製造業 生産職 人力難의 要因分析과 人力政策의 課題

차철호 중앙대학교 산업경영연구소 1998 산업경영연구 Vol.7 No.1

본 연구의 범위는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 제조업부문 生産職人力의 부족문제는 산업구조의 고도화에 따른 勞動力需給구조상의 不均衡을 최소화 해야한다는 문제의식에서 출발한다. 따라서 990년대 초반에 나타난 인력난 문제에 대한 해답은 ㄴ[제조업부문의 생산직 就業減少와 서비스업종사자의 과다현상]이라는 산업간 (제조업--서비스업), 직종간 (생산직--서비스직) 노동移動構造의 특성에서 찾아야 한다는 관점에서 노동력수급구조와 노동력 不足의 實態를 살펴보고 그 不足要因을 규명하기 위해 산업간, 직종간 노동이동구조의 변화추이를 검토하고자 한다. 둘째, 90년대에 들어서 우리 산업구조가 단순 노동집약산업에서 자본, 기술집약 산업으로 이행하는 과정에서 산업구조의 고도화는 ??吸收力(고용탄성치)의 감소를 수반하게 될 것인바 이러한 산업구조의 고도화과정에서 발생하는 人力需給構造의 不均衡이 우리 경제의 成長潛在力을 약화시키는 장애요인으로 작용하지 않게 하기 위한 인력정책의 기본과제는 무엇인가 하는 문제를 검토하고자 한다. 셋째, 이러한 노동시장의 구조적 변화에 대응하여 필요한 기술인력을 안정적으로 확보함으로써 중고령층의 단순노동력을 활용하는 低부가가치업종에서 탈피하여 高부가가치업종의 생산기반을 구축하고 우리제품의 국제경쟁력을 강화시킬수 있는 제조업 人力政策方向의 과제를 제시하고자 한다. The purpose of this paper is to analyze factors affecting the shortage in the production workers in manufacturing sector. With the foregoing awareness this study has attempted to indentify desirable approaches to the manpower policy measures. Form the results of the empirical evidence presented in this study, we have recognized the following three problems enumerated below: First, the problem concerning the basic viewpoint of the manpower bottleneck of Korea economy. This problem being with especially the understanding of the shortage of the production workers in the manufacturing sector and awareness of the necessity to minimize the unbalance in the manpower supply structure brought forth by the sophistication of the industrial structure. The answer to the manpower stortage problem o the Korean economy is “the phenomenon of the decrease in the manufacturing employment sector.”: In the viewpoint of finding the answer from the characteristics underlying the manpower mobility structure between the industries (manufacturing and service) and between occupations (manufacturing and service), this study intends to review the manpower supply structure and shortage actuality of manpower and survey the changing trend in the manpower mobility structure between industries and between occupation. Second, the problem of what is the basic task of manpower policy. In the process of transformation of the Korea industrial structure from the unskilled-labor intensive industry to the capital-technology intensive industry when the sophistication of the industrial structure is bound to espouse the decrease in the employment absorbability (employment creation value): preventing the unbalance in the manpower supply structure arising from such sophistication process of the industrial structure acts not as a negative factor to weaken the growth potentiality of Korean economy. This condenses into the problem of creating new employment opportunities to accommodate manpower who are entering the labor market every year under the condition of the increase in the highly educated unemployment and the shortage of technological manpower. Third. The problem of supplying adequately the skilled-labor an technological manpower who could concentrate in the sophistication and quality improvement of product made by the small and medium industries under the global technology hegemonism trend to underwite and ore research and development manpower who can spearhead the development of high technology and multi-kind and small quantity production system. In the midst of the liberalization and globalization of the world economy, the technological protective barriers imposed by the advanced industrial nations are heightening. And with the acceleration of the technological competition among the nations, the post-cold war era international order is being formulated centering around the technological strength there should be established the technological manpower supply scheme to systematically train and deliver the high level technological manpower that could spearhead the technological renovantion.

新國際經濟秩序의 再編成

車鐵豪 중앙대학교 산업경영연구소 1994 산업경영연구 Vol.3 No.1

유로화의 出帆과 共同通貨制度 : Significance & Implications for Global Economy

차철호 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2002 經濟論文集 Vol.- No.17

European Union(EU) adopt a common currency, the euro. The birth of the euro zone resulted in fixed exchange rates among EMU member countries. In order to share a single currency, they agree to give up national currencies entirely and to hand over control of their monetary policies to a European System of Central Banks(ESCB). The purpose of this paper is to present the theory of optimum currency areas contributed by R.A. Mundell and R. McKinnon, and to discuss its influences on global monetary system. Finally, this paper concludes with an empirical evaluation of Europe's experience of monetary unification, in terms of the extent of intra-European trade, labor mobility, similarity of economic structure.

