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The Impact of Safety Requirements on Shipbuilding
Kuo, Chen-gi The Society of Naval Architects of Korea 1997 Journal of ship and ocean technology Vol.1 No.2
The paper begin by examining shipbuilding in the context of competitiveness, specification and cost-effectiveness before considering the impact of safety requirements in the its operations. The basis of the safety case approach is then given, and its application to shipbuilding is illustrated by an example based on the use of staging in ship construction. The key conclusion is that the safety case approach provides the management with a technique for treating potential hazards in shipbuilding so that their risks can be kept within an acceptable level.
Inhalation Exposure to Nickel Hydroxide Nanoparticles Induces Systemic Acute Phase Response in Mice
Gi Soo Kang,Patricia Anne Gillespie,Lung-Chi Chen 한국독성학회 2011 Toxicological Research Vol.27 No.1
It has been proposed that acute phase response can be a mechanism by which inhaled particles exert adverse effects on the cardiovascular system. Although some of the human acute phase proteins have been widely studied as biomarkers of systemic inflammation or cardiovascular diseases, there are only a few studies that investigated the role of serum amyloid P (SAP), a major acute phase protein in mice. In this study, we investigated the changes in SAP, following inhalation exposure to nickel hydroxide nanoparticles (nano-NH). We conducted 1) acute (4 h) exposure to nano-NH at 100, 500, and 1000 ㎍/㎥ and 2) sub-acute (4h/d for 3d) exposure at 1000 ㎍/㎥, then measured serum SAP protein levels along with hepatic Sap mRNA levels. The results show that inhaled nano-NH can induce systemic acute phase response indicated by increased serum SAP levels and hepatic Sap mRNA levels. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study showing induction of SAP in response to repeated particle exposure, and the results suggest that SAP can be used as a biomarker for systemic inflammation induced by inhaled particles.
Chen, Jiangzhao,Kim, Seul-Gi,Ren, Xiaodong,Jung, Hyun Suk,Park, Nam-Gyu The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.7 No.9
<P>Fabrication of high-quality perovskite films with a large grain size and fewer defects is always crucial to achieve efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, we report a simple and effective method for crystal growth and defect passivation <I>via</I> additive engineering. It is found that bidentate ligand 2,2′-bipyridine (Bpy) and tridentate ligand 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine (Tpy) show a positive effect on the power conversion efficiency (PCE) while a negative effect is observed for monodentate pyridine (Py). Bpy or Tpy additives increase the grain size and carrier lifetimes, which indicates that the degree of interaction between Lewis acid species in the precursor solution and pyridine derivatives plays a critical role in modulating grain growth and passivating defects. Moreover, device stability is improved upon introduction of Bpy or Tpy additives, which is mainly ascribed to suppressed trap-assisted non-radiative recombination as a consequence of reduced defect density. This work highlights the importance of rational engineering of additives for the purpose of simultaneous realization of morphological improvement and defect passivation in efficient and stable PSCs.</P>
Chen, Wei Dong,Jung, Hye Min,Jang, Won Gi,Hong, Byung Pyo,Byun, Hong Sik Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2013 Advanced materials research Vol.726 No.-
<P>In this paper, poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanofiber was prepared by an electrospinning method. Graphene oxide sheets was obtained via filtration from graphene oxide aqueous solution which synthesized by Hummers method. By sonication, a homogeneously dispersed and well distributed poly acylic acid and graphene oxide nanosheets solution were obtained, and this can be used to modify the neat poly (vinylidene fluoride) nanofiber membrane for not only increasing the hydrophilic properties but also improving the mechanical properties. The poly(vinylidene fluoride)/graphene oxide composite membrane was characterized by SEM, FT-IR, pore properties and mechanical properties. The composite membrane showed an appropriate pore size, excellent mechanical property comparing with pure poly(vinylidene fluoride) membrane. The results showed the membrane could be feasibly used as a MF membrane.</P>
