Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Taiwan's Traditional Industries

Yu, Chi-Yuang,Hsu, Yau-Wen,Chung, Yi-Chan,Tsai, Chih-Hung The Korean Society for Quality Management 2004 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.5 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze the prevalence of self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms among the three Taiwan's traditional industries as lathe, electronics and food by the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). Moreover, the study was also to make a comparison among the aforesaid industries for revealing their differences. The result of the questionnaire indicated that the symptoms appeared on the three industries were all originated from four parts as neck, shoulders, elbows, and wrists/hands. More than 68% of the interviewers thought that their symptoms might be related to their work. However, the rate of harmful influence resulted from life or job was over 50%. As to the respect of the interviewers' attitude in treating their symptoms, more than 80% of them neglected or just treated the symptoms by massaging or cold/hot compressing and resting. From the questionnaire, the proportion of symptoms discussed in each item indicated that the distribution, in perceiving symptom, of interviewers were not quite identical; however the Chi-square test discovered majority did not reach 0.05 levels, hence the difference among industries were not significant.

漢語特質與文化對應系列硏究之二 : 單音節詞根

楊靜宜(Yang Ching-Yi),紀智仁(Chi Chih-Jen) 동아인문학회 2009 동아인문학 Vol.15 No.-

The article is about "Chinese monosyllabic stem" along with central thoughts of "Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication". The author deeply researched on the Chinese monosyllabic morpheme by used stem's capability in word-formation to explore the Chinese monosyllabic stem's flexibility, deductive features and interpretation of social and cultural structure changes. The article explained the Chinese lexicon would continually develop and change with characteristics of the times, culture accumulation; it is the mentality and logic of the Han nationality. "Stem" is the basic meaning of the lexicon, stem morpheme really have a certain significance, together with other morpheme constitutes a compound word (phrase) which also contained its main meaning of the Lexicon. Language is the carrier of history and culture, it stored and mapping a long historical development in the process of creation, all kinds of cultural knowledge accumulated of a nation. Looking at the Chinese lexicon development trend is: On-going neologism creation; word-formation gradually complete; Disyllabic trend more conspicuous. This demonstrated that the Chinese monosyllabic stem is the foundation of Chinese Language neologism, which is the ever-changing conform to social and cultural diversity and the evolution of changing. This article continuing the fundamental logic of Monosyllabic stem on calligraphy and Pressed-flowers art creation. From a simple line as the beginning of the artistic spirit, and open to the vivid landscape paintings with the metamorphosis forms of the realm of large pieces of scenery, all the development reflected back to the "Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication". The rule of changing is sourced from "isolated" nature of the complex and sophisticated derivatives. The core of article addressed the Word Family are created from the most primitive, basic, fundamental spirit of the simplest "Chinese monosyllabic stem", and extended and throughout continually with no limitation. The law of changing is rather seemingly dramatic and spontaneous and yet under an elusive deterministic order which all sourced from "Chinese monosyllabic stem" theory.

Maintenance of Stroke Care Quality amid the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak in Taiwan

Chih-Hao Chen,Chi-Hung Liu,Nai-Fang Chi,Pi-Shan Sung,Cheng-Yang Hsieh,Meng Lee,Sung-Chun Tang,Jiann-Shing Jeng,Taiwan Stroke Society Investigators 대한뇌졸중학회 2020 Journal of stroke Vol.22 No.3

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Application of Data Quality Indicator of Carbon Footprint and Water Footprint

Tsai Chi Kuo,Miao-Ling Huang,Chia Wei Hsu,Chiuhsiang Joe Lin,Chih-Chun Hsieh,Chih-Hsing Chu 한국정밀공학회 2015 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.2 No.1

