한국어 음감표현 파라메터 해석

원충상,정병철 韓國交通大學校 2013 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.48 No.-

This research analyzes change of Korean language expression factor (speaking speed, frequency character and range of language, sound pressure level) follow time change with experiment. Method of analysis are, to check frequency character with Fast Fourier Transform from digital signal, converted from analog audio signal, and STFT (Short Time Fourier Transform). Sound pressure level is checked in 3 speed steps (slow, normal, fast). As a result, I know that important base frequency is 250Hz and range is 50~2,500Hz. I’ve checked connection change, followed time, between word and syllable. Because sound pressure level change between syllables, component of word, is smooth, this result is helpful information, which analyzes recognition of word.

청소년 환상소설의 문학교육적 의미와 "가치의 세계"

나병철 ( Byung Chul Na ) 청람어문교육학회(구 청람어문학회) 2010 청람어문교육 Vol.42 No.-

이 논문에서는 청소년 환상소설에서 나타나는 특징인 가치의 세계의 탐색이 청소년 문학의 핵심적 요소의 하나임을 밝히려고 했다. 청소년 환상소설은 통과제의적인 성장의 과정에서 가치의 세계의 탐색이 중요한 문제임을 보여준다. 환상소설은 무의식 속에 숨겨져 있던 이상적인 소망과 연관된 이미지들을 표현하는 문학이다. 그런데 청소년 환상소설에서는 그 무의식 속의 소망이 암시된 환상세계를 통해 청소년 주인공이 정체성을 형성하는 과정이 나타난다. 청소년 주인공은 환상의 방식으로 표현된 이상적 가치의 세계를 내면화함으로써 자아를 확장하고 정체성을 확립한다. 이런 가치의 세계의 탐색은 성인 환상소설이나 모험적인 판타지(소설이나 동화)에서 나타나는 특징과 구별된다. 성인 환상소설에서는 가치의 탐색이 현실세계에 대한 질문과 함께 나타남으로써 삶의 의미에 대한 탐구가 핵심적인 문제가 된다. 반면에 모험적인 판타지에서는 우리의 무의식과 상상력을 고양시키는 놀이의 문학이 중요한 측면이다. 그 둘과 달리 청소년 환상소설에서는 환상공간에 표현된 무의식적 소망과 가치의 문제를 내면화함으로써 정체성을 형성해가는 가는 과정이 제시된다. 이 논문에서는 그런 청소년 환상소설의 특징을 서정적 환상소설(애니메이션) 『마리 이야기』와 서사적 환상소설 『위저드 베이커리』를 통해 살펴보았다. This thesis examined My Beautiful Girl(Lee Sung-Kang) and Wizard Bakery(Goo Byung-Mo) to consider the characteristic of adolescent literature. These novels are Fantasy for adolescence. Fantasy is art which creates another world to express richer and more beautiful value. This is more characteristic in Fantasy for adolescence. Fantasy for adult or children is aimed to reveal the Meaning of life or to allow full play to our imagination. But Fantasy for adolescence expresses fantastic images in relation to the value of life. My Beautiful Girl and Wizard Bakery are initiation novel(or animation). But the former is lyrical novel and the latter is the novel with storytelling. Thus, My Beautiful Girl shows beautiful fantastic images in relation to the value of life. But Wizard Bakery shows the value of life in relation to the problem of choice. Making choice in life is related with the choice in narrative. Wizard Bakery shows this through the form of metafiction. But Wizard Bakery accords with My Beautiful Girl in respect that these novels reveal fantastic images in relation to the value of life. And this is one of the important characteristic of adolescent literature.

韓國型 Turnip Mosaic Virus의 純化

김병훈,권오병,마병철,강미란,권무식 성균관대학교 생명과학자원연구소 1996 生命資源科學硏究 Vol.3 No.1

Chinese cabbage(Brassica campestris subsp pekinensis) useful for making a traditional Korean food, Kimchi, has been considered as the most important vegetable in Korea. In order to supply large quantity of chinese cabbage to the consumer, the mass cultivation is demanded. However, the mass production has been faced to serious problem due to fungal, bacterial and/or viral infections. It has been reported that the viral infections are the worst phatogeruc causes in a number of plants. In the chinese cabbage, turnip mosaic virus(TuMV) is the most serious pathogen. Five different strains of TuMV(Cl, C2, C3, C4, and C5) were identified in the world. We are reporting two strains(C4, C5) purified from Brassica nigra. They are all filamentous on electron micrographs. The TuMV C4 is about 1,300nm long, whereas the C5 is about 1,200nm long in average. They are larger than those reported previously(680-900nm). They will be used to produce monoclonal antibodies against the TuMV coat proteins. The antibodies arc required to develop a sensitive and specific screening methods for the TuMV infected plants.

