Skyradiometer를 이용한 공주지역의 에어러솔의 광학적 특성

곽종흠,서명석,이태희,곽서연 公州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2004 自然科學硏究 Vol.11 No.-

본 연구에서는 공주대학교 자연대 옥상에 설치된 분광복사측정기의 일종인 Skyradiometer로 측정된 직달 및 산란 일사량을 이용하여 간접적으로 공주지역의 에어러솔의 광학적 특성을 분석하였다. 분석기간은 2004년 1월부터 11월까지이며 에어러솔의 광학적 특성의 분석에 활용된 알고리즘은 Nakajima et al.(1996)이 개발한 Skyrad.pack.3이다. 주요 분석요소는 에어러솔의 광학두께(AOT), 단일 산란비율(SSA), 옹그스토롬 지수(α) 및 에어러솔의 크기별 분포이며 분석결과의 질을 높이기 위하여 초기 관측 자료의 품질검사를 수행하였다. 공주지역의 11개월 평균 AOT, α 및 SSA는 각가 0.6, 1.1, 그리고 0.9이며 계절 및 기상현상에 따라 큰 시간변동을 보이고 있다. 크기별 입자분포에서는 미세입자와 조대입자에서 최대치가 나타나는 바이 모달 형태를 보이고 있으며 황사(Asian dust) 기간인 봄철에는 조대입자의 총 부피가 크게 증가하였다. 이러한 현상은 봄철동안에 AOT와 SSA가 각각 크게 증가하고 감소하는 점에서도 확인되고 있다. 또한 공주지역의 에어러솔은 풍향에 큰 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 나타나고 있다. We investigate the optical properties of aerosols over Gongju by indirect method using the ground measurement, Skyradiometer. The analysis period is from January to November, 2004. Skyrad.pack.3 is used to estimate the optical properties, such as the aerosol optical thickness(AOT), single scattering albedo(SSA), Angstrom exponent(α) and size distribution, of aerosols from the ground measured radiance data. And quality control process is applied to the raw data to improve the quality of analysis results. The 11-month average of AOT, α and SSA are 0.6, 1.1, and 0.9 respectively. The averaged volume spectra of aerosols show a bi-modal distribution, first peak at fine mode and second peak at coarse mode. Asian dust events clearly increase the AOT and coarse particle, however it decrease the SSA. The effect of wind direction on the optical properties of aerosols over Gonju is not manifest.

大氣中에서의 輻射冷却率 計算

郭宗欽 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1983 과학교육연구 Vol.15 No.1

In order to incorporate the effect of radiation into the numerical experime-nts of the climatic model, a scheme for computing the radiative cooling rates is constructed. The effects included are long wave radiation by water vapor, carb-on dioxide and ozone and the absorption of solar radiation by these gases. The transmissivities of these gases are determined based upon theoretical computations. The effects of clouds are inclucled. By use of this scheme the radiative cooling rates are computed for various latitudes.

中學校 科學科의 實驗實習 敎材의 開1發硏究Ⅰ

郭宗欽,朴炳彬,李元求,宋寅命,崔斗文 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1981 과학교육연구 Vol.13 No.1

