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A Brief Review of Penalty Methods in Genetic Algorithms for Optimization
Gen, Mitsuo,Cheng, Runwei 한국경영과학회 1996 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1
Penalty technique perhaps is the most common technique used in the genetic algorithms for constrained optimization problems. In recent years, several techniques have been proposed in the area of evolutionary computation. However, there is no general guideline on designing penalty function and constructing an efficient penalty function is quite problem-dependent. The purpose of the paper is to give a tutorial survey of recent works on penalty techniques used in genetic algorithms and to give a better classification on existing works, which may be helpful for revealing the intrinsic relationship among them and for providing some hints for further studies on penalty techniques.
CASPT2 Study on the Low-lying Electronic States of 1,3,5-C6H3Cl3 + Ion
Shu-Yuan Yu,Cheng-Gen Zhang,Shu-Jun Wang 대한화학회 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.5
The multiconfiguration second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) and complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) methods were employed to calculate the geometries and energy levels for the low-lying electronic states of 1,3,5-C6H3Cl3 + ion. The CASPT2 values for the 1,3,5-C6H3Cl3 + ion were in reasonable agreement with the available experimental values. The current calculations augmented previous theoretical investigations on the ground state and assigned the low-lying excited electronic states of the 1,3,5-C6H3Cl3 + ion. The Jahn-Teller distortion in the excited electronic state for the 1,3,5-C6H3Cl3 + ion were reported for the first time.
朴宗根(piao zong gen),畢成(bi cheng) 전북대학교 법학연구소 2012 法學硏究 Vol.37 No.-
1996년 이후 최신의 개정인 범죄적인 순서법 개정안은, NPC 상임위원회에 의해서 2012년 3월에 가결되었다. 내용의 절반이 최신판으로 새롭게 더해지고, 수정의 대부분을, 개정안은 바꾸었다. 개정내용은 방어 시스템과 증거 시스템과 같은 기본적인 소송시스템상에서 논평하였다. 그리고 개정안에 관련이 있는 소송에 대해 똑같이 범죄의 조사(investigation), 수사(prosecution), 재판(trial), 집행(execution) 등 상황을 담고 있다. 이 논문은 논의 중에서 건설적 어드바이스를 통하여 해당 법률에 있어서 한층 더 나은 개정으로 나아가는 것을 목표로 한다. The Criminal Procedure Law Amendment which is the latest amendment since 1996 is passed in March 2012 by NPC Standing Committee. The Amendment has changed a lot that half of the articles are newly added and revised in this latest revision. The article reviews on basic lawsuit systems such as the defense system and the evidence system, covering criminal investigation,prosecution,trial,execution,and other stages alike in litigation that are related to the Amendment. It aims at providing constructive advice for the further revision of the law under discussion.
Yu, Shu-Yuan,Zhang, Cheng-Gen,Wang, Shu-Jun Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.5
The multiconfiguration second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) and complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) methods were employed to calculate the geometries and energy levels for the low-lying electronic states of 1,3,5-$C_6H_3Cl{_3}^+$ ion. The CASPT2 values for the 1,3,5-$C_6H_3Cl{_3}^+$ ion were in reasonable agreement with the available experimental values. The current calculations augmented previous theoretical investigations on the ground state and assigned the low-lying excited electronic states of the 1,3,5-$C_6H_3Cl{_3}^+$ ion. The Jahn-Teller distortion in the excited electronic state for the 1,3,5-$C_6H_3Cl{_3}^+$ ion were reported for the first time.
Qing-Hua Tian,Chun-Gen Wu,Quan-Ping Xiao,Cheng-Jian He,Yi-Feng Gu,Tao Wang,Ming-Hua Li 대한영상의학회 2014 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.15 No.6
Glucocorticosteroid-induced osteoporosis is the most frequent of all secondary types of osteoporosis, and can increase the risk of vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). There are promising additions to current medical treatment for appropriately selected osteoporotic patients. Few studies have reported on the efficiency of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) or kyphoplasty for whole thoracic and lumbar glucocorticosteroid-induced osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. We report a case of a 67-year-old man with intractable pain caused by successional VCFs treated by PVP.
