Toll-Like Receptor 4 Mutation Protects Obese Mice Against Endothelial Dysfunction by Decreasing NADPH Oxidase Isoforms 1 and 4

Liang, Chao-Fan,Liu, Jacky TC,Wang, Yu,Xu, Aimin,Vanhoutte, Paul M. American Heart Association, Inc. 2013 Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology Vol.33 No.4

<P><B>Objective—</B></P><P>To analyze the role of toll-like receptor 4 in modulating metabolism and endothelial function.</P><P><B>Approach and Results—</B></P><P>Type 2 diabetic mice with mutated toll-like receptor 4 (DWM) were protected from hyperglycemia and hypertension, despite an increased body weight. Isometric tension was measured in arterial rings with endothelium. Relaxations to acetylcholine were blunted in aortae and mesenteric arteries of Lepr<SUP>db/db</SUP> mice, but not in DWM mice; the endothelial NO synthase dimer/monomer ratio and endothelial NO synthase phosphorylation levels were higher in DWM preparations. These differences were abolished by apocynin. Contractions to acetylcholine (in the presence of L-NAME) were larger in carotid arteries from Lepr<SUP>db/db</SUP> mice than from DWM mice and were inhibited by indomethacin and SC560, demonstrating involvement of cyclooxygenase-1. The release of 6-ketoprostaglandin F<SUB>1α</SUB> was lower in DWM mice arteries, implying lower cyclooxygenase-1 activity. Apocynin, manganese(III) tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin, catalase, and diethyldithiocarbamate inhibited endothelium-dependent contractions. The mRNA and protein levels of NADPH oxidase isoforms NOX1 and NOX4 were downregulated in DWM mice arteries. The in vivo and in vitro administration of lipopolysaccharide caused endothelial dysfunction in the arteries of wild-type, but not toll-like receptor 4–mutated mice.</P><P><B>Conclusions—</B></P><P>Toll-like receptor 4 plays a key role in obesity and diabetes-associated endothelial dysfunction by increasing oxidative stress.</P>

Correlation Study between Seismic Intensity Measures and Nonlinear Response of Arch Dam via Endurance Time Analysis

Chao Liang,Jianyun Chen,Qiang Xu,Jing Li 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.1

Predicting the structural response efficiently and quickly is a major focus in civil engineering. For concrete dams, due to the structure’s complexity, it is difficult to obtain the structural performance timely through a large number of calculations. In this paper, the relationship between structural responses and seismic intensity mesures (IMs) is established under the framework of endurance time analysis method (ETAM) with its good accuracy and high efficiency. Baihetan arch dam is selected as a case study, and the dam-reservoir-foundation system is excited under fourteen sets of endurance time acceleration functions (ETAFs) which are generated through the response spectra of ground motion records. The results show that, compared with displacement-dependent damage indices (DIs), damage-dependent DIs can better reflect damage characteristics of the arch dam under different damage levels. Among the ETA-related IMs, the combined spectral acceleration is the most practical and proficient, followed by acceleration spectral intensity (ASI) and effective peak acceleration (EPA). For high arch dam, the influence of the higher order modes should be fully taken into account when establishing the correlation between the structural response and the IMs. The sufficiency of IMs based on structural response should also be fully demonstrated.

Iterative Learning Identification and Control for Discrete-time Linear Time-varying Systems with Iteration Varying Lengths

Chao Liang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.6

In the paper, iterative learning identification (ILI) and iterative learning control (ILC) for linear timevarying systems (LTVSs) with iteration varying lengths are investigated. A new ILI algorithm is firstly proposed, which makes the best of the available information in the incomplete iteration process. The identification speed of system parameters is improved. Then, on the basis of zero-compensation mechanism, a norm optimal ILC is presented for LTVSs with iteration varying lengths. From the perspective of iterative learning gain, the relationship between the two algorithms is analyzed when iterative learning gain is designed by using the identification model. Further, different from zero-compensation mechanism, a new compensation mechanism based on identification model obtained by ILI algorithm is proposed and an ILC algorithm by using compensation mechanism based on identification model is designed. The convergence speed for tracking performance of ILC algorithm with compensation mechanism based on identification model can be improved in comparison with the existing method. The convergence conditions of all algorithms are analyzed. An example is used to validate the designed algorithms.

