S-344 : The Role of Skeletal Muscle Mass in Development of Metabolic Syndrome

( Byung Sam Park ),( Jun Sung Moon ),( Ji Sung Yoon ),( Kyu Chang Won ),( Hyoung Woo Lee ) 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

Introduction: It has been well known that abdominal adiposity is related with insulin resistance and greater risk of metabolic disorder. Skeletal muscle plays central role in insulin mediated glucose disposal of whole body, but we only know a little about the association between skeletal muscle mass and MetS (MetS). The aim of this study is to clarify the clinical role of skeletal muscle mass in developing MetS through using skeletal muscle parameters by body impedance analysis (BIA). Methods: 1,042 healthy adults aged from 20 to 75 years who visited Yeungnam university health promotion center from Jun. 2008 to Jun. 2010 were enrolled. 204 subjects who had prior MetS or chronic disease that can affect to skeletal muscle mass were excluded. After 24 months from baseline, the metabolic parameters were assessed and the development of MetS was diagnosed using modified NCEP-ATP III criteria. From the BIA (Inbody 720), we obtained skeletal muscle mass (SMM, Kg), body fat mass (BFM, Kg), and visceral fat area (VFA, cm2). Then, we had defined as follows; percent of skeletal muscle mass (SMM%, %): SMM (kg)/weight (Kg), skeletal muscle index (SMI, Kg/m2): SMM (Kg)/height (m)2, skeletal muscle to body fat ratio (MFR): SMM (kg)/BFM (Kg) and skeletal muscle to visceral fat ratio (SVR, Kg/cm2): SMM (Kg)/VFA (cm2) Results: Mean follow up periods were 28.7±5.4 months. Among total 838 subjects (46.9±9.9 years, M:F=477:361), 88 (10.5%) were newly diagnosed MetS. 5th quintile of the SMM%, MFR and SVR was associated with decreased risk of development of MetS after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusion: Decreased skeletal muscle mass may play critical role in development of the MetS and not absolute amount of skeletal muscle mass but relative ratio to body composition may be more important.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

교육적 범주로서의 <전시행위>에 관한 이론적 탐구

이병준 한국문화교육학회 2011 문화예술교육연구 Vol.6 No.1

이 논문에서는 일반적으로 박물관, 미술관, 예술경영에서 주목하고 있는 전시행위에 대한 교육학적 해석을 시도된다. 박물관연구에 따르면 전시(exhibition)행위는 특별한 해석없이 전시물을 공개하는 진열(display)와는 다른 해석이 매개되는 소통적 실천이다. 이러한 전시행위는 박물관과 박물관교육의 역사를 살펴볼 때 하나의 중요한 계몽적 실천행위였임을 파악할 수 있다. 역사적으로 전시는 대중을 계몽하는 하나의 교수법적 행위였던 것이다. 교육이론가들에 따르면 전시행위는 보여주기라는 교육적 행위의 원형 중의 하나이다. 특히 전시행위는 재현적 보여주기에 해당하는 실천으로 교육적 행위의 중요범주에 속하게 된다. 교육학은 교수와 상담과 같은 전통적인 주요개념에 대한 연구 뿐만 아니라 박물관교육에서 이루어지는 전시행위에 대한 연구 등을 통하여 교육학 이론의 확장을 시도할 필요가 있다. 전시행위에 대한 교육학적 탐구는 교육학 연구 영역의 확장을 의미한다. This study tries an educational interpretation about the exhibition events that draw attention from a museum, an art gallery and an art management. According to studies on the museum, an exhibition is a communicational practice with a medium of interpretation, while a display just opens objects to the public without giving any interpretation. This exhibition event can be understood as an illuminating practice that is strategically important when considering the history of a museum. In other words, it is a method of teaching to illuminate the public through an exhibition. According to the educational theorists, an exhibition event is one of the archetypes of educational events. Especially an exhibition event is a practice corresponding to the reproductive presentation, and thus belongs to an important scope of the educational events. Educational study on the exhibition event implies an extension of the scope in the educational research. It is necessary for the field of pedagogy to try not only studies on the traditional main concepts such as teaching and counseling, but also the extension of the pedagogical theories through studies on the exhibition events held in the museum education.