Yan Lan,Le-Gen Nong,Chuan-Dong Wei,Wen-Cheng Chen,Jun-Li Wang,Chun-Fang Wang,Guo-Gang Pan,Ye-Sheng Wei 연세대학교의과대학 2015 Yonsei medical journal Vol.56 No.2
Purpose: Although the polymorphisms of erythrocyte complement receptor type 1 (CR1) in patients with malaria have been extensively studied, a question of whether the polymorphisms of CR1 are associated with severe malaria remains controversial. Furthermore, no study has examined the association of CR1 polymorphisms with malaria in Chinese population. Therefore, we investigated the relationship of CR1 gene polymorphism and malaria in Chinese population. Materials and Methods:We analyzed polymorphisms of CR1 gene rs2274567 G/A, rs4844600 G/A, and rs2296160 C/T in 509 patients with malaria and 503 controls, using the Taqmangenotyping assay and PCR-direct sequencing. Results: There were no significantdifferences in the genotype, allele and haplotype frequencies of CR1 gene rs2274567 G/A, rs4844600 G/A, and rs2296160 C/T polymorphisms between patientswith malaria and controls. Furthermore, there was no association of polymorphismsin the CR1 gene with the severity of malaria in Chinese population. Conclusion:These findings suggest that CR1 gene rs2274567 G/A, rs4844600 G/A, and rs2296160 C/T polymorphisms may not be involved in susceptibility to malariain Chinese population.
Perforation optimization of hydraulic fracturing of oil and gas well
Zhu, Hai Yan,Deng, Jin Gen,Chen, Zi Jian,An, Feng Chen,Liu, Shu Jie,Peng, Cheng Yong,Wen, Min,Dong, Guang Techno-Press 2013 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.5 No.5
Considering the influences of fluid penetration, casing, excavation processes of wellbore and perforation tunnels, the seepage-deformation finite element model of oil and gas well coupled with perforating technique is established using the tensile strength failure criterion, in which the user-defined subroutine is developed to investigate the dynamic evolvement of the reservoir porosity and permeability. The results show that the increases of perforation angle and decreases of perforation density lead to a higher fracture initiation pressure, while the changes of the perforation diameter and length have no evident influences on the fracture initiation pressure. As for initiation location for the fracture in wellbore, it is on the wellbore face while considering the presence of the casing. By contrast, the fractures firstly initiate on the root of the tunnels without considering casing. Besides, the initial fracture position is also related with the perforation angle. The fracture initiation position is located in the point far away from the wellbore face, when the perforation angle is around $30^{\circ}$; however, when the perforation angle is increased to $45^{\circ}$, a plane fracture is initiated from the wellbore face in the maximum horizontal stress direction; no fractures was found around perforation tunnels, when the angel is close to $90^{\circ}$. The results have been successfully applied in an oilfield, with the error of only 1.1% comparing the fracture initiation pressure simulated with the one from on-site experiment.
Shu-Jun Wang,Yu-Ling Peng,Cheng-Gen Zhang,Yong-Bing Li,Chao Liu 대한화학회 2015 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.36 No.11
Three metal-free porphyrins modified with Boc-l-threonine and their zinc analogs were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis,1H NMR, UV/vis, and fluorescence spectroscopies. The binding of imidazole derivatives to these zinc porphyrins was studied, with emphasis on the binding mechanism in CH2Cl2 solution, by means of UV/vis spectroscopy and quantum chemical methods. Both experimental results and theoretical calculations showed that a coordination reaction occurred between the zinc porphyrins and imidazole derivatives. The association constants between the zinc porphyrins and imidazole derivatives decreased in the order N-MeIm>Im. Increasing the temperature disfavored the interaction. Thermodynamic parameters calculated by the van't Hoff equation showed that the driving force for the reaction was the enthalpy change. The fluorescence changes associated with the interaction between the zinc porphyrins and imidazole derivatives were also studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. The experimental results showed significant quenching between the various zinc porphyrins and imidazole derivatives.