정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

우리 나라 공업교육의 현황과 과제

노태천,이병욱 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 2000 論文集 Vol.23 No.1

This study purposes to provide prospects to renew industrial education with focus on recent policies. For the purpose, we have reviewed the current state of industrial education in Korea and pointed out its problems. We can point out solutions of industrial education in Korea based on this study; structural reform in technical high school, management of various, specialized and self-controlled curriculums, improve teaching-learning methods corresponded to learner's level, cultivating teacher training programs and retraining system, including the test of industrial education domain for college entrance examination, establishing the public place for teaching practice. But, what the most importance things need to improve are as follows; social structure of academical cliquism, irrational a wage system, and personnel management, contemp of the technology and skill, and so on.

마케팅 커뮤니케이션 도구로서의 스포츠 스폰서십에 관한 연구

노영태,이영덕,이상봉,박병주,전동호 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

The objective of this paper is to build sports sponsorship strategic through studying the state of sports sponsorship and the case study in foreign country. I propose the sports sponsorship strategic in new approach to build the structure of more positive sports sponsorship and the understanding of sports player management in korea that greets 2002 World Cup. For that, To build newly sports sponsorship strategic must have the following requires; 1. The transition of think ; from cost concept to investment concept It is necessary the transition of think from cost concept which is a short startegic to investment concept. That is, it hope to the possibility of player lastingly than to immediately short effect which is used by activating player popular in advertisements. 2. More intensive services for customs It is necessary to show the goal accomplished possible for sports fans, ad maintain sponsorship in long run. In same time, we must aware the publics to be understood of a better cooperate image. 3. To secure a specialty It is necessary to bring up the linkage industry and the manpower of specialist for activating sports as a business dimension, not as a hobby and a nation representative. It must expand specialist to the scout management, the advertisement and the event opening.

두피에 발생한 유상피 혈관육종 1예

노진혁,이병진,조옥자,박시룡 대한피부과학회 2003 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.41 No.7

Angiosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor of endothelial cell origin. Histopathologically, varied differentiation may be observed even within the same tumor. Epithelioid angiosarcoma is one subset of poorly differentiated angiosarcoma which is a rare variant. We report a case of epithelioid angiosarcoma of the scalp in a 59-year-old man. The patient had a painful solitary, 2×3 cm sized, dome-shaped, firm, erythematous to purplish nodule with crust on the vertex of the scalp. Histopathologically, the tumor was chiefly composed of solid sheets of atypical epithelioid cells with prominent eosinophilic cytoplasm, a large vesicular nuclei, and occasional intracytoplasmic vacuoles. Well to moderately differentiated areas with irregular vascular channel-like structures lined by atypical hyperchromatic endothelial cells were also seen in the peripheral areas of the tumor. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive with CD31 which is sensitive marker of endothelial cell. (Korean J Dermatol 2003;41(7) : 971~973)

공업계 고등학교 남 ·여학생의 진로의식 비교 연구

노재정,유병항,차명수 경성대학교 생산기술연구소 1996 생산기술연구지 Vol.3 No.-

The purpose of this thesis is to get data which need to set up the positive directions for Coeducational Technical High School. To attain these data, Technical High School boy and girl students' consciousness of career was examined, and then their consciousness levels of career, choices of career, views for getting a job, and states of career education were compared and analyzed. The main points to accomplish the purpose of this thesis are as follows : 1. Do Technical High School students' motives of entrance and major choice indicate a meaningful difference by both sexes? 2. Do Technical High School students' self-consciousnesses indicate a meaningful difference by both sexes? 3. Do Technical High School students' consciousnesses of career indicate a meaningful difference by both sexes?