R.Dornbusch의 換率期待理論下의 換率變動行態와 金融政策의 效果

車鐵豪 중앙대학교 산업경영연구소 1997 산업경영연구 Vol.6 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to build a basic analysis of exchange-rate determination and to relate it to the question of monetary policy. It has been known that exchange rates are determined by interest rates and expectation about the future, which are, in turn, affected by conditions in national money markets. It concentrates on the reassessment of the effects of monetary policy under flexible exchange rates and the comparative analysis of the short and long-run adjustment processes. The large swings in currencies during the past 20 years have stimulated new interest among economists in theories to explain the forces that drive exchange rates. These new theories have focused on the role of internationally traded capital and investor's expectations. It would be easy to blame exchange-rate volatility on ineffciencies in the foreign-exchange market or on the irrational behaviour of speculators. It follows that exchange rates will change when interest-rate differentials change or when expectations about future exchange rates change. According to prof. R. Dornbusch, in the long term, equilibrium exchange rates are determined by PPP; in the short term, exchange rates are determined entirely in asset markets, by interest rates and expectations. Prof. Dornbusch assumed that expectations are "rational". In other words, he assumde that in the long run people expect the exchange rate to return to PPP. He also assumed that investors expect currencies to move at a rate that is proportional to the discrepancy between the current exchange rate and PPP; the bigger the gap, the faster the expected rate change. However, the asset-market theory is far from complete as prof. Dornbusch himself is the first to point out. If the theory were true, then currencies would actually jump around much more than they do. In practice, exchange rates do not always move when monetary conditions unexpectdely change. U.S. occasionally moved in response. Also, the tendency of exchange rates to move towards PPP even in the very long run seems much weaker than the theory seems to require. Prof. Dombusch's analysis was extremely influential. It highlighted the role that expectations play in determining currency exchange rates, and it showed that unstable currencies are not necessarily evidence of inefficiency in financial markets.

시판 항생제들의 대추나무빗자루병 치료약제 가능성 비교

박철하,이세표,차병진 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1994 農業科學硏究 Vol.11 No.2

To minimize the trial and error by farmers who have no other choice but to use antibiotics for human-disease control, because no agricultural tetracycline for jujube witches-broom disease is available at this point. therapeutical efficacy of several commercial antibiotics against the disease through trunk injection was evaluated. The efficacy of human tetracyclines in trunk injection of jujube tree for witches-broom therapy varied to some extnet. Tetracyclines for intravenous or subepidermal injection showed the strongest symptom-suppression effect. Those, however, were not practical because of high price. On the other hand, tetracyclines in capsule were much cheaper than the former and can be used practically. For trunk injection, just the powder in capsule should be dissolved in clean water and then filtered through cheese cloth or tissue papaer to remove the sediments unnecessary for trees. Otherwise, the sediment would clog the injection hole and the feeder tube. In this experiment. tetracycline HCl of Glaxo made the least sediment in the solution. In addition, the plastic bottle to contain Korean wine was much cheaper and more practical than the commercial one for tree injection.

Head posture의 變化에 따른 鄂顔面構造의 適應에 關한 硏究

李哲民,車敬石 대한치과교정학회 1992 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.22 No.1

This investigation was carried out in order to find out changes in head postures and in craniofacial morphology, in relation to the inclination of cervical column. For this study 85 subjects, consisting 39 males ad 49 females, between the ages of 7 to 24 years old were chosen, and following results were observed after analysing the correlation coefficients between each structures. 1. No definite relationships were observed between the inclination of cervical column(CVT/HOR) and the inclination of anterior cranial base(SN/VER) 2. No definite relationships were observed between the inclination of mandibular ramus(RL/HOR) and the inclination of mandibular inclination(MLP/VER). 3. In subjects with anteriorly inclined cervical column, increase in mandibular plane inclinations(ML/VER) were observed. 4. No definite relationships were observed between the inclination of cervical column(CVT/HOR) ad changes in palatal plane(NL/VER).

컴퓨터 단말기 업무자의 요통의 위험요인에 관한 연구

이철호,박정래,차애리,고광욱,김영욱,이수일 大韓産業醫學會 1999 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.11 No.2

Low back pain in computer terminal operators is a very common but important symptom. While the occupational risk factors of low back pain were approved obscurely, there have been few studies on analysis or understanding of occupational risk factors. Therefore, we studied occupational risk factors of low back pain, especially for ergonomic factors as well as general characteristics of workers. We selected 98 subjects for this study, computer terminal operators ordinary using computers in Pusan. We calculated the subjective severity of low back pain of each operator by the Low Back Pain Scoring System. The relation of low back pain score to general characteristics of worker was also analyzed. We analyzed the relationship between low back pain score and individual efforts to prevent low back pain. We measured the ergonomic factors of each computer terminal operator-Trunk Inclination(TI), Arm Flexion(AF), Elbow Angle(EA), Head Tilting(HT), Knee Angle(KA), using of foot plate and gap between the popliteum and chair. The correlations between these ergonomic factors and low back pain score were then analyzed. And the results are as follows: 1. The prevalence rate of low back pain in computer terminal operators was 39.8% in this study, when low back pain score was converted by the low back pain scoring system. 2. According to general characteristics of workers related to low back pain, the scores were higher in the older age group, the married and the longer work carriers.(p<0.05) 3. In the analysis of the relationship between low back pain score and individual effort to prevent low back pain, regular exercise, history of schooling for prevention of low back pain, and declaration of intention to participate in low back pain education or exercise were stastistically significant(p<0.05). And the more severe the low back pain, the higher the intention to participate in low back pain education they had in this study. 4. In the analyses of relationships or correlations between low back pain score and each of the 7 categories of ergonomic factors, only head tilting had a weak reverse correlation with low back pain(r=0.2999, p<0.01). From now on, cohort studies for the risk factors of low back pain of workers, who have been forced to work in non-ergonomical positioning at the work site, will be necessary. On the background of these ergonomic studies, the occupational health profession should be required to manage ergonomic working conditions.