The present condition of science education has been investigated b means of questionaires, interviews and referring to literature, and the points at issue gave been extracted on the basis of them, and in consideration of the problems various materials for experiment and practice have been developed to be used for the effective inquiry learning. The present condition and problems of science education in junior high schools are as follows; 1) Science teacher's backgrounds for their teaching profession and majors are good, but they are overburdened and the classes are overcrowded. 2) The textbooks now in use contain too much contents, the levels are high, and the books lack in appropriateness. 3) Especially the contents Presented for experimental activities require too many tasks to be digested in a given time. 4) Experimental facilities or instruments are unsatisfatory in their quantity or quality, and instruments or teaching materials that can be used effectively are far from being sufficient. Futhermore, some experimental instruments are too crude to work successfully. 5) Students' elementary knowledge is not sufficient, and the degrees of their interest or understanding are low. 6) With the teaching methods still conservative and the teachers unable to give satisfactory inquiry leaning. the students are disencouraged. 7) Support of experimental facilities, encouragement of teachers, appropriate school inspection, and administrative or financial aids are desired. In this study, materials for every branch of science have been developed to be available for the effective performance of experiments and practices through inquiry. The materials developed in this study are as follows. 1. The following materials are presented in physics: the relations between the heat quantity of water and the temperature change, and between the heat quantity of the electric heat line and the electric current, for group experiments; the observation of Brown motion, Law of Archimedes, altimeters, comparing the heat capacity of metals, the transmission of radiation, the frictional electricity, the interaction of electric current with magnetic needle, and Fleming's right-hand rule, as the reference materials of demonstration; a program learning materials for diffusion of light with experimental kit utilized in learning the properties of light; a program learning material on the diffraction of light with an experimental kit utilized in learning the diffraction and interference of light. 2. In chenistry, the experimental materials for electrolysis are presented as the teaching-learning material of group experiment. Besides, the errors in the experimental materials and inappropriate expressions in the textbooks now in use are corrected and completed: 3. In biology, problems have been extracted by means of questionaires about the general learning contents and the analisis of Japanese textbooks, and the materials for experiment have been developed. The observation of somatic cell division, that of mold, and that of prothallium are presented as the materials for group experiment. Inquiry learning based on experiment and practice should be settled on the scenes of learning, and the suggestions are made to the effect as follows. 1) The quantity of learning should be reduced, and the levels lowered in the new textbooks. 2) The development and distribution of individual learning materials for the master learning are desirable. 3) The items for group experiment should be reduced to the minimum, and the thorough inquiry learning should be pursued, and the greater part should be replaced by the demonstrative experiments or audio-visual materials. 4) The experimental instruments should be manufactured and distributed on the national scale to ensure their solidity and accuracy. 5) The atmosphere in which inquiry learning is performed by the teacher's creative efforts is greatly needed, To support this conditioning, exhibitions of scientific works should be held continually, science museums operated, the research centers of science education cooperated, new materials for practice developed and studied, and the corporations for research of science education fostered. 6) The measures to lighten the teachers' burden and to encourage them should be contrived.

중위도 겨울철에서 구름의 고도와 중첩이 대기가열 및 냉각율에 미치는 영향

김맹기,곽종흠,서명석 공주대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 自然科學硏究 Vol.9 No.-

이 연구에서는 장파 (Chou et al., 1994) 및 단파(Chou, 1992)복사 모델을 이용하여 중위도 겨울철 조건하에서 구름의 고도, 구름의 중첩이 대기 가열 및 냉각율에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 모델의 입력자료로 사용한 중위도 평균적인 기온, 비습, 오존의 구조는 McClatchey et al.(1972)로부터 얻었다. Based on the longwave and shortwave radiation model, the effects of cloud height and overlapping on the atmospheric heating and cooling rate was studied in midlatitude winter condition. The vertical profiles of air temperature, specific humidity, and ozones was obtained from McClatchey et al.(1972).

열평형 모델에 의한 기후연구

곽종흠(Chong-Heum Kwak) 한국기상학회 1985 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.21 No.1

南韓의 冬季 日最低氣溫 相關關係에 관한 硏究

郭宗欽(Chong Heum Kwak),金聖三(Sung Sam Kim) 한국기상학회 1970 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.6 No.2

태양 복사 에너지 변화가 기온의 자오면 분포에 미치는 영향

곽종흠(Chong-Heum Kwak) 한국기상학회 1990 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.26 No.1

輻射冷却率, Flux 계산에 Godson, Weinreb-Neuendorffer 근사법의 적용

郭宗欽(Chong-Heum Kwak) 한국기상학회 1981 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.17 No.1

鮟鱇網漁業에 依한 참조기 漁獲과 月令에 對하여

鄭公炘,金龍翰 군산대학교 1968 群山水産專門大學 硏究報告 Vol.2 No.1

Along the western coast of Korea, the relations between the catch of Pseudosiaena manchurica using the improved stow net and moon's age are found as follows. 1). The difference between the catch of fore spring tide and that of after spring tide at spawning migration in spring, could not be discernible. 2). The catch in after spring tide, at migration to south in autumn, is expected to be more abundant than that in fore spring tide.

PID 制御器의 最適 自動 調整

鄭源鎔,金鳳載,李壽欽,朴賢泰 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1994 硏究論文集 Vol.12 No.-

In this paper, we propose a new method to deal with the optimal auto-tuning of the PID controller that is used to control process in various fields. First order delay system that was modeled from the unit step response of the system is Pade-approximated, and initial PID parameters are determined by the Ziegler-Nichols method. This method requires calculation of the weight function that includes the maximum overshoot, damping ratio, rising time and setting time by analyze the response of system. Finally, repeating these processes, we can find the parameters of PID controller so as to minimize the weight function. This method has a good adaptability even though variations in characteristics and dead time of the system.