지연유합과 불유합에서 저신호 강도 초음파의 유용성

윤여헌,김종오,고영도,유재두,정준모,오종건,방한천,최창호,신명철 대한골절학회 2003 대한골절학회지 Vol.16 No.1

목 적 : 저 신호 강도 초음파를 이용한 지연유합과 불유합의 치료에 대한 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 2001년 7월부터 2002년 5월까지 본원에 내원한 지연유합 7례와 불유합 8례를 대상으로 5개월간 저 신호 강도 초음파로 치료하여 5개월후 골유합 여부를 알아 보았다. 결 과 : 총 15례 중 대퇴골 간부 2례, 경골 간부 1례, 상완골 간부 1례, 요골 1례의 지연유합에서 골유합을 얻었고 대퇴골 간부 불유합 3례에서 유합을 얻었다. 지연주합은 71%의 유합율을, 불유합은 37.5%의 유합율을 보였다. 결 론 : 저 신호 강도 초음파는 골유합을 촉진 시킬 수 있으며 지연유합에서 시도해 볼 만 하나 불유합 치료를 위해서는 보다 많은 연구가 필요 하다. Purpose : To evaluation of usefulness of low-intensity ultrasound for nonunion and delayed union. Materials and Methods : For 5 months, we treated 7 delayed union and 8 nonunion using low-intensity ultrasound. After 5 months, in checked X-ray AP and Lateral view, when cortical bridge formation was done, we through union. Results : In 7 delayed union, 5 cases-2 femur, tibia, humerus, radius were healed. In 8 nonunion, 3 femur nonunion were healed. Union rate was 71% in delayed union 37.5% in nonunion. Conclusion : we thought that the low-intensity ultrasound has capacity of induction of union and was considered as the method of treatment for delayed union.

Optical Coherence Tomographic Elastography Reveals Mesoscale Shear Strain Inhomogeneities in the Annulus Fibrosus

Han, Sang K.,Chen, Chao-Wei,Labus, Kevin M.,Puttlitz, Christian M.,Chen, Yu,Hsieh, Adam H. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2016 Spine Vol.41 No.13

<P>Study Design. Basic science study using in vitro tissue testing and imaging to characterize local strains in annulus fibrosus (AF) tissue. Objective. To characterize mesoscale strain inhomogeneities between lamellar and inter-/translamellar (ITL) matrix compartments during tissue shear loading. Summary of Background Data. The intervertebral disc is characterized by significant heterogeneities in tissue structure and plays a critical role in load distribution and force transmission in the spine. In particular, the AF possesses a lamellar architecture interdigitated by a complex network of extracellular matrix components that form a distinct ITL compartment. Currently, there is not a firm understanding of how the lamellar and ITL matrix coordinately support tissue loading. Methods. AF tissue samples were prepared from frozen porcine lumbar spines and mounted onto custom fixtures of a materials testing system that incorporates optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging to perform tissue elastography. Tissues were subjected to 20 and 40% nominal shear strain, and OCT images were captured and segmented to identify regions of interest corresponding to lamellar and ITL compartments. Images were analyzed using an optical flow algorithm to quantify local shear strains within each compartment. Results. Using histology and OCT, we first verified our ability to visualize and discriminate the ITL matrix from the lamellar matrix in porcine AF tissues. Local AF strains in the ITL compartment (22.0 +/- 13.8, 31.1 +/- 16.9 at 20% and 40% applied shear, respectively) were significantly higher than corresponding strains in the surrounding lamellar compartment (12.1 +/- 5.6, 15.3 +/- 5.2) for all tissue samples (P<0.05). Conclusion. Results from this study demonstrate that the lamellar and ITL compartments of the AF distribute strain unevenly during tissue loading. Specifically, shear strain is significantly higher in the ITL matrix, suggesting that these regions may be more susceptible to tissue damage and more mechanobiologically active.</P>

Order Promising Rolling Planning with ATP/CTP Reallocation Mechanism

Chen, Juin-Han,Lin, James T.,Wu, Yi-Sheng Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers 2008 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.7 No.1

Available-to-promise (ATP) exhibiting availability of manufacturing resources can be used to support customer order promising. Recently, one advanced function called Capable-to-promise (CTP) is provided by several modern APS (advanced planning system) that checks available capacity for placing new production orders or increasing already scheduled production orders. At the customer enquiry stage while considering the order delivery date and quantity to quote, both ATP and CTP are allocated to support order promising. In particular, current trends of mass customization and multi-side production chain derive several new constraints that should be considered when ATP/CTP allocation planning for order promising - such as customer's preference plants or material vendors, material compatibility, etc. Moreover, ATP/CTP allocation planning would be executed over a rolling time horizon. To utilize capacity and material manufacturing resource flexibly and fulfill more customer orders, ATP/CTP rolling planning should possess resource reallocation mechanism under the constraints of order quantities and delivery dates for all previous order promising. Therefore, to enhance order promising with reliability and flexibility to reallocate manufacturing resource, the ATP/CTP reallocation planning mechanism is needed in order to reallocate material and capacity resource for fulfilling all previous promised and new customer orders beneficially with considering new derived material and capacity constraints.

