Bending of a rectangular plate resting on a fractionalized Zener foundation

Cheng-Cheng Zhang,Hong-Hu Zhu,Bin Shi,Guo-Xiong Mei 국제구조공학회 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.52 No.6

The long-term performance of plates resting on viscoelastic foundations is a major concern in the analysis of soil-structure interaction. As a powerful mathematical tool, fractional calculus may address these plate-on-foundation problems. In this paper, a fractionalized Zener model is proposed to study the time-dependent behavior of a uniformly loaded rectangular thin foundation plate. By use of the viscoelasticelastic correspondence principle and the Laplace transforms, the analytical solutions were obtained in termsof the Mittag-Leffler function. Through the analysis of a numerical example, the calculated plate deflection, bending moment and foundation reaction were compared to those from ideal elastic and standard viscoelastic models. It is found that the upper and lower bound solutions of the plate response estimated by the proposed model can be determined using the elastic model. Based on a parametric study, the impacts of model parameters on the long-term performance of a foundation plate were systematically investigated. The results show that the two spring stiffnesses govern the upper and lower bound solutions of the plate response. By varying the values of the fractional differential order and the coefficient of viscosity, the timedependent behavior of a foundation plate can be accurately captured. The fractional differential order seems to be dependent on the mechanical properties of the ground soil. A sandy foundation will have a small fractional differential order while in order to simulate the creeping of clay foundation, a larger fractional differential order value is needed. The fractionalized Zener model is capable of accounting for the primary and secondary consolidation processes of the foundation soil and can be used to predict the plateperformance over many decades of time.

Low dietary inorganic phosphate affects the lung growth of developing mice

Cheng-Xiong Xu,Hua Jin,정윤선,신지영,황순경,권정택,박성진,이은순,Arash Minai-Tehrani,장승희,우민아,Mi-Suk Noh,안길환,이기호,조명행 대한수의학회 2009 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE Vol.10 No.2

Inorganic phosphate (Pi) plays a critical role in diverse cellular functions, and regulating the Pi balance is accomplished by sodium-dependent Pi co-transporter (NPT). Pulmonary NPT has recently been identified in mammalian lungs. However, to date, many of the studies that have involved Pi have mainly focused on its effect on bone and kidney. Therefore, current study was performed to discover the potential effects of low Pi on the lung of developing transgenic mice expressing the renilla/firefly luciferase dual reporter gene. Two-weeks old male mice divided into 2 groups and these groups were fed either a low PI diet or a normal control diet (normal: 0.5% Pi, low: 0.1% Pi) for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks of the diet, all the mice were sacrificed. Their lungs were harvested and analyzed by performing luciferase assay, Western blotting, kinase assay and immunohistochemistry. Our results demonstrate that low Pi affects the lungs of developing mice by disturbing protein translation, the cell cycle and the expression of fibroblast growth factor-2. These results suggest that optimally regulating Pi consumption may be important to maintain health.

Functional study of Villin 2 protein expressed in Longissimus dorsi muscle of Korean native cattle in different growth stages

( Yong Cheng Jin ),( Jeng A Han ),( Cheng Xiong Xu ),( Sang Kee Kang ),( Sang Hun Kim ),( Kang Suk Seo ),( Du Hak Yoon ),( Yun Jaie Choi ),( Hong Gu Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2012 BMB Reports Vol.45 No.2

The aim of this study was to investigate protein profiles related to the induction of adipogenesis within the bovine longissimus dorsi muscle (BLDM) by proteomic analysis. We analyzed BLDM proteins at different growth stages to clarify the physiological mechanisms of marbled muscle development in 20 head of Korean native cattle (11 month: 10 head, 17 month: 10 head). BLDM proteins were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and image analysis. Villin 2 was specifically identified by mass spectrometry and a protein search engine. Villin 2 protein expression in BLDM decreased during the fat development stage in test steers. In a Western blot cell culture study of spontaneously immortal bovine muscle fibroblasts, the abundance of Villin 2 was shown to be down-regulated during differentiation into muscle. In 3T3-L1 mouse embryonic fibroblasts, Villin 2 was decreased during differentiation into adipocytes. The results suggest that Villin 2 may be related to the induction of transdifferentiation and adipogenesis in bovine longissimus dorsi muscle. [BMB reports 2012; 45(2): 102-107].