Selective Radiotherapy after Distant Metastasis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Treated with Dose-Dense Cisplatin plus Fluorouracil

Liang, Yong,Bu, Jun-Guo,Cheng, Jin-ling,Gao, Wei-Wei,Xu, Yao-Can,Feng, Jian,Chen, Bo-Yu,Liang, Wei-Chao,Chen, Ke-Quan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.14

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of selective radiotherapy after distant metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with dose-dense cisplatin plus fluorouracil. Materials and Methods: Eligible patients were randomly assigned to a study group treated with dose-dense cisplatin plus fluorouracil following selective radiotherapy and a control group receiving traditional cisplatin plus fluorouracil following selective radiotherapy according to a 1:1 distribution using a digital random table method. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate, relapse or progression rate in the radiation field and treatment toxicity. Results: Of 52 patients in the study group, 20 cases underwent radiotherapy., while in the control group of 51 patients, 16 underwent radiotherapy. The median PFS, median OS, survival rates in 1, 2 and 3 years in study and control group were 20.9 vs 12.7months, 28.3 vs 18.8months, 85.2%vs 65.9%, 62.2% vs 18.3%, and 36.6%vs 5.2% (p values of 0.00, 0.00, 0.04, 0.00 and 0.00, respectively). Subgroup analysis showed that the median OS and survival rates of 1, 2, 3 years for patients undergoing radiotherapy in the study group better than that in control group( 43.2vs24.1 months, 94.1% vs 86.7%, 82.4% vs 43.3%, 64.7% vs 17.3%, (p=0.00, 0.57, 0.04 and 0.01, respectively). The complete response rate, objective response rate after chemotherapy and three months after radiotherapy, relapse or progression rate in radiation field in study group and in control group were 19.2% vs 3.9%, 86.5% vs 56.9%, 85% vs 50%, 95% vs 81.3% and 41.3% vs 66.7% (p =0.03, 0.00, 0.03,0.30, 0.01 respectively). The grade 3-4 acute adverse reactions in the study group were significantly higher than in the control group (53.8% vs 9.8%, p=0.00). Conclusions: The survival of patients benefits from selective radiotherapy after distant metastasis of NPC treated with dose-dense cisplatin plus fluorouracil.

Selection of reference genes for Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) feeding on different diets

Chao Liang,Shipeng Han,Hui Han,Feng Zhao,Yunzhuan He 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.4

The selection of a stable reference gene is vital to gene expression studies and to improving the accuracy of RTqPCR data. With the deep research on the artificial feed of the Harmonia axyridis, there is an increasing need to evaluate the effects of feed on insects at the molecular level. To identify a reference gene to assess the expression of related genes in Harmonia axyridis (Pallas), ensure the reliability of target gene expression analysis using realtime PCR. Especially for H. axyridis were fed Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) or an artificial diet. In this study, the expression profiles of nine candidate reference genes, including 28SrRNA, 18SrRNA, RPS23, EF1, Actin, ATPase, GAPDH, UBI, RPL13 from different H. axyridis tissues (head, thorax, wing, leg, ovary, and fat body) were investigated. The stability of the nine candidate genes was assessed using geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper and RefFinder software, and a comprehensive analysis showed that EF1 is a suitable reference gene for eating different diets of different organizations from H. axyridis. 28SrRNA, 18SrRNA, and RPS23 can also be used as reference genes, but Actin, ATPase, RPL13 are not suitable as an internal reference gene

Mechanical Stretch Promotes Invasion of Lung Cancer Cells via Activation of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Liang-Kun Chen,Ching-Chi Hsieh,Yi-Chao Huang,Yuan-Jung Huang,Chun-Fan Lung,Wei-En Hsu,Chao-Ling Yao,Tsung-Yu Tseng,Chi-Chung Wang,Yi-Chiung Hsu 한국생물공학회 2023 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.28 No.3

Most of the gas exchange in the human body is carried out by the lungs, and the physiological activities of the lungs are uninterrupted. Due to the deterioration of the external environment, pulmonary cell lesions are common clinical lung diseases. Mechanical cyclic stretching is one kind of bionic technology to observe lung cancer cells. The A549 cell line is the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line derived from a primary lung tumor. This study investigated the effects of mechanical cyclic stretching on A549 cell activity and gene expression profile. Whereas mechanical cyclic stretching had no significant difference in colony formation and cell migration of A549 cells, the cell invasion increased significantly in A549 cells after stretching. In addition, the microarray data showed that mechanical cyclic stretching altered gene expression, induced inflammation of cells, and activation of Wnt/β- catenin and tumor necrosis factor pathways. More importantly, mechanical cyclic stretching activated the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) protein. Therefore, the increase of cell invasion induced by mechanical cyclic stretching might be associated with the activation of TNF-α in human lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Is Surgical Resection Justified for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus? (A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis)

