Réflexions sur les traits pertinents des consonnes françaises

Byong­Ju Lim(林炳珠) 영남대학교 인문과학연구소 1983 人文硏究 Vol.4 No.-

중국에서의 근현대사 인식과 역사 교과서 서술 : ‘革命’에서 ‘現代化’와 ‘民族’으로

윤세병(Yoon, Se-byong) 호서사학회 2014 역사와 담론 Vol.0 No.69

중국에 사회주의 정권이 수립된 이후 마르크스주의 역사학은 정권의 이데올로기로서 역사학 연구의 주요 방법론이 되었다. 공산당 주도 하의 사회주의 혁명의 정당성을 입증하기 위하여 중국 근현대사에서 계급투쟁과 사회주의 혁명이 강조되었다. 이러한 연구 경향은 역사 교과서 서술에도 반영되어 근현대사에서 태평천국 운동, 의화단운동 등을 혁명노선으로 강조하였다. 반면에 개혁 운동이었던 양무운동이나 변법운동 그리고 공산당과 대결을 벌였던 국민당은 개량 혹은 반동으로 묘사되었다. 문화대혁명이 끝나고 개혁 ․ 개방이 실시되면서 중국 근현대사를 이해하는 방식에 변화가 오고 역사 교과서의 서술 역시 변하였다. 역사 발전의 원동력을 계급투쟁이 아닌 생산력을 중시하는 견해가 주류를 이루면서 혁명사나 계급투쟁사의 관점이 퇴조하기 시작하였다. 그리고 중국 근현대사를 현대화 과정의 역사로 해석하는 견해가 등장하였다. 개량 혹은 반동 노선으로 규정되었던 양무운동이나 변법운동 등이 중시되고, 태평천국운동이나 의화단 운동은 비중이 약화되었다. 특히 교과서에서 태평천국운동과 의화단 운동은 독립된 단원이 아닌 각각 제2차 아편전쟁과 8국 연합군의 중국 침략이라는 단원 속의 일부 내용 요소로 다루어지고 있다. 이는 민족사라는 틀에서 역사 서술이 이루어진다는 점을 보여주는데, 이러한 경향은 국민당에 대한 서술 변화에서도 읽을 수 있다. 항일전쟁 시기에 소극적인 존재로 묘사하던 국민당을 긍정적으로 서술한다는 점이다. 즉, 중국 공산당 주도의 항일전쟁이 아닌 국민당과 공산당이 함께한 민족운동사로서 항일전쟁을 그리고 있다. 결국 민족사는 현대화의 입장과 함께 중국 근현대사 서술에서 중요한 흐름으로 자리하고 있다. 이는 현재의 중국 정부가 지향하는 ‘현대화’와 국민 통합 이데올로기로서의 ‘민족’을 역사 교과서를 통해 부각시키고 있는 것이다. Since People’s Republic of China(PRC) has been established in 1949, historical materialism was the central method for the study of history among scholars. The class struggle and revolution, especially peasant movement and the socialist revolution. This influenced on the narrative of history textbooks. But as the Cultural Revolution ended, trends of study on Chinese modern history have shifted and the narrative in history textbooks of China have been changed accordingly. The modern history has been regarded as important part in the long historical context of China. The perspective on the modern history is directly connected to the recognition and policy of Chinese government. Focused on Taipingtianguo movement (太平天國運動), people movement, Yanwu movement(洋務運動), reform movement, and Anti-Japan war, the aspect of change in narratives was discussed. There was a shift from the conservative interpretation based on the Marxism before the reform and opening-up policy to the new interpretation focused on modernization. This has led to the change of narrative in the history textbooks. The Anti-Japan war was depicted as the triumph of Gongchandang(共産黨), Chinese Communist Party, but later the war has described as Chinese people’s resistence including Guomindang(國民黨), Chinese Nationalist Party. The perspective has changed from the history of class struggle and revolution by communist to the national identity, aiming at national unity between China and Taiwan.