오렌지 껍질로부터 분리된 프라보노이드의 화학요법 감작효과

최철익,변익건,차윤정,김선필,민영돈,유진철,송재경 조선대학교 2001 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.26 No.2

Background and Objectives : The overexpression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) or multidrug resistanceassociated protein (MRP) confers multidrug resistance (MDR) to cancer cells. MDR cells could be sensitized to anticancer drugs when treated concomitantly with a chemosensitizer. In this study, orange peel have been screened for the development of chemosensitizers reversing MDR. Materials and methods : Expression of Pgp in AML-2/WT and AML-2/D100 were determined using western blot analysis and RT-PCR. Candidates for chemosensitizers were isolated, purified from orange peel using sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and silica-gel column chromatography, whose structure was determined using ^1H-NMR, ^13C-NMR, ^1H-^1H-COSY, 13C-NMR, EI-Mass, IR. Chemosensitizing effect of NP-28 on AML-2/DX100 over expressing Pgp and MRP was determined by the MTT assay. Membrane toxicity was evaluated by the RBC hemolysis test. Antioxidant effects were examined by using a fluorescence probe (2’-7’-dichlorofluorescein diacetate). Results : A potent candidate, NP-28, has a flavonoid nucleus with some methoxy moiety. NP-28 is believed to have high therapeutic index, being non-transportable inhibitor and possibly, of inhibiting other efflux pumps such as MRP and antioxidant effects. NP-28 is also unlikely to be a substrate of Pgp. NP-28 did not increase Pgp levels. Conclusion : NP-28 has a Chemosensitizing effect to reverse Pgp-mediated MDR by increasing the intracellular accumulation of drugs. Furthermore, they do not increase expression of Pgp, which can allow a long term use without the concern about Pgp activation. NP-28 is anticipated as an ideal second-generation flavonoid chemosensitizer and/or possibly other therapeutic agents by further investigation.

계면중합에 의한 Dibutylphthalate의 마이크로 캡슐화

박차철 東西大學校 1995 동서논문집 Vol.1 No.1

Polyurethane microcapsules containing dibutylphthalate(DBP) were prepared by the interfacial polymerization using diisocyanates and polyols. Effects of chemical structure of PU, dispersing agent and polymerization time on the mean diameter of microcapsules were investigated. The diameter decreased with increasing dispersing agent concentration, and it is decreased in the order of the dispersing agents using gelatine 〉PVA〉arabic gum at the same concentration. A slight increase in diameter was observed when the ratio CH₂/OOCNH of PU was increased. The releasing of DBP from microcapsules depended on the chemical structure of PU and extracting medium. As the ratio CH₂/OOCNH of PU was increased, the amount of extracted DBP for hexane using as a extracting solvent was decreased, however, it was not changed for THF.

군 훈련병의 스트레스, 성인 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 증상과 자살사고의 연관성에 관한 연구

이동윤,이철순,박철수,손진욱,김봉조,차보석,이소진 대한생물치료정신의학회 2011 생물치료정신의학 Vol.17 No.2

Objectives:This study is conducted to investigate the effect of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) symptoms on stress and suicide idea among 224 conscripts. Methods:Total number of subject is 224 conscripts. We evaluate symptoms of adult ADHD with Korean-Wender Utah rating scale(K-WURS) and Korean adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder scale(K-AADHDS), stress with Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument-K(BEPSI-K), suicide idea with Scale for suicide ideation(SSI) after basic military training. Multivariate logistic analysis with backward stepwise selection is performed to evaluate risk factors of stress. Multiple linear regression analysis with stepwise selection is performed to evaluate association of suicide idea with adult ADHD symptoms. Results:Stress is significantly associated with K-WURS score, K-AADHDS score and SSI score(p<0.01, p<0.05, p<0.01). K-WURS score are significant risk factor of stress after basic military training(p<0.05, O.R : 1.034, 95% CI : 1.005-1.065). And K-WURS score influence suicide idea after basic military training(p<0.05, β : 0.031). Conclusion:The result suggests that K-WURS score might be a risk factor of stress and could affect suicide idea.