American Medical Association 5판을 근거로 한 한국형 말초신경계 장애 평가기준 개발

박동식,김병조,황선철,송인욱,손병철,장성호,정두신 순천향대학교 의학연구소 2009 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.14 No.3

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정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

횡단면 자료를 이용한 지역별 소비함수 분석

安秉哲 영남대학교 사회과학연구소 2001 社會科學硏究 Vol.21 No.1

소비함수에 대한 논의는 많이 있지만, 횡단면 자료를 이용하거나 지역별 차이를 살펴본 연구는 많지 않다. 본 연구는 소규모 횡단면 자료를 이용하여 지역별 한계소비성향(MPC)에 차이가 있는지 살펴보았다. 또한 '소비함수의 역설'현상을 고려하여 케인지안 소비함수를 수정하여 추정하였다. 지역의 구분은 행정구역을 기초로 수도권과 비수도권, 광역시와 중소도시, 광역 생활권 등으로 구분하였으며, 또한 경제적 특성에 따라 소득, 소비지출, 소비지출 비율 등을 기준으로 분류하였다. 연구결과 행정구역에 의한 구분에 의하면 수도권과 광역시의 MPC가 비교대상 지역에 비해 유의한 차이를 가지고 있었으며, 광역 생활권으로 구분한 경우에는 지역별로 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 경제적 구분에 의해 지역을 분류한 경우에는 각 지역별로 유의한 차이가 존재하는 것으로 보인다.

대학생의 노인복지에 대한 인식도

차병준,김무룡,김기열,차경미,김귀희,김현실,서인선,임상규,이순자,위광복,남철현 慶山大學校 保健福祉硏究所 1999 保健福祉硏究 Vol.2 No.-

The purpose of this study is to grasp the change of consciousness of young people in order to seek new approach of policy for aged era. 1,200 students attending collages and universities in three small or medium sized cities were inquired for 2 months, from October 1 to November 30, 1996. The result is as follows. 1. The characteristic of the respondents of this survey is that they include 72.1% of women, 40.4% of people aged between 20 to 21, and 49.1% of people who do not have any religion. Those who are from big cities and those who are form farming villages or fishing village occupy equally 40.2%, those who reside in that cities for a long period 49.0%, and those who live with their family 60.9%. 2. The family feature of the subject is that 31.5% of them are those whose father is the age of 55 and more than 55, 10% of them are those whose mothers age is so, 33.1% of them have 5 family members, 29.5% of them have the family income of 1,000,000 to 1,490,000 won, 83.9% of them are from middle class, 47.7% of them are the people whose grand parents have passed away, 70.4% of them live apart from their grand parents, and 60.9% of them are second child. 3. 64.0% of males, 70% of respondents who are aged over 24, 58.1% of respondents who are from rural communities, 62.4% of respondents who live in rural area, and 58.3% of respondents who live alone, prefer to live with grand parents, marked higher rate than other groups. The groups whose father and mother are the age of more than 55 marked higher rate of 55.9% and 58% each than any other groups(p<0.05). The groups whose family member is less than three, whose grand parents both have passed away in middle class, who live with their grand parents, and who are second children, give more positive answers than any other groups. 4. Those who are older, who are buddhists, who are from rural area or live in rural area, whose family is small, whose family income is small, who are from lower class and whose grand parents are still alive, shows preference to support their parents after marriage. 5. Females(89.4%), those who are from small or medium sized cities(89%), who live with their family(85.6%), whose father is the age of 55 and more than 55, whose mother is the age of 54 and less than 54, whose family member is 6, who are from middle class, whose grandparents are still alive and who are the eldest child in their family, give more response that they prefer to live apart from their children in their old age than any other groups. 6. What elderly people need most right now is past time(42.3%), and the respondents whose age is 20 to 21, who are buddhists, who are from middle sized cities and live alone, whose parents are the age of more than 55, who have small family income, who live with their grand parents and who are second children show higher level than any other groups. 7. 76.8% of respondents answer that they do not need their parent's fortune, marked still higher rate than the opposite answer. Those who are older, who are buddhists, who are from big cities, who reside in rural area, who live alone and have smaller family, who are in bad family economic conditions and who live with grand parents present higher rate of positive response. 8. 59.3% of respondents reply that they think about death from time to time, and those who are female, who are in the age of 20 to 21, who are christian, who live with their family, whose siblings or other family members offer their education expenses show higher rate than any other groups. 9. 92.3% of respondents answer that the budget for welfare facility for elderly people is very small. The younger the respondents are and the worse economic condition they have among those who live in big cities, the more answered that. 10. 50% of respondents think social security should provide for their old age, and 42.8% of them believe they themselves provide against it. The respondence that social security ought provide for it appeared more among those whose age are over 24, who are female, who reside in rural area, who are christian, who are in bad economic condition, and who ever used medical institutions in recent one month, marked higher level than other groups. 11. The adequate time of retirement is 59.97±5.60 for public officers, the highest and 59.28±6.35 for teachers, the next. 12. 35.2% of respondents reply that the adequate budget for the old age after their retirement at the age of 60 is 220 million won, showed the highest level of respondence. 13. The factors which affect on the old people in the charged welfare facilities are sex(p<0.01), the type of housing(p<0.05) and whole family income(p<0.05). 14. The factors which affect on remarriage are sex(p<0.05) and religion(p<0.05). For varying old population and expanded welfare service for them, government and relevant authority should give more attention to secure the budget, establish effective plans to expand various program and the facilities for elderly people in order that elderly people spend the rest of life time more happily and more fruitfully. To do that, each college and university should open Health courses, and educate and inform about health and welfare.