Bending of a rectangular plate resting on a fractionalized Zener foundation

Zhang, Cheng-Cheng,Zhu, Hong-Hu,Shi, Bin,Mei, Guo-Xiong Techno-Press 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.52 No.6

The long-term performance of plates resting on viscoelastic foundations is a major concern in the analysis of soil-structure interaction. As a powerful mathematical tool, fractional calculus may address these plate-on-foundation problems. In this paper, a fractionalized Zener model is proposed to study the time-dependent behavior of a uniformly loaded rectangular thin foundation plate. By use of the viscoelastic-elastic correspondence principle and the Laplace transforms, the analytical solutions were obtained in terms of the Mittag-Leffler function. Through the analysis of a numerical example, the calculated plate deflection, bending moment and foundation reaction were compared to those from ideal elastic and standard viscoelastic models. It is found that the upper and lower bound solutions of the plate response estimated by the proposed model can be determined using the elastic model. Based on a parametric study, the impacts of model parameters on the long-term performance of a foundation plate were systematically investigated. The results show that the two spring stiffnesses govern the upper and lower bound solutions of the plate response. By varying the values of the fractional differential order and the coefficient of viscosity, the time-dependent behavior of a foundation plate can be accurately captured. The fractional differential order seems to be dependent on the mechanical properties of the ground soil. A sandy foundation will have a small fractional differential order while in order to simulate the creeping of clay foundation, a larger fractional differential order value is needed. The fractionalized Zener model is capable of accounting for the primary and secondary consolidation processes of the foundation soil and can be used to predict the plate performance over many decades of time.

Poly(ester amine)-mediated, aerosol-delivered Akt1 small interfering RNA suppresses lung tumorigenesis.

Xu, Cheng-Xiong,Jere, Dhananjay,Jin, Hua,Chang, Seung-Hee,Chung, Youn-Sun,Shin, Ji-Young,Kim, Ji-Eun,Park, Sung-Jin,Lee, Yong-Hoon,Chae, Chan-Hee,Lee, Kee Ho,Beck, George R,Cho, Chong-Su,Cho, Myung-Ha American Lung Association 2008 American journal of respiratory and critical care Vol.178 No.1

<P>RATIONALE: The low efficiency of conventional therapies in achieving long-term survival of patients with lung cancer calls for the development of novel therapeutic options. Recent advances in aerosol-mediated gene delivery have provided the possibility of an alternative for the safe and effective treatment of lung cancer. OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate the feasibility and emphasize the importance of noninvasive aerosol delivery of Akt1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) as an effective and selective option for lung cancer treatment. METHODS: Nanosized poly(ester amine) polymer was synthesized and used as a gene carrier. An aerosol of poly(ester amine)/Akt1 siRNA complex was delivered into K-ras(LA1) and urethane-induced lung cancer models through a nose-only inhalation system. The effects of Akt1 siRNA on lung cancer progression and Akt-related signals were evaluated. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The aerosol-delivered Akt1 siRNA suppressed lung tumor progression significantly through inhibiting Akt-related signals and cell cycle. CONCLUSIONS: The use of poly(ester amine) serves as an effective carrier, and aerosol delivery of Akt1 siRNA may be a promising approach for lung cancer treatment and prevention.</P>

Cyclic AMP Responsive Element Binding Protein 3-like 4/AarF Domain Containing Kinase 5 Axis Facilitates Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells by Modulating the TGFβ Pathway

Cheng Ai,Tenghao Rong,Zhengyu Chen,Wang Shen,Kaili Huang,Qiang Li,Jing Xiong,Wen Li 한국생물공학회 2023 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.28 No.1

Cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein 3-like 4 (CREB3L4) has been reported as a transcription factor showing high expression in various cancers, whereas the mechanism of CREB3L4 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression remains unclear yet. Expression levels of CREB3L4 and its downstream target gene AarF Domain Containing Kinase 5 (ADCK5) in LUAD tissues were analyzed by bioinformatics methods and were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction at cellular level. The signaling pathways in which the downregulated ADCK5 enriched were analyzed via Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. The regulatory relationship between CREB3L4 and ADCK5 was identified by ChIP and dual luciferase reporter assay. CCK-8 and colony formation assays were utilized to evaluate LUAD cell proliferation. Transwell was utilized to measure migration and invasion of LUAD cells. Western blot was employed to check expression changes of CREB3L4, ADCK5, TGFβ pathway proteins and Epithelial- Mesenchymal Transition related proteins. Compared with paracancer tissues, CREB3L4 and ADCK5 were highly expressed in LUAD tissues, while silencing CREB3L4 could dramatically hinder invasion, proliferation and migration of LUAD cells. ADCK5 was the downstream target gene of CREB3L4, and CREB3L4 promoted the transcription of ADCK5. ADCK5 was markedly enriched in the TGFβ pathway, which stimulated the malignant development of LUAD cells by activating this pathway. In addition, the rescue assay verified that CREB3L4 regulated the TGFβ pathway by activating ADCK5, thereby accelerating LUAD cell malignant phenotypes. This study revealed the mechanism of CREB3L4/ADCK5 axis facilitating malignant phenotypes of LUAD cells, and bred new insights into the LUAD treatment.

Transcriptome sequencing provides insights into the metabolic pathways of patchouli alcohol and pogostone in Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth

Cheng Peng,Yang He,Cao Deng,Liang Xiong,Shishang Qin 한국유전학회 2016 Genes & Genomics Vol.38 No.11

Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. is an important medicinal plant; however, its molecular biology remains largely unexplored. Here, we report the results of whole transcriptome-wide analyses of P. cablin using nextgeneration sequencing technology. In the present study, we generated 108,996 unigenes using RNA sequencing data. Among these unigenes, 65,536 were annotated in the NR database. There were 40,670 intact open reading frames (ORFs), which accounted for 69 % of the 58,820 predicted ORFs, demonstrating that our assembled transcriptome was of high quality. Gene expression levels in the leaf and stem were quantified, and 18,481 unigenes (17 %) were determined to be significantly differentially expressed. The patchouli alcohol (PA) and pogostone (PO) metabolic pathway of P. cablin was also reconstructed, and among the 17 putative homologs to PA and PO biosynthesis-related genes, seven were significantly upregulated in the stems, and three genes were significantly upregulated in the leaves. The correlation between the essential oil contents of P. cablin and the potentially pivotal genes for PA and PO production were identified. Considering that the contents of PA and PO in leaves and stems are markedly different in the same plant and we did not detect any pattern in the expression levels of candidate genes between leaves and stems, we speculate that after the biosynthesis, more PA probably accumulates in the leaves, and more PO in the stems of P. cablin. The transcriptome of P. cabin will facilitate further researches on the molecular system biology of the Pogostemon genus, as well as the in-depth studyies of PA and PO biosynthesis and its potential applications for genetic engineering.

Comparative RNA-seq analysis and ceRNA network of genistein-treated GT1-7 neurons

Xiong Jingyuan,Tian Ye,Ma Guochen,Ling Aru,Shan Shufang,Cheng Guo 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2023 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.19 No.3