45˚ 自由衝突噴射의 亂流混合流動에 關한 實驗的 硏究

盧秉俊,金張權 全北大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

Turbulent jet flow has been studied in many ways: a plane jet, a rectangular jet, an annular jet, a round jet, a wall jet, a parallel jet, a valve jet, a cross jet, a slit jet and etc. In this report, a 45˚ cross jet flow was tried with two same dimensioned nozzles(dia, ø20)which were set up at the exit of the subsonic wind tunnel. Each jet flows to the direction of 22.5˚ to the axis of downstream of the mixed turbulent flow. The centerline of each jet meets at the distance of 217.3mm and their mixing flow could be imagined to exist beyond that distance. For the experimental investigation, the measurement was effectuated at X/X_0=1.2~1.5. The section of the mixed flow shows a elliptic circle which is formed by the inertia forces of the 22.5˚ inclined flows to the X direction. This experimental study aimed at the investigation of the turbulent mixing process of two jets; the mean velocities, the turbulent shear stresses, the correlation coefficients, and the momentum flux were respectively measured in the three directions. The histograms of the turbulent velocities were plotted for the statistical analysis of turbulence. The mean velocity distribution profiles of the downstream component measured in the Y direction coincide well with the empirical equation of Go¨rtler and those measured in the Z direction agree with the equation of H. Schilchting. Other mean velocities ?? and ?? components were randomly distributed. The higher values with same order of the intensity of turbulence were largely distributed at the central part of the flow section. The momentum flux was decreased up to 70% by the shock losses and the development of intense turbulences, but it kept its value constantly beyond X/d=14. Two channel hot-wire anemometer systems(model 1050 series), a dynamic spectral analyzer(model SD 375), a computer (model HP 9845B), and a plotter(model HP 9872C) were used for the calculation and plotting. The X-type hot-wire made of tungsten(dia. ø5㎛, long 3mm, model 0252 T5) was used for the measurements of the mean and turbulent components and the pressures were measured by a electric micro manometer with the precision of 1㎛ of water column. The probe was moved to each direction by a automatic probe traversing system(model SD-100C) with the precision of 1/100mm.

Cylinder 內 交又噴射의 亂流混合流動에 對한 實驗的 考察

盧秉俊,趙元日 全北大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

A turbulent mixing flow of the constant 45˚ cross jet in the cylinder was experimentally exaimed. For the effectuation of the experiment, a cross jet kit with two circular nozzle(exit dia. ø20) manufactured and mounted at the subsonic wind tunnel. The cross point of the centerline of two nozzles was calculated as 120.7mm and the developing turbulent mixing region could be imagined to exist beyond the region of 120.7mm, where the experiments were effectuated. The mean velocities ??, ?? and ?? obtained in the cylinder were a little higher than those obtained from the free cross jet. The intensities of turbulence in the X and Z directions were largely distributed at 0≤Y/b≤1.0 and their distribution of the Y direction was different and they decrease according to the increasment of Y/b. But they keep constant values at 2.0≤Y/b. The turbulent shear stresses, correlation coefficients, were measured and their distribution was analyzed. From the turbulence data, turbulent kinetic energy was calculated and plotted. Every distribution profiles show that their most of the higher values exist at 0≤Y/b≤1.0 and they decrease at the region of 1.0≤Y≤2.1 and keep constant values beyond Y/b=2.1.

壁境界層에서 亂流擴散火焰의 解析에 關한 硏究

盧秉俊 全北大學校 1988 論文集 Vol.30 No.-

During the past years there has been a large number of studies carried out on free turbulent jets such as a round jet. an impinging jet, a parallel jet, and etc. But many interests on diffusion flame have been diffusion flames in the boundary layer have been studied experimentally. In this study, a wall turbulent diffusion flame has been analyzed theoretically and experimentally, and their experimental data such as mean velocities, Reynolds stress, temperature distributions, and kinetic energies were analyzed and compared with some numerical calculations. The law of the wall in the boundary layer shows a quite different distribution because of the second jet. Most of the distributions of the characteristic components of the diffusion flame showed a good agreement with the calculations but some differences were shown significantly in kinetic energy distributions.

地域開發行政組織에 대한 考察

魯炳漢 檀國大學校 地域硏究所 1987 地域硏究 Vol.8 No.-

사회적 자본으로서의 공직윤리 : 공직윤리확립을 통한 신뢰의 회복

노병철 충주대학교 학생생활연구소 2003 學生生活硏究 Vol.10 No.-