知覺이 運動學習에 미치는 影響

전병관 경희대학교 사회체육연구소 1995 體育科學論叢 Vol.- No.8

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of repetitive exposure to noise on the acquisition pattern of motor skill. 90 male college students were volunteered for the study and randomly divided into the experimental group. A series of combined numbers were given to remember for the experimental group, and with 100 second time interval the differently mixed numbers were provided to the experimental group for the purpose If disordering cognitive function If subjects. The control group was not exposed to the noise during the 100 second time intervals. The results showed that unlike the previous assumption the experimental group generally demonstrated a better cognitive function than the control group. This results support that the learning and cognition of the movement skill would be acquired differently from the other acquisition patterns motor skill would accept the random information in systemic procedure, which is believed to relate to self-formation.

트레드밀 걷기운동 형태에 따른 심폐기능에 미치는 효과

전종귀,최재청,조병준 충남대학교 체육과학연구소 2006 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the The effect of Treadmill Walking Conditions on Cardiovascular Function. Ten healthy females were participated in this experiment. Subjects walked on a comfortable walking speed(2.74km/h) under three conditions. Three conditions were : First, without a knee immobilized and crutches(normal) Second, with a low leg immobilized(cast), third, with a low leg immobililized and cruthes(cast and crutch). Ventilatory Volume, Oxygen Cost, Respiratory Exchange Ratio, Kcal, Ventilatory Equivalent were measured by Gas analyzer, FIR by Polar heart rate tester.. Results of this study were as follows : First, Ventilatory Volume of cast and crutch group increased as compared with normal group and cast group(p<0.01). Second, Oxygen Cost of cast and crutch group increased as compared with normal group and cast group(p<0.01) Third, In Respiratory Exchange Ratio and Ventilatory Equivalent, no significant differences existed among the three groups. Fourth, Kcal of cast and crutch group increased as compared with normal group and cast group in 15minutes(p<0.01), 18minutes(p<0.01), 21minutes(p<0.05), but in the other time, no significant differences existed among the three groups. As a results, Cardiovascular Function of knee immobilization and crutch group increased during level walking at comfortable walking speed(2.74km/h) as compared with knee immobilization group and normal group. Therefore, This fact must be considered during walking training and exercise.

자연환경방사선에 의한 피폭선량(유효선량당량)의 종합적 해석연구

전재식,채하석,이병영,김현창,이동준,김도성,엄두하 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1990 연구논문집 Vol.10 No.-

