중국 연변지역 布爾哈通河의 수질특성 및 개선방안

임봉수,임상호,윤성일 대전대학교 환경문제연구소 2001 환경문제연구소 논문집 Vol.5 No.-

This study was carried out to suggest the measures and to understand the characteristics of water quality in Buerhatong river within yanbian area, China. Suspended solids appeared high in rainfall season, but BOD and COD appeared lower than suspended solids. The yearly average water quality of all location in this river was less than BOD 2mg/L, less than COD 5mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen was over than 1mg/L in 1997, and was suitable to the class Ⅲ of environmental standard for the surface water. Because of domestic sewage and nightsoil exhausted at Yanji city without treatment system inflowed in this river Synthetical pollution index was calculated for the assessment of water quality, had a tendency to increase near to the downstream. The highest pollution allocation rate is 44% as suspended solids. To reform the deteroriorated river, the sewage wastewater treatment plants will be constructed at Myoungwoal Jin and Yanji city by 2010, respectively. Then COD discharge loading produced in this watershed will be decreased by about 43% of total loading.

Shanghai Baby as a Chinese Chick-Lit : Female Empowerment and Neoliberal Consumerist Agency

CHEN, Eva Yin-I Ewha Womans University Press 2009 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.15 No.1

This paper argues that Shanghai Baby’s celebration of an active, empowering form of female sexual and economic independence, voiced in neo-liberal market terms of active choice and individual freedom, signals an important departure from earlier representations of Chinese women and points to affinities both in narrative, thematic and ideological dimensions with the contemporary Anglo- American chick lit. The novel is anchored in the last years of the 1990s, when integration of the Chinese urban society in a global consumer culture are much greater than before. The novel also appropriates feminist terms of female empowerment and agency to celebrate the sexual and economic confidence of a new urban, me- first generation of well-educated and physically attractive women. It also stresses their deliberate alienation from feminism as a social movement. Empowerment and agency are to be sought in individual consumerist power and via full participation in an increasingly globalized commodity culture that addresses these women as active consumers with unconstrained choice. This paper points out that such rhetoric of agency and individualism reflects the impact of the neoliberal market rationality. This has moved beyond the economic dimension of maximized profit-making into the social and cultural area of subject formation. These women are thereby interpellated as actively choosing and self-responsible consumers and social differences are aestheticized as lifestyles. I argue that Shanghai Baby also contains complex and contradictory messages which help to cast a critical light on the twin discourses of postfeminism and consumerism of the chick lit genre. By appropriating feminist terms of empowerment and also by stressing that women should embrace and adjust to mainstream patriarchal culture and its conventional discourses of erotic beauty, the novel reveals a level of anxiety, frustration, and constant pressure of self-discipline. This eventually undermines its language of female sexual subjectification. By celebrating Shanghai’s integration into a global consumer culture, while hinting at the hidden race and class hierarchies and exclusions, the novel partly debunks the consumerist rhetoric of unconstrained freedom and agency and reveals the working of unequal power relations.

STRONGLY π-REGULAR MORITA CONTEXTS

Chen, Huan-Yin Korean Mathematical Society 2003 대한수학회보 Vol.40 No.1

In this paper, we show that if the ring of a Merits context (A, B, M, N, ${\psi},\;{\phi}$) with zero pairings is a strongly $\pi$-regular ring of bounded index if and only if so are A and B. Furthermore, we extend this result to the ring of a Merits context over quasi-duo strongly $\pi$-regular rings.

Effect of B-complex vitamins on the antifatigue activity and bioavailability of ginsenoside Re after oral administration

Yin Bin Chen,Yu Fang Wang,Wei Hou,Ying-Ping Wang,Sheng-Yuan Xiao,Yang Yang Fu,Jia Wang,Si Wen Zheng,Pei-He Zheng 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.2

