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Cas, Caro Lu 대한전자공학회 1992 HICEC:Harbin International Conference on Electroni Vol.1 No.1
In this paper, an ART2 type architecture is proposed for approximate inference from a set of production rules and an observed premise. The antecedents and consequents of the rules and the observation can be fuzzy, and the rule set may be incomplete. The reasoning method is based on a recently proposed approximate analogical reasoning meta-algorithm as well as some proposed modifications that make it more deductive. It is possible to devise a training algorithm so that the proposed neural network can be used as a reprogrammable inference engine.
HbA1c: A Review of Analytical and Clinical Aspects
Cas Weykamp 대한진단검사의학회 2013 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.33 No.6
After the relationship between glycemic control and the HbA1c concentration was demonstrated, many tests have been developed to determine the HbA1c concentration. The test results are standardized to the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC) Reference Measurement Procedure (RMP) in harmony with the efforts of the National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP). The longitudinal use of the test requires strict quality management including accreditation of the laboratory, a dedicated internal control design, participation in an external quality assessment (EQA) program (proficiency test), and careful consideration of pre- and post-analytical aspects of the test. Performance goals for optimizing determination of the HbA1c concentration have been described. As an index of long-term glycemic control and a risk predictor, the HbA1c concentration is an indispensable part of routine management of diabetes. Because of the improving quality of the test, the HbA1c concentration is being increasingly applied in the diagnosis of diabetes. There are, however, concerns of this application in point-of-care settings. The HbA1c concentration is also used to achieve stringent control in pregnant diabetic patients. Strict standardization enables the definition of universal reference values and clinical decision limits. This review describes the present status of analytical and clinical aspects of determining the HbA1c concentration and highlights the challenges involved.
De la descentralización al centralismo en los procesos electorales
German Perez Fernandez del Cas,Pablo Armando Gonzalez Ulloa A 한국라틴아메리카학회 2011 라틴아메리카연구 Vol.24 No.2
Since the beginning of Mexico’s independence, the states have pressed for decentralization such that federalization has been necessary to contain the unrest of some territories standing against the formation of the Congress which became the bearer of national sovereignty after Iturbide's abdication in 1823. Irrespective of what one means by federalization, in the field of electoral politics it is a real phenomenon which manifests the contradictory tendencies of federalization and of the official, traditional federalist discourse in the country. Following upon these contradictory tendencies, the configuration of the Mexican electoral system has undergone various transformations, through the passing of laws and constitutional reforms that have gradually led to a centralization of the electoral process. The Electoral Act of 1946 initiated the construction of this centralization upon the stipulation that municipalities relinquish all powers relating to the organization of municipal and federal elections. Then tendency toward centralization was later reinforced when the Federal Electoral Tribunal of Judiciary Power of the Federation was established and endowed with the right to intervene in the state and municipal elections. Finally, a recently held electoral reform has a series of centralized attributes that give new powers to the Federal Electoral Institute.
On the local stability condition in the planar beam finite element
Planinc, Igor,Saje, Miran,Cas, Bojan Techno-Press 2001 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.12 No.5
In standard finite element algorithms, the local stability conditions are not accounted for in the formulation of the tangent stiffness matrix. As a result, the loss of the local stability is not adequately related to the onset of the global instability. The phenomenon typically arises with material-type localizations, such as shear bands and plastic hinges. This paper addresses the problem in the context of the planar, finite-strain, rate-independent, materially non-linear beam theory, although the proposed technology is in principle not limited to beam structures. A weak formulation of Reissner's finite-strain beam theory is first presented, where the pseudocurvature of the deformed axis is the only unknown function. We further derive the local stability conditions for the large deformation case, and suggest various possible combinations of the interpolation and numerical integration schemes that trigger the simultaneous loss of the local and global instabilities of a statically determined beam. For practical applications, we advice on a procedure that uses a special numerical integration rule, where interpolation nodes and integration points are equal in number, but not in locations, except for the point of the local instability, where the interpolation node and the integration point coalesce. Provided that the point of instability is an end-point of the beam-a condition often met in engineering practice-the procedure simplifies substantially; one of such algorithms uses the combination of the Lagrangian interpolation and Lobatto's integration. The present paper uses the Galerkin finite element discretization, but a conceptually similar technology could be extended to other discretization methods.
Analytical solution of two-layer beam including interlayer slip and uplift
Kroflic, Ales,Planinc, Igor,Saje, Miran,Cas, Bojan Techno-Press 2010 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.34 No.6
A mathematical model and its analytic solution for the analysis of stress-strain state of a linear elastic two-layer beam is presented. The model considers both slip and uplift at the interface. The solution is employed in assessing the effects of transverse and shear contact stiffnesses and the thickness of the interface layer on behaviour of nailed, two-layer timber beams. The analysis shows that the transverse contact stiffness and the thickness of the interface layer have only a minor influence on the stress-strain state in the beam and can safely be neglected in a serviceability limit state design.
Analytical solution of two-layer beam including interlayer slip and uplift
Ales Kroflic,Igor Planinc,Miran Saje,Bojan Cas 국제구조공학회 2010 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.34 No.6
A mathematical model and its analytic solution for the analysis of stress-strain state of a linear elastic two-layer beam is presented. The model considers both slip and uplift at the interface. The solution is employed in assessing the effects of transverse and shear contact stiffnesses and the thickness of the interface layer on behaviour of nailed, two-layer timber beams. The analysis shows that the transverse contact stiffness and the thickness of the interface layer have only a minor influence on the stress-strain state in the beam and can safely be neglected in a serviceability limit state design.