To mitigate the impact of global warming on the environment, many governments, non-profit organizations, and enterprises have formulated relevant standards to assist enterprises in promoting carbon management, and to encourage the design and popularization of low-carbon products. These standards include: PAS 2050, ISO/TS 14067 and so on. Under these initiatives, enterprises try to disclose the carbon and water footprints of the products based on the life cycle. Some enterprises argue and debate that there exists uncertainty of the footprints calculation since the data collection is not systematically. To solve this problem, in this research, the calculation of carbon footprint and water footprint are evaluated with the data quality indicator (DQI) management system. The collected data is evaluated based on the footprint calculation methods. Also the pedigree matrix is constructed as an aide to solve the data uncertainty that included reliability, completeness, times, geography, and technologies differences. Through the DQI, the carbon footprint and water footprint are not only calculated simultaneously, but also correctly. The results could be the reference for products’ environmental improvement.

Optimization of Composite MIM Feedstock Rheological Behaviour by Experimental Analysis

Chen Chih-Cherng,Wu Chi-Wen,Yen Chih-Ming 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

The kneading process and formulations of feedstock obviously affect the quality of MIM products. In the present work, the rheological behaviour of the composite MIM feedstock, metal matrix (Cu) with few additions of ceramic powders (Al2O3), was measured by a self-designed/manufactured simple capillary rheometer. Experimental results show that the distribution between powders and binder is more uniformly when blending time increased. Though high powder loading will increase the feedstock viscosity, the fluidity reveals relatively stable through the load curves of extrusion. Besides, the temperature-dependence of viscosity of the feedstock approximately follows an Arrehnius equation. Basing on Taguchi’s method, the kneading optimization conditions and the rheological model of the feedstock were established, respectively.

冷戰時期泰國華文文學與香港因素 : 以長篇小說為例

웡즈치(Weng Chih-Chi)(翁智琦) 대한중국학회 2021 중국학 Vol.77 No.-

在1950-60年代,泰國的強力反共意識形態不僅排斥了泰國華人社群,對出版品實施的檢閱制度也影響了華文報社運營與文學作品出版。在這段時間,許多華文報社遭到關閉,更有華文作家被迫入獄。為了延續泰華文學的發展,泰華作家群在這段時間提出「泰華作品出國」的號召,並在香港出版多部作品。由於冷戰結構與港英政府的寬鬆治理政策,相較於台灣與中國,香港是當時華人出入境較為自由,同時也是高度商業化發展的地區。因此,香港不僅是中文出版基地,也是西方想像與消費文化的投射之地。本文檢視三部極具代表性的且在香港出版的泰華長篇小說,包含陳汀『三聘姑娘』、史青『波折』以及九位作者集體創作的接龍小說『風雨耀華力』,從中指出香港對於泰華文學的意義何在?泰華文學究竟如何在香港傳播?小說又是如何具體回應?本文認為,它們展現了冷戰時期泰華社群的豐富面貌,並且也表露出泰華文學如何有意識地在困境中突圍之策略。 In 1950-60s, anti-communism prevailed in Thailand. In order to effectively implement anti-communism, Thai government had anti-Chinese measures and censorship system. During that time, many Chinese Newspapers and publishers were forced to close , and some Sino-Thai writers were sent to prison. For continuing the development of Sino-Thai literature, writers had published works abroad, and Hong Kong was the main publishing place due to loose immigration policy and publishing conditions. Because of the British colonial policy and the Cold War structure, Hong Kong not only became a Chinese publishing base, but also a place of imagination for the West and consumer culture. This study tries to focus on three important and representative Sino-Thai novels, which were Chen Din’s Ladies of Sampeng Lane, Shih Qing’s Bo Zhe, and solitaire novel Feng Yu Yaowarat which were written by nine authors, discuss what kind of cultural conditions and resources does Hong Kong provide to Sino-Thai literature, and how does Sino-Thai novels respond to or imagine Hong Kong in their stories? This study regards Sino-Thai literature as a kind of Chinese literature (Hua-wen-wen-xue), which is different from the context of ‘pure Chinese’ and full of small and different Thai characteristics. Moreover, at the story level, these three novels reflect the rich faces of Sino-Thai communities, and at the publishing level, they represent the successful attempts of Sino-Thai literature to break through the predicament during the Cold War.