Taxonomic Status of the Korean Populations of the Genus Scincella (Squamata: Scincidae)

CHEN, SZU-LUNG,HIKIDA, TSUTOMU,HAN, SANG-HOON,SHIM, JAE-HAN,OH, HONG-SHIK,OTA, HIDETOSHI 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2003 基礎科學硏究 Vol.16 No.2

The lygosomine genus Scincella is a group of smallsized skinks distributed in temperate and tropical areas of Central, Southeast, and East Asia, and south-eastem North America. From the 19th century to the early in the 20th century, all East Asian populations of the genus were considered to be conspecific with North American Leioloyisma laterale.

The association of ambient air pollution with airway inflammation in schoolchildren.

Chen, Bing-Yu,Chan, Chang-Chuan,Lee, Chung-Te,Cheng, Tsun-Jen,Huang, Wen-Chuan,Jhou, Ji-Ci,Han, Yueh-Ying,Chen, Chu-Chih,Guo, Yue Leon School of Hygiene and Public Health of the Johns H 2012 American Journal of Epidemiology Vol.175 No.8

<P>The biologic mechanisms involved in airway inflammatory response to air pollution are not clearly understood. The authors conducted a longitudinal study to investigate whether exposure to ambient air pollutants affected inflammatory cells and mediators from nasal lavage in schoolchildren. Study participants were 100 elementary and middle-school students in New Taipei City, Taiwan. A structured respiratory health questionnaire was administered in September 2007, followed by monthly measurement of nasal inflammation from October 2007 to November 2009. During the study period, daily concentrations of air pollutants were obtained from the Environmental Protection Administration monitoring station and the Aerosol Supersite. Mixed-effects models were applied to examine the association between air pollution and nasal inflammatory cells and mediators, including percentages of neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes in lavaged cells and interleukin-8. A total of 824 measurements were obtained from 100 participants over a period of 10 months. The level of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM(2.5)) was found to be associated with percentage of neutrophils (β = 3.45%, 95% confidence interval: 0.89, 6.01) and interleukin-8 level (β = 29.98 pg/mL, 95% confidence interval: 3.26, 56.69) in the nasal lavage on the day of exposure. In this longitudinal cohort study of schoolchildren, results indicated that exposure to PM(2.5) might induce nasal inflammation.</P>

Simulation and Design Considerations on Transverse Connection of Prestressed Concrete T-girder Bridge

Chen Chen,Caiqian Yang,Yong Pan,Honglei Zhang,Hans De Backer 한국강구조학회 2021 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.21 No.4

In this paper, the structural performance of the prestressed concrete T-girder bridge with a newly proposed diaphragm transverse connections (DTCs) have been investigated. The DTCs are composed of diagonal braces and horizontal brace, and the braces are structural steel with square cross section. A series of simulations have been carried out to study the eff ectiveness of the proposed DTCs on enhancing the transverse connection of the prestressed concrete T-girder bridge. Load Model 1 in accordance with Eurocode 1 is considered in the simulations, which consists of tandem system and uniformly distributed loads (UDL system). The Von Mises stress of the DTCs has been checked and corresponding steel grade has been given. The force on the surface between the T-girder bridge and the proposed DTCs has been studied and detailed connection design has been given for both new bridge construction and existing bridge retrofi tting. The simulation results show that the maximum defl ection arises when the deck is fully loaded with the UDL system and with lane 1 centrally located on exterior girder, and the tandem systems are applied at midspan simultaneously. It is revealed that with the proposed DTCs installed at midspan, the maximum defl ection of the prestressed concrete T-girder bridge reduces 12.8% in the most unfavorable load case. In all the discussed load cases, the Von Mises stress of the proposed DTCs is within the reasonable range and can be borne by normal steel material. Additionally, connection methods have been given for the DTCs’ application to new bridge and existing bridge. For the use of chemical anchor in existing bridge, the concrete and prestress tendons should be checked in case of any additional damage during the installing of the DTCs.

Detection of PCB77 by Indirect Competitive Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay in Sea Sediment Samples

Chen, Han-Yu,Zhuang, Hui-Sheng,Yang, Guang-Xin Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.3

3,3',4,4'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl (IUPAC PCB77) is one of seven indicative polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the surface sediments. The current study presents a novel polyclonal antibody for the determination of the PCB77 using indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Under optimum conditions, PCB77 was determined within the concentration range of 0.01-100 ${\mu}g\;L^{-1}$, with a detection limit of 0.057 ${\mu}g\;L^{-1}$. The assays were tested for their cross-reactivity profiles using 3 selected congeners and 4 Aroclor products. The assays were highly specific for coplanar PCB congeners, but less specific for Aroclor1248. The spiked recoveries from five sediment samples were 86%-114% for PCB77 from ELISA, which were satisfactory. The current study demonstrated that the developed antiserum and immunoassay procedure can be used to detect PCB77 in environmental samples. The results of the sediment analysis were confirmed by conventional GC/ECD.