Background Genistein is an isofl avone and phytoestrogen originated from soybean and soy products. Due to the close structural and functional proximity towards 17β-estradiol, genistein has been suggested to infl uence endocrine and reproductive systems. Previous studies showed that genistein could aff ect hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis and impact gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion in hypothalamic GT1-7 neurons. However, the underlying mechanism remains mostly unknown. Objectives Comparative transcriptomic analyses of mRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) were performed in genistein-treated GT1-7 cells by high-throughput RNA sequencing. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks were constructed based on potential interactions in lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs. Results Compared to the control, 1134, 1126 and 30 diff erentially expressed mRNA, lncRNA and miRNAs were identifi ed. The most signifi cantly upregulated mRNA was growth-regulating estrogen receptor binding 1 ( Greb1 ), possibly related to the increased levels of estrogen receptors ( Esr1 and Esr2 ). Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses demonstrated that genistein interfered with cell cycle, metabolic processes, as well as GnRH and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in GT1-7 cells. CeRNA networks predicted that prostatic cancer-related miRNA mmu-miR-212-5p and its targeted genes Phf2 and Aldh3b1 might be associated with the regulation of genisteininduced GnRH secretion in GT1-7 cells, and 27 lncRNAs could completely interact with mmu-miR-212-5p and downregulate the transcription of target genes. Conclusion Results from the study could provide potential targets of both mRNA and non-coding RNAs for further studies to explore the endocrine-interfering eff ects of genistein.

Traffic Engineering and Manageability for Multicast Traffic in Hybrid SDN

( Cheng Ren ),( Sheng Wang ),( Jing Ren ),( Xiong Wang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2018 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.12 No.6

Multicast communication can effectively reduce network resources consumption in contrast with unicast. With the advent of SDN, current researches on multicast traffic are mainly conducted in the SDN scenario, thus to mitigate the problems of IP multicast such as the unavoidable difficulty in traffic engineering and high security risk. However, migration to SDN cannot be achieved in one step, hybrid SDN emerges as a transitional networking form for ISP network. In hybrid SDN, for acquiring similar TE and security performance as in SDN multicast, we redirect every multicast traffic to an appropriate SDN node before reaching the destinations of the multicast group, thus to build up a core-based multicast tree substantially which is first introduced in CBT. Based on the core SDN node, it is possible to realize dynamic control over the routing paths to benefit traffic engineering (TE), while multicast traffic manageability can also be obtained, e.g., access control and middlebox-supported network services. On top of that, multiple core-based multicast trees are constructed for each multicast group by fully taking advantage of the routing flexibility of SDN nodes, in order to further enhance the TE performance. The multicast routing and splitting (MRS) algorithm is proposed whereby we jointly and efficiently determine an appropriate core SDN node for each group, as well as optimizing the traffic splitting fractions for the corresponding multiple core-based trees to minimize the maximum link utilization. We conduct simulations with different SDN deployment rate in real network topologies. The results indicate that, when 40% of the SDN switches are deployed in HSDN as well as calculating 2 trees for each group, HSDN multicast adopting MRS algorithm can obtain a comparable TE performance to SDN multicast.

ASCL2 Gene Expression Analysis and Its Association with Carcass Traits in Pigs

Cheng, H.C.,Zhang, F.W.,Deng, C.Y.,Jiang, C.D.,Xiong, Y.Z.,Li, F.E.,Lei, M.G. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.10

Achaete-scute like 2 (ASCL2) gene encodes a member of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor which is essential for the maintenance of proliferating trophoblasts during placental development. ASCL2 gene preferentially expresses the maternal allele in the mouse. However, it escapes genomic imprinting in the human. In this study, the complete open reading frame consisting of 193 amino acids of ASCL2 gene was obtained. Sequence analysis indicated that a C-G mutation existed in the 3' region between Meishan and Large White pigs. The polymorphism was used to determine the monoallelic or biallelic expression with RT-PCR-RFLP in pigs of Large $White{\times}Meishan$ $F_1$ hybrids. Imprinting analysis indicated that the ASCL2 gene expression was biallelic in all the tested tissues (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, small intestine, skeletal muscle, fat, uterus, ovary and pituitary). PCR-RFLP was used to detect the polymorphism in 270 pigs of the "$Large\;White{\times}Meishan$" $F_2$ resource population. The statistical results showed highly significant associations of the genotypes and fat meat percentage (FMP), lean meat percentage (LMP) and ratio of lean to fat (RLF) (p<0.01), and significant associations of the genotypes and loin eye area (LEA) and internal fat rate (IFR) (p<0.05).