Sofosbuvir/Ledipasvir in the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C - A Subgroup Analysis from A Nationwide Real-World HCV Registry Program (TACR) in Taiwan

( Ming-Lung Yu ),( Chi-Yi Chen ),( Kuo-Chih Tseng ),( Ching-Chu Lo ),( Pin-Nan Cheng ),( Cheng-Yuan Peng ),( Ming-Jong Bair ),( Chih-Lang Lin ),( Chi-Ming Tai ),( Chi-Chieh Yang ),( Chih-Wen Lin ),( C 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: TASL HCV Registry (TACR) is a nationwide registry program organized and supervised by Taiwan Association for the Study of the Liver (TASL), which aims to setup the database and biobank of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in Taiwan. The present study aimed to evaluate the treatment outcome of sofosbuvir (SOF)/ledipasvir (LDV) in Taiwanese CHC patients in TACR. Methods: By May 2020, 19 tertiary hospitals, 23 community hospitals and one primary care clinic join the TACR program. The baseline characteristics, prior liver and non-liver related medical history, DAA regimens, laboratory results, treatment course and outcome were recorded. The primary objective was sustained virological response, defined as undetectable HCV RNA 3 months after end-of-treatment (SVR12). Results: A total of 4742 SOF/LDV+ ribavirin treated CHC patients with available SVR12 data from 39 sites were enrolled in the current analysis. The mean age was 61.3 years, and female accounted for 54.8% of the population. The dominant viral genotypes were GT1b (52.6%) and GT2 (35.6%). 1354 (28.6%) patients had liver cirrhosis, including 156 (3.3%) with liver decompensation, 552 (11.6%) had preexisting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) before DAAs treatment and 413 (8.7%) had hepatitis B virus dual infections. The overall SVR12 rate was 98.5%, with 98.5%, 98.2%, 99.7% and 98.6% in treatment- naïve non-cirrhotics, treatment-naïve cirrhotics, treatment- experienced non-cirrhotics and treatment-experienced cirrhotics patients, respectively. While patients were stratified by HCV genotype, the SVR12 was 98.5%, 98.4% and 98.5% among those with GT1, GT2 and GT6 infection, respectively. The strongest factor independent associated with treatment failure was DAA adherence < 60% (odds ratio [OR]/95% confidence intervals [CI]: 125.4/25.7-612.4, P<0.0001), followed by active HCC (OR/CI: 6.20/2.57-14.97, P<0.0001), HIV co-infection (OR/CI: 3.01/1.14-7.92, P=0.026), and male gender (OR/ CI: 1.85/1.09-3.13, P=0.023). The eGFR decreased significantly at the end of treatment (EOT) (89.3 ml/min/1.73㎡ vs. 93.2 ml/min/1.73㎡, P< 0.001) and remained stable 3 months after EOT (89.3 ml/min/1.73㎡). However, the decreased eGFR was observed only in patients whose baseline eGFR > 90 ml/ min/1.73㎡. Instead, patients with chronic kidney diseases whose pretreatment eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73㎡ had improved eGFR after SOF/LDV. Conclusions: SOF/LDV is highly effective in treating CHC patients in real-world setting of Taiwan. The satisfactory result could be explicitly generalized to patients with different viral genotypes and liver disease severities.