Direct Synthesis of H2O2 over Ti-Containing Molecular Sieves Supported Gold Catalysts: A Comparative Study for In-situ-H2O2-ODS of Fuel

Han Zhang,Guangliang Liu,Haiyan Song,Chunxia Chen,Fuqin Han,Ping Chen,Zhixi Zhao,Shaozheng Hu 대한화학회 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.10

Direct synthesis of H2O2 and in situ oxidative desulfurization of model fuel over Au/Ti-HMS and Au/TS-1 catalysts has been comparatively investigated in water or methanol. Maximum amount (82%) of active Au0 species for H2O2 synthesis was obtained. Au/Ti-HMS and Au/TS-1 exhibited the contrary performances in H2O2 synthesis as CH3OH/H2O ratio of solvent changed. H2O2 decomposition and hydrogenation in water was inhibited by the introduction of methanol. Effect of O2/H2 ratio on H2O2 concentration, H2 conversion and H2O2 selectivity revealed a relationship between H2O2 generation and H2 consumption. The highest dibenzothiophene removal rate (83.2%) was obtained over Au/Ti-HMS in methanol at 1.5 of O2/H2 ratio and 60 oC. But removal of thiophene over Au/TS-1 should be performed in water without heating to obtain a high removal rate (61.3%). Meanwhile, H2 conversion and oxidative desulfurization selectivity of H2 were presented.

A Pan-Cancer Analysis of Enhancer Expression in Nearly 9000 Patient Samples

Chen, Han,Li, Chunyan,Peng, Xinxin,Zhou, Zhicheng,Weinstein, John N.,Caesar-Johnson, Samantha J.,Demchok, John A.,Felau, Ina,Kasapi, Melpomeni,Ferguson, Martin L.,Hutter, Carolyn M.,Sofia, Heidi J.,Ta Elsevier 2018 Cell Vol.173 No.2

<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>The role of enhancers, a key class of non-coding regulatory DNA elements, in cancer development has increasingly been appreciated. Here, we present the detection and characterization of a large number of expressed enhancers in a genome-wide analysis of 8928 tumor samples across 33 cancer types using TCGA RNA-seq data. Compared with matched normal tissues, global enhancer activation was observed in most cancers. Across cancer types, global enhancer activity was positively associated with aneuploidy, but not mutation load, suggesting a hypothesis centered on “chromatin-state” to explain their interplay. Integrating eQTL, mRNA co-expression, and Hi-C data analysis, we developed a computational method to infer causal enhancer-gene interactions, revealing enhancers of clinically actionable genes. Having identified an enhancer ∼140 kb downstream of PD-L1, a major immunotherapy target, we validated it experimentally. This study provides a systematic view of enhancer activity in diverse tumor contexts and suggests the clinical implications of enhancers.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Systematic analysis of enhancer expression across ∼9,000 samples of 33 cancer types </LI> <LI> Global enhancer activation positively correlates with aneuploidy but not mutations </LI> <LI> A computational method that infers causal enhancer-target-gene relationships </LI> <LI> Enhancers as key regulators of therapeutic targets, including PD-L1 </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Characterization of proteolysis in muscle tissues of sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus

Chen-Chen Zhao,Yang Yang,Hai-tao Wu,Zhi-Mo Zhu,Yue Tang,Cui-Ping Yu,Na Sun,Qiang Lv,Jia-Run Han,Ao-Ting Li,Jia-Nan Yan,Yue Cha 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.6

The proteolysis in muscle tissues of sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus (sjMTs) was characterized. The proteins from sjMTs were primarily myosin heavy chains (MHCs), paramyosin (Pm), and actin (Ac) having a molecular mass of approximately 200, 98, and 42 kDa, respectively. Based on SDS-PAGE analysis and quantification of trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-soluble peptides released, degradation of muscle proteins from sjMTs was favorable at pH 5 and 50°C. Proteolysis of MHCs was mostly inhibited by cysteine protease inhibitors, including trans-epoxysuccinyl-L-leucyl-amido (4- guanidino) butane (E-64) and antipain (AP). E-64 and AP completely inhibited the degradation of Pm and Ac, while iodoacetic acid showed a partially inhibitory effect. These results indicated that the proteolysis of sjMTs was mainly attributed to cysteine proteases. Avoidance of setting the tissues at 40–50oC and slightly acidic condition and inhibition of cysteine proteases are helpful for decreasing sea cucumber autolysis.