자연환경방사선의 세 가지 주요 요소인 지각방사선, 우주선 전리성분 및 라돈과 그 자핵종이 주는 선량을 측정, 해석하였는 바 18개월간에 걸쳐 대전, 수원, 경산 지역에 대하여 수행하고 이를 종합하여 유효선량당량으로 평가하였다. 지각방사선과 우주선 전리성분 측정을 위하여 3"∮×3" Nal(Tl) 섬광검출기와 휴대형 다중파고분석기를 이용한 감마선 분광분석 및 ^7LiF PTEE disk TLD에 의한 적산선량측정을 병행하였고, 공기중 라돈농도의 측정은 CR-39 고체비적검출기를 내장한 라돈컵을 설계제작하여 사용하였으며 비적수 라돈농도 교정인자는 스웨덴 국립방사선 방호연구소의 표준 라돈 챔버내에서 조사하여 결정하였다. 세 지역의 가연방사선에 의한 유효선량당량에는 약간의 수치적 차이는 있었으나 본질적 차이는 찾아볼 수 없었으며 지역 측정치의 분산가중 평균치는 지각방사선 (463±3)uSvㆍy^-1[(52.9±0.3)nSvㆍh^-1], 우주선 전리성분 (287±15)uSvㆍy^-1[(32.8±1.7)nSvㆍy^-1]로 외부 피폭이 (775±9)uSvㆍy^-1[(88.5±1.0)nSvㆍy^-1]였으며 라돈과 그 자핵종에 의한 내부피폭은 (1973±298)uSvㆍy^-1[(225.2±34.0)nSvㆍy^-1]였다. 따라서 자연황경방사선에 의한 여간 총 선량당량은 (2762±296)uSvㆍy^-1[(315.3±34.0)nSvㆍh^-1]로 평가되었는데 이 값들은 UN보고서^(11)에 나온 “정상적 자연방사선 지역”의 값과 비교할 만한 타당한 값으로 나타났다. Assessment of effective dose equivalent from natural environmental radiation that consists of terrestrial gamma­ray, ionizing component of cosmic­ray and alpha­rays of atmospheric radon and its decay products has been carried out for 18 months in Daejeon, Suwon and Kyungsan areas. A 3"∮×3"cylindrical Nal(Ti) scintillation detector in association with portable multichannel analyser and ^7LiF PTFE disk TLDs were used for the measurement of terrestrial gamma­ray and cosmic­ray ionizing component, while self­designed radon­cups with CR-39 SSNTD attached to the inside bottom were used for the integral measurement of at­mospheric radon concentration. Determination of calibration factor for converting track density of CR-39 detector to radon concentration was made by irradiation of radon­cups in the standard radon chamber of Swedish National Institute of Radiation Protection. Although resultant effective dose equivalents of three different measurment points show minor numerical differences, no essential discripancy between the places was found. The variance weighted means of the annual effective dose equivalents of each component of radiation from the tree places came out to be: (463±3)uSvㆍy^-1[(52.9±0.3)nSvㆍy^-1] for terrestrial gamma­ray, (287±15)uSvㆍy^-1[(32.8±1.7)nSvㆍy^-1] for ionizing component of cosmic­ray and (1973±298)uSvㆍy^-1[(225.2±34.0)nSvㆍy^-1] for internal exposure of radon and its decay products. Consequent total effective dose equivalent turned out to be (2762±298)uSvㆍy^-1[(315.3±34.0)nSvㆍy^-1], which if reasonably comparable with that appeared in UNSCEAR Report^[11]as per caput annual effective dose equivalent in “areas of normal back ground radiation.”

저 시멘트를 함유한 진동 성형용 고 알루미나질 캐스터블 제조

전병세 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1997 硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.1

Microsilica는 저 시멘트를 함유한 내화물에서 화학 결합제로 성공적으로 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 Microsilica, 알루미나, 그리고 0.5 wt.% 알루미나 시멘트를 새로운 결합 시스템으로 사용하였다. Microsilica는 유동 특성을 증가시켰으며, 수분의 소모량을 감소시켰다. 그리고 Microsilica의 응고 효과로 인해 시멘트의 함량을 줄일 수 있었다. 또한 알루미나, Microsilica, 그리고 알루미나 시멘트의 혼합물은 가열시에 Mullite 상으로 상변태 하였다. 이 계에서 Mullite의 상변태에 사용된 활성화 에너지는 19.87kcal/mol이었다. Microsilica is being used successfully as a chemical bond in refractories with Low Cement. Microsilica as ultra fine powder is indispensable in aluminosilicate system. A new bond system was employed with a microsilica, alumina, and 0.5 wt% alumina cement in this work. The microsilica enhanced the flow properties, reduced the water consumption and cement content due to coagulation effects of microsilica. The mixture of alumina, microsilica, and alumina cement was transformed into mullite phase during heat treatmet. Activation energy for the transformation of mullite in this system was 19.87 kcal/mol.

진주시 쓰레기봉투속의 성분조사

전기일,정병윤,이춘식 진주산업대학교 2000 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.7

The purpose of this study was to investigated the physics-chemical characteristic of municipal solid waste generated in the Chinju city. It is important to know the physico-chemical characteristic of municipal solid waste. The average physical composition of municipal solid waste in APT and Detached Dwelling are food waste 68% and 55.5%, paper 13.5% and 16.5%, vinyl & plastic 13.7% and 16.5%, glass 2.73% and 1.7%, metal 2.06% and 1.03%, others 6.6% and 2.1%, respectively.

현대 독일어의 구문안 연구

田炳天 단국대학교 1995 論文集 Vol.29 No.-

HPSG(두부중심 구절구조 문법)이론

전병쾌 慶北大學校 語學硏究所 1990 語文硏究 Vol.15 No.-