Background: Both ginsenoside Re and B-complex vitamins are widely used as nutritional supplements. They are often taken together so as to fully utilize their antifatigue and refreshing effects, respectively. Whether actually a drugenutrient interaction exists between ginsenoside Re and B-complex vitamins is still unknown. The objective of this study was to simultaneously investigate the effect of B-complex vitamins on the antifatigue activity and bioavailability of ginsenoside Re after their oral administration. The study results will provide valuable theoretical guidance for the combined utilization of ginseng and B-complex vitamins. Methods: Ginsenoside Re with or without B-complex vitamins was orally administered to mice to evaluate its antifatigue effects and to rats to evaluate its bioavailability. The antifatigue activity was evaluated by the weight-loaded swimming test and biochemical parameters, including hepatic glycogen, plasma urea nitrogen, and blood lactic acid. The concentration of ginsenoside Re in plasma was determined by liquid chromatographyetandem mass spectrometry. Results: No antifatigue effect of ginsenoside Re was noted when ginsenoside Re in combination with Bcomplex vitamins was orally administered to mice. B-complex vitamins caused to a reduction in the bioavailability of ginsenoside Re with the area under the concentrationetime curve from zero to infinity markedly decreasing from 11,830.85 2,366.47 h$ng/mL to 890.55 372.94 h$ng/mL. Conclusion: The results suggested that there were pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drugenutrient interactions between ginsenoside Re and B-complex vitamins. B-complex vitamins can significantly weaken the antifatigue effect and decrease the bioavailability of ginsenoside Re when simultaneously administered orally.

Effect of B-complex vitamins on the antifatigue activity and bioavailability of ginsenoside Re after oral administration

Chen, Yin Bin,Wang, Yu Fang,Hou, Wei,Wang, Ying Ping,Xiao, Sheng Yuan,Fu, Yang Yang,Wang, Jia,Zheng, Si Wen,Zheng, Pei He The Korean Society of Ginseng 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.2

Background: Both ginsenoside Re and B-complex vitamins are widely used as nutritional supplements. They are often taken together so as to fully utilize their antifatigue and refreshing effects, respectively. Whether actually a drug-nutrient interaction exists between ginsenoside Re and B-complex vitamins is still unknown. The objective of this study was to simultaneously investigate the effect of B-complex vitamins on the antifatigue activity and bioavailability of ginsenoside Re after their oral administration. The study results will provide valuable theoretical guidance for the combined utilization of ginseng and B-complex vitamins. Methods: Ginsenoside Re with or without B-complex vitamins was orally administered to mice to evaluate its antifatigue effects and to rats to evaluate its bioavailability. The antifatigue activity was evaluated by the weight-loaded swimming test and biochemical parameters, including hepatic glycogen, plasma urea nitrogen, and blood lactic acid. The concentration of ginsenoside Re in plasma was determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results: No antifatigue effect of ginsenoside Re was noted when ginsenoside Re in combination with B-complex vitamins was orally administered to mice. B-complex vitamins caused to a reduction in the bioavailability of ginsenoside Re with the area under the concentration-time curve from zero to infinity markedly decreasing from $11,830.85{\pm}2,366.47h{\cdot}ng/mL$ to $890.55{\pm}372.94h{\cdot}ng/mL$. Conclusion: The results suggested that there were pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug-nutrient interactions between ginsenoside Re and B-complex vitamins. B-complex vitamins can significantly weaken the antifatigue effect and decrease the bioavailability of ginsenoside Re when simultaneously administered orally.

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of myocardial damage and cardiac dysfunction in acute coronary syndrome patients

Chen Chen,Bai Lin Cong,Min Wang,Muhammad Abdullah,Xiao Long Wang,Yin Hua Zhang,Shun Ji Xu,Lan Cui 한국한의학연구원 2018 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.7 No.2

Background: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in peripheral blood is established to correlate with the morbidity and mortality of heart disease patients. We aimed to define the severity of inflammation (NLR) by observing the association of NLR with cardiac functions or myocardial damage parameters in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods: Data from 715 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) within 72 hours of incidence in 2016 were analysed retrospectively. Results: The NLR ranges from 0.50 to 46 (medium ± SD, 2.76 ± 2.96) in 715 patients. NLR positively correlated with myocardial damage (NLR vs. CK-mB: p < 0.0001) but negatively correlated with myocardial function (NLR vs. EF: p < 0.0001; NLR vs. FS: p < 0.0001). Myocardial damage markers (CK, CK-mB, ASL, LDH) were significantly increased, and cardiac contractile parameters (EF and FS) were reduced at NLR > 2.76 compared to those of NLR < 2.76. ELISA analysis has shown that IL-10 was significantly increased when NLR ≥ 4.6 and TGF-β was increased at NLR > 4. The correlation was diminished between NLR and CK-mB at NLR > 2.76 or at NLR > 4, but that of NLR and EF or FS was maintained in NLR > 2.76 and at NLR > 4. EF and FS were comparable between NLR > 2.76 and NLR > 4. But myocardial damage parameters increased significantly at NLR > 4 compared to those of NLR > 2.76. Conclusion: NLR is a strong predictor of myocardial damage in acute myocardial patients. High NLR are associated with myocardial dysfunction in all the patients. Severe inflammation (NLR) can predict the consequence of the heart in patients with coronary syndrome.