The Effect of the First Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Event on the Mortality of Cirrhotic Patients with Ascites: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Taiwan

( Tsung-hsing Hung ),( Chen-chi Tsai ),( Yu-hsi Hsieh ),( Chih-chun Tsai ),( Chih-wei Tseng ),( Kuo-chih Tseng ) 대한간학회 2016 Gut and Liver Vol.10 No.5

Background/Aims: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) contributes to poorer short-term mortality in cirrhotic patients with ascites. However, it is unknown how long the effect of the first SBP event persists in these patients. Methods: The National Health Insurance Database, derived from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program, was used to identify and enroll 7,892 cirrhotic patients with ascites who were hospitalized between January 1 and December 31, 2007. All patients were free from episodes of SBP from 1996 to 2006. Results: The study included 1,176 patients with SBP. The overall 30-day, 90-day, 1-year, and 3-year mortality rates in this group were 21.8%, 38.9%, 57.5%, and 73.4%, respectively. The overall 30-day, 90-day, 1-year, and 3-year mortality rates in the non-SBP group were 15.7%, 32.5%, 53.3%, and 72.5%, respectively. After adjusting for gender, age, and other medical comorbidities, the adjusted hazard ratios of SBP for 30-day, 30- to 90-day, 90-day to 1-year, and 1- to 3-year mortality were 1.49 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30 to 1.71), 1.19 (95% CI, 1.02 to 1.38), 1.04 (95% CI, 0.90 to 1.20), and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.77 to 1.05), respectively, compared with the non-SBP group. Conclusions: The effect of SBP on the mortality of cirrhotic patients with ascites disappeared in those surviving more than 90 days after the first SBP event. (Gut Liver 2016;10:803-807)

Exendin-4 improves resistance to Listeria monocytogenes infection in diabetic db/db mice

Hsien Yueh Liu,Chih-Yao Chung,Wen-Chin Yang,Chih-Lung Liang,Chi-Young Wang,Chih-Yu Chang,Cicero Lee-Tian Chang 대한수의학회 2012 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.13 No.3

The incidence of diabetes mellitus is increasing among companion animals. This disease has similar characteristics in both humans and animals. Diabetes is frequently identified as an independent risk factor for infections associated with increased mortality. In the present study, homozygous diabetic (db/db) mice were infected with Listeria (L.) monocytogenes and then treated with the anti-diabetic drug exendin-4, a glucagon-like peptide 1 analogue. In aged db/db mice, decreased CD11b+ macrophage populations with higher lipid content and lower phagocytic activity were observed. Exendin-4 lowered high lipid levels and enhanced phagocytosis in macrophages from db/db mice infected with L. monocytogenes. Exendin-4 also ameliorated obesity and hyperglycemia, and improved ex vivo bacteria clearance by macrophages in the animals. Liver histology examined during L. monocytogenes infection indicated that abscess formation was much milder in exendin-4-treated db/db mice than in the control animals. Moreover, mechanistic studies demonstrated that expression of ATP binding cassette transporter 1, a sterol transporter, was higher in macrophages isolated from the exendin-4-treated db/db mice. Overall, our results suggest that exendin-4 decreases the risk of infection in diabetic animals by modifying the interaction between intracellular lipids and phagocytic macrophages.

Echocardiographic parameters and indices in 23 healthy Maltese dogs

Chih-Hung Tsai,Chao-Chun Huang,Chia Chi Ho,Marta Claretti 대한수의학회 2021 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.22 No.5

Background: Echocardiography is a primary tool used by veterinarians to evaluate heart diseases. In recent years, various studies have targeted standard echocardiographic values for different breeds. Reference data are currently lacking in Maltese dogs and it is important to fill this gap as this breed is predisposed to myxomatous mitral valve disease, which is a volume overload disease. Objectives: To establish the normal echocardiographic parameters for Maltese dogs. Methods: In total, 23 healthy Maltese dogs were involved in this study. Blood pressure measurements, thoracic radiography, and complete transthoracic echocardiography were performed. The effects of body weight, age and sex were evaluated, and the correlations between weight and linear and volumetric dimensions were calculated by regression analysis. Results: The mean vertebral heart size was 9.1 ± 0.4. Aside from the ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and the left atrial to aorta root ratio, all the other echocardiographic parameters were significantly correlated with weight. Conclusion: This study describes normal echocardiographic parameters that may be useful in the echocardiographic evaluation of Maltese dogs.