아세안 상위 10개 항공사의 집중 및 분산과정의 종단적 분석
Chen Jiarong,Dat Le Tien,여기태(Gi-Tae Yeo) 한국국제상학회 2021 國際商學 Vol.36 No.1
항공은 아세안(ASEAN)의 발전에 기여하는 중요한 산업이다. 본 연구는 아세안 상위 10개 항공사를 대상으로 탑승객 숫자를 기준으로 집중 및 분산과정의 종단적인 발전과정을 분석하는 것이 연구의 목적이다. 연구의 방법으로 허핀달-허쉬만 분석(집중도 분석), 집중도 분석(CR 분석), 지니계수 분석, 전이할당 분석을 활용하였다. 첫째, 집중도 분석(CR 분석) 결과 CR 값은 0.39-0.48 사이에서 변화하면서 집중 및 분석을 반복하는 경향을 보였다. 2011년에 상위 3위 항공사의 영향력이 가장 낮았으며, 이외 항공사가 탑승객을 나누어 유치하였다. 둘째, 허핀달-허쉬만 및 지니계수 분석결과 역시 집중 및 분산현상이 섞여서 나타났다. 마지막으로 전이할당 분석결과 에어아시아(AirAsia)사가 13.97백만 명의 승객 전이효과를 이루었으며, 절대성장률 측면에서는 20.18백만 명을 나타내며 가장 우수한 성과를 나타냈다. 본 연구는 가장 적합한 방법론을 활용하여 2010-2018년 아세안 지역 항공사의 개관적인 분석결과를 제공하였다는 점에 시사점이 있다. Purpose : Airline transportation is an important industry contributing to the development of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). This research aims to analyze the longitudinal development of the top 10 airlines in ASEAN. Research methodology : The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), concentration ratio (CR), Gini coefficient, and shift-share analysis (SSA) index using the passenger throughput were selected as research methods. Results : The following results were obtained: first, the CR3 index indicated the mixed situation of concentration and decentralization, as the CR3 index fluctuated from 0.39 to 0.48. In 2011, the top three airlines’ power was lowest, and the remaining companies shared more passengers. Second, the results of the HHI and Gini indices show the trends of concentration and deconcentration in mixed way. Finally, the shift– share effects analysis results indicate that AirAsia Airlines, which had a shift effect of 13.97 million people and the absolute growth (ABSGR) value of 20.18 million people, had the best performance. Conclusions : Using a well-established methodology, this study provides a panoramic picture of the situation of airline companies in ASEAN from 2010 to 2018.
Chen, Shu-Wei,Kim, Ju Hyun,Shin, Hyunik,Lee, Sang-gi Royal Society of Chemistry 2008 Organic & biomolecular chemistry Vol.6 No.15
<P>A novel 2<SUP>nd</SUP> generation Grubbs-type catalyst tethering an isopropoxystyrene has been synthesized and automatically polymerized in solution to form a self-supported polymeric Ru-carbene complex, which catalyzed ring-closing metathesis homogeneously, but was recovered heterogeneously.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A novel 2<SUP>nd</SUP> Grubbs-type catalyst tethering a styrene has been synthesized and automatically polymerized in solution to form a self-supported polymeric Ru-carbene complex, which catalyzed RCM homogeneously, but was recovered heterogeneously. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b809025d'> </P>
Inhalation Exposure to Nickel Hydroxide Nanoparticles Induces Systemic Acute Phase Response in Mice
Kang, Gi-Soo,Gillespie, Patricia Anne,Chen, Lung-Chi Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2011 Toxicological Research Vol.28 No.1
It has been proposed that acute phase response can be a mechanism by which inhaled particles exert adverse effects on the cardiovascular system. Although some of the human acute phase proteins have been widely studied as biomarkers of systemic inflammation or cardiovascular diseases, there are only a few studies that investigated the role of serum amyloid P (SAP), a major acute phase protein in mice. In this study, we investigated the changes in SAP, following inhalation exposure to nickel hydroxide nanoparticles (nano-NH). We conducted 1) acute (4 h) exposure to nano-NH at 100, 500, and $1000\;{\mu}g/m^3$ and 2) sub-acute (4h/d for 3d) exposure at $1000\;{\mu}g/m^3$, then measured serum SAP protein levels along with hepatic Sap mRNA levels. The results show that inhaled nano-NH can induce systemic acute phase response indicated by increased serum SAP levels and hepatic Sap mRNA levels. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study showing induction of SAP in response to repeated particle exposure, and the results suggest that SAP can be used as a biomarker for systemic inflammation induced by inhaled particles.