Overexpression and Characterization of appA Phytase Expressed by Recombinant Baculovirus-Infected Silkworm

( Yin Chen ),( Zhong Ze Zhu ),( Xu Ai Lin ),( Yong Zhu Yi ),( Zhi Fang Zhang ),( Gui Fang Shen ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2005 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.15 No.3

Gendered symbols and habitus in collective action: Street protests in Taiwan, 1997–2006

Yin-Zu Chen 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2020 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.26 No.1

Studies on women in social movements have shown that women and men use different tactical preferences in protests. However, these are not limited to choice regarding preferential gendered symbols and artifacts; they can also be spontaneous corporeal and emotional expressions depending on contingencies of interaction during protests. To analyze the gender impact and differences in protest tactics, this study focuses on the symbols and artifacts used in protests and the gendered habitus that includes embodied behavior and emotions of protesters in varied situations. This paper examines street protests in Taiwan using audiovisual data collected from television news broadcasting between 1997 and 2006, to compare protest actions undertaken by men with those where women participants comprised the majority. This showed that gendered symbols and artifacts presented in street actions were less confrontational if they were planned beforehand. However, the embodied gender culture as habitus becomes more relevant during disruptive and high-conflict protest events. This study reveals that kneeling as a female posture was effective for avoiding conflict and gaining negotiation opportunities with authorities.

Plasma polymerized bio-interface directs fibronectin adsorption and functionalization to enhance “epithelial barrier structure” formation via FN-ITG β1-FAK-mTOR signaling cascade

Chen Shoucheng,Huang Zhuwei,Visalakshan Rahul Madathiparambil,Liu Haiwen,Bachhuka Akash,Wu You,Dabare Panthihage Ruvini L.,Luo Pu,Liu Runheng,Gong Zhuohong,Xiao Yin,Vasilev Krasimir,Chen Zhuofan,Chen 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Background: Transepithelial medical devices are increasing utilized in clinical practices. However, the damage of continuous natural epithelial barrier has become a major risk factor for the failure of epithelium-penetrating implants. How to increase the “epithelial barrier structures” (focal adhesions, hemidesmosomes, etc.) becomes one key research aim in overcoming this difficulty. Directly targeting the in situ “epithelial barrier structures” related proteins (such as fibronectin) absorption and functionalization can be a promising way to enhance interface-epithelial integration. Methods: Herein, we fabricated three plasma polymerized bio-interfaces possessing controllable surface chemistry. Their capacity to adsorb and functionalize fibronectin (FN) from serum protein was compared by Liquid Chromatography- Tandem Mass Spectrometry. The underlying mechanisms were revealed by molecular dynamics simulation. The response of gingival epithelial cells regarding the formation of epithelial barrier structures was tested. Results: Plasma polymerized surfaces successfully directed distinguished protein adsorption profiles from serum protein pool, in which plasma polymerized allylamine (ppAA) surface favored adsorbing adhesion related proteins and could promote FN absorption and functionalization via electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds, thus subsequently activating the ITG β1-FAK-mTOR signaling and promoting gingival epithelial cells adhesion. Conclusion: This study offers an effective perspective to overcome the current dilemma of the inferior interfaceepithelial integration by in situ protein absorption and functionalization, which may advance the development of functional transepithelial biointerfaces. Graphical Abstract: Tuning the surface chemistry by plasma polymerization can control the adsorption of fibronectin and functionalize it by exposing functional protein domains. The functionalized fibronectin can bind to human gingival epithelial cell membrane integrins to activate epithelial barrier structure related signaling pathway, which eventually enhances the formation of epithelial barrier structure.

China`s Pension Reform Process and the Future Options

( Chen Yin Hua ) 한국행정학회 2009 한국행정학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

taken as soon as possible. China`s pension reform, Notional Refined-benefit, Individual Account, contribution rate, replacement rate, reform options, With the rapid demographic dynamic and economic development China have to face the old age problems. After several reform since 1986, especially the milestone reform in 1997, until now, China still apparently need reform in pension system. This paper analyzed the main problems about China`s current pension system and showed out the trade-off of different possible options. As regard to the finial selection, political and other factors will affect meantime. As the conclusion, the continuous pension reform in China should be