( Liang Lei ),( Xin-fei Xu ),( Jiong-jie Yu ),( Ju-dong Li ),( Zhen-li Li ),( Jun Han ),( Han Zhang ),( Hao Xing ),( Han Wu ),( Ming-da Wang ),( Chao Li ),( Zheng Wang ),( Feng Shen ),( Meng-chao Wu ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) is very poor. According to the BCLC treatment recommendations, sorafenib or other palliative treatment (PT) is recommended as the first-line therapy when it happens. In real world, however, a significant number of selected patients with HCC and PVTT suffered from surgical resection (SR). Methods: PubMed, Embase, Medline and Cochrane library were searched for studies comparing SR with PT (including TACE, sorafenib, etc.) for HCC with PVTT, which were published before September 2017. Results: 4,810 patients from 7 studies were enrolled in this meta-analysis, which divided into the SR group (n = 2,344) and the PT group (n = 2476). When compared with the PT group, the pooled hazard ratio (HR) for the 1, 3 and 5-year OS rates of the SR group were 0.56 (95% CI 0.52-0.60, P=0.03), 0.56 (95% CI 0.53-0.59, P<0.001) and 0.55 (95% CI 0.54-0.57, P<0.001). For subgroup analysis, when compared with the mere TACE group, the pooled HR for the 1, 3 and 5-year OS rates of the SR group were 0.54 (95% CI 0.43-0.67, P=0.81), 0.75 (95% CI 0.65-0.87, P=0.25) and 0.76 (95% CI 0.67-0.88, P=0.25). Conclusions: This meta-analysis demonstrated SR had better OS than TACE or other palliative therapy for HCC with PVTT. SR may be suitable as the first-line treatment for selected patients with resectable HCC and removable PVTT.

Dioxygen Binding to Dirhodium(Ⅱ,Ⅱ),(Ⅱ,Ⅲ),and(Ⅲ,Ⅲ) Complexes. Spectroscopic Characterization of [Rh₂(ap)₄(O₂)]??,Rh(ap)₄(O₂), and [Rh₂(ap₄)(O₂)]??, where ap=2-anilinopyridinate Ion

Yao,Chao-Liang,Han,Baocheng,Kadish, Karl M.,Bear, John L.,Lee,Jae-Duck,Capdevielle, Francoise J. 東亞大學校附設基礎科學硏究所 1993 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.1

비영양 , 비약품 첨가제의 중요성

차오 리앙 ( Chao Liang ) 한국영양사료학회 1995 제6회 사료가공 단기과정 Vol.- No.-

The Epitope Recognized by Monoclonal Antibody 2B6 in the B/C Domains of Classical Swine Fever Virus Glycoprotein E2 Affects Viral Binding to Hyperimmune Sera and Replication

( Chao Tong ),( Ning Chen ),( Xun Liao ),( Wen Qi Xie ),( De Jiang Li ),( Xiao Liang Li ),( Wei Huan Fang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.4

Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious disease of pigs caused by CSF virus (CSFV). E2 is the major viral envelope protein of immune dominance that induces neutralizing antibodies and confers protection against CSFV infection. The B/C domains of E2 are variable among CSFV isolates, which could affect immunogenicity and binding to antibodies. We attempted to characterize the epitope recognized by a monoclonal antibody 2B6 (mAb-2B6) raised against the E2 B/C domains of the vaccine C-strain and to examine if mutations in the epitope region would affect antibody binding and viral neutralization. The epitope specific for mAb-2B6 recognition is linear, spanning five residues 774DGXNP778 in the B/C domains. The residue N777 is indispensable for the specificity. The epitope exists only in group 1 strains, but not in those of group 2. The recombinant viruses containing individual mutations on the epitope region lost the reactivity to mAb-2B6. The mutant virus RecC-N777S had low replication potential, about 10-fold decrease in the yield of progeny virus particles, whereas the mutant virus RecC-P778A reverted to proline upon continuous passaging. The mutations on the mAb-2B6 epitope region did not affect neutralization by anti-C-strain polyclonal sera from pigs. Deletion from aa774 covering the mAb-2B6 epitope, but not that from aa781, also affected binding with the polyclonal antibodies from vaccinated pigs, although the major binding region for the vaccinated antibodies is aa690-773.