was more than 20% irrespective of tooth. 3. Largest amount of marginal gap was shown at mesial surface in upper 1st, 2nd primary molar and distolingual surface in lower 1st primary molar, buccal surface in lower 2nd primary molar.

비정상 질확대경검사 소견을 보이는 환자에서 환상투열요법의 직접적 적용에 관한 연구

우헌탁,이철민,박교훈,조용균,최훈,김복린,이홍균 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.2

Objective: Large Loop Excision of the Transformation Zone (LLETZ) has been widely used for evaluating cervical dysplasia/cancer. We performed this study to evaluate if colposcopically suspected cervical high-grade dysplasia or cancer could be directly evaluated and treated with LLETZ. Methods: 93 women who were scheduled for colposcopic evaluation because of an abnormal cervical cytology report were included in the study in Sanggye Paik Hospital from Jan to Dec 2001. Mean age of the study population was 38.6±9.0. colposcopy directed punch biopsy was not performed and histologic diagnosis was made by LLETZ. Sensitivity and specificity of colposcopic evaluation was calculated and compared with those of cervical cytology. Results: On histopathological examination by LLETZ, 11(11.8%) patients had invasive cancers including 3(3.2%) adenocarcinomas. The sensitivity and specificity of colposcopy for the detection of cervical dysplasia or cancer was 71.7% and 72.3% respectively, wile those of cytology was 56.5% and 74.5% respectively. Conclusion: LLETZ may be adequately performed for the diagnosis and treatment of cervical dysplasia/cancer based on the results of pap smear and colposcopy without punch biopsy. Cost benefit might be anticipated while cost-effectiveness analysis is necessary in the future.

RBF 신경망을 이용한 화자적응에 관한 연구

우선경,강철호 광운대학교 신기술연구소 1997 신기술연구소논문집 Vol.26 No.-

본 논문에서는 Radial Basis Function(RBF) 신경망을 이용한 새로운 화자적응 방법을 제안한다. RBF 신경망은 구조적으로 은닉층과 출력층의 두 층으로 구성되어 있는 계층형 신경망으로서 지도학습으로 원하는 입출력간의 매핑을 한다. 은닉층 내의 각 노드는 입력패턴을 대표하는 중심점(center) 벡터들로 이루어지며 활성화 함수는 시그모이드 함수대신 지수함수로 대체된다. RBF 신경망의 초기 중심점 벡터들을 각각 기준화자의 단어로 구성하고 새로운 화자의 입력단어에 대해 중심점을 갱신함으로써 화자적응을 수행한다. 인식단어는 10개의 D. D. D 지역명을 사용하였고 기준화자를 포함한 화자 5명에 대해서 중심점을 갱신하는 경우와 갱신하지 않는 경우에 대해서 실험하였다. 시험화자의 경우 적응전의 평균 인식율 63.2%에 비해 중심점 갱신없이 출력층의 선형 가중치만 갱신한 경우는 15% 인식율이 향상되었으며 선형 가중치와 함께 중심점을 갱신한 경우는 26.3% 인식율이 향상되었다. In this paper, a new speaker adaptation method using RBF(Radial Basis Function) neural network is proposed. The RBF network is one of the layered neural networks which consist of hidden and output layer. Input-output mapping is provided by supervised learning. Each node in hidden layer includes a center vector which represents input patterns. The activation function of hidden layer substitutes exponential function for sigmoidal function. Initial centers of the RBF network are made of words or reference speaker and speaker adaptation is accomplished by updating centers of input words for new speakers. Ten D. D. D city names, uttered by five speakers including one reference speaker, are used to carry out the speech recognition experiments both with center update and without center update. For test speakers, the recognition rate of 15% is improved by only adjusting linear weights and 26.3% improved by updating both linear weights and center vectors compared with the average one of 63.2% before adaptation.