[논문]고속 궤도차량의 동역학 해석 소프트웨어 개발

이병훈,한명철 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 2003 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.62 No.-

이 논문에서는 전 · 후처리기를 포함하는 고속 궤도차량의 동역학 해석 소프트혜어를 개발하였다. 궤도차량은 차체, 포탑, 마운트, 포신과 로드휠 어셈블리로 구성되어 있다. 궤도는 인장에 대하여 일정한 탄성을 가진다고 가정하여 궤도에 의한 구속력을 직접 구하여 차량의 운동방정식에 외력으로 넣어주는 방법으로 모텔링하였다. 시스탬의 운동방정식은 속도변환기법을 이용하여 조인트 좌표로 유도하였으며, 전 · 후처리기는 visual C++을 이용하여 개발하였다.

화재시 생성된 유독가스로 부터의 안전관리 방안 연구 : CO가스 대책을 중심으로

김병석,최만철,장병집 忠州大學校 2011 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.46 No.-

Recently developed a variety of architectural interior decoration according hwadoeme type of toxic gases generated during fire also are becoming diversified, resulting in fatal casualties occurred in the trend is also being increased. During a fire, toxic gas that is generated varies depending on the combustible material occurs. However, all combustible materials, including carbon, incomplete combustion of carbon monoxide which is generated in the most common toxic gases can be seen as one. Accordingly, in this study of organic solids that are generated in case of fire toxic gases, and briefly discuss the characteristics of the risks and, by far the most common CO gas for measures to prevent human casualties, seolbijeok, the temperature dependence, divided into four aspects of administrative daechaekdeung explained. In seeking to study in Korea due to the nature of the atmosphere in the event of casualties caused by fire victims and casualties of the CO-Hb concentration on the human body by measuring a very limited case said the cause of death in Japan had to use a lot of material in well feel the limit, fire, personal injury that occurs when you share the need for a systematic investigation. This study of the toxic gases generated during a fire on CO Gas will use the tools, basic safety measures. The future development of many combustible interior decorations are coming up in front of my eyes. So I accepted geonchukmulnae occur depending on the type of material appropriate safety measures taken by toxic gases, the research also deemed to be concurrent.

불안정성 흉요추체 방출형 골절 환자에서 기구를 이용한 고정술의 결과

안병조,이정청,김재은,김형일,김철진,최하영 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.9

Fifty six patients with unstable thoracolumbar bursting fractures were treated using variable internal fixation devices such as the Kaneda Anterior Fixation System(Kaneda device), the Z-Plate-ATL^(TM) Anterior Fixation System(Z-Plate ATL^(TM)device), the Harrington device. Cotrel-Dudousset(CD) or Compact Cotrel Dubousset(CCD) device of Steffee Transpedicular System with or without decompression. Suchy internal fixation devices were grouped into anterior and posterior internal fixation devices and compared with each other in the aspect of the degree of neurological improvement, the changes of the vertebral height and the kyphotic angle, the duration of admission, and postoperative complications. In conclusion, the anterior internal fixation device appears to be of more benefit in the management of patients with unstable thoracolumbar bursting fracture