A Role and Reference Grammar Account of Unaccusativity : Split Intransitivity

Yang, Byong Seon 대한언어학회 1996 언어학 Vol.4 No.-

Yang, Byong-seon. 1996. A Role and Reference Grammar Account of Unaccusativity: Split Intransitivity. Linguistics 4, 77-93. Since Perlmutter (1978) proposed the Unaccusative Hypothesis, one of the current issues is the question of whether the unaccusativity should have its foundation in syntax or in semantics (cf. Grimshaw 1978, Levin and Rappaport Hovav 1995, B. S. Yang to appear, among others). In Role and Reference Grammar, Van Valin (1987, 90) argues that two semantic parameters, inherent lexical aspect (Aktionsart) and agentivity, underlie split intransitivity (i.e. unergative/unaccusative distinction) crosslinguistically. In this paper, I study Korean unaccusativity in semantic terms of Role and Reference Grammar (RRG), a srvctu al-functionalist theory of grammar. With the theory of verb classification proposed by B. S. Yang (1994), I proposed that the inherent lexical aspect, activity, underlies Korean unaccusativity, as in Italian and Georgian, whereas in Japanese (cf. Kishimoto 1996) and Acehnese (cf. Van Valin 1987, 90) the contrast turns crucially on agentiveness. This paper supports the theory of RRG that two semantic parameters, inherent lexical aspect (Aktionsart) and agentivity, underlie split intransitivity crosslingdistically and languages vary with respect to which parameter governs the split. (Jeonju University)

An PRG Account of Korean Verbal Inflection : Operator Projection

Yang, Byong Seon 대한언어학회 1999 언어학 Vol.7 No.3

Yang, Byong-seon. 1999. An RRG Account of Korean Verbal Inflection: Operator Projection. Linguistics 7-3, 275-296. This paper is a study of Korean inflectional verb morphemes which express grammatical categories of aspect, tense, modality, negation, etc. within the framework of Role and Reference Grammar [RRG]. In this paper, I propose that grammatical categories can be explained and represented in the Operator Projection and that the fixed ordering of inflectional verb morphemes in Korean fully follows RRG operator system. Also it supports RRG assumption that the ordering of the morphemes expressing operators with respect to the verb indicates their relative scope. (Jeonju University)

언어간 음자번역으로서의 국어의 로마자 표기법 연구 : 음절단위 영자표기법 Syllable-based `Englishization`

양병선 대한언어학회 2001 언어학 Vol.9 No.3

Yang, Byong-seon. 2001. A Study of Korean Romanization as an. Inter-lingual Phonetic/Letter Translation: Syllable-based 'Englishization'. The Linguistic Association, of Korea Journal, 9(3), 25-50. The me. purpose of this paper is to study how to write Korean Romanization for general purposes such as all geographical, personal and company names, cultural sites and properties, and road signs. In this paper, discussing the problems of the previous Romanization systems, I propose i) that Korean Romanization should be an inter-lingual phonetic/letter translation between Korean and o of the languages using Roman letters, ii) that the target language for the translation should be English which is regarded a international language in the 21 Century and is used widely in the world, iii) that the term 'Englishization' should be used instead of 'Romanization'. Also, I propose a 947 syllable based Englishization system for general people. (Jeonju University)

광폭하구에서의 오염물질 확신이송 모형 (BAYQUAL) 개발

류병로,한양수,두민호,유병연 大田産業大學校 1998 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.15 No.1

The objective of this research is to develop the water quality simulation model (BAYQUAL) that deal with the physical and chemical aspects of rate/behavior of pollutants in the bay BAYQUAL is a two dimensional, time-variable finite element water quality model. This modeling system was designed to provide the generality and flexibility necessary for analyzing a verity of water quality problems in a diverse set of water bodies. The algorithm is composed of a hydrodynamic module(BAYQUAL) which solves the equations of motion and continuity, a pollutant dispersion module which solves the dispersion-advection equation. The applicability and feasibility of the model are discussed by applications of the model to the Kwangyang bay of South Coastal Waters of Korea. Based on the field data, the BAYQUAL model was calibrated and verified. The results were in good agreement with measured value within relative error of 3% for COD. Numerical simulations of velocity components and tide amplitude were agreed closely with the actual data.

우리나라 命數法에 대한 小考

김병덕 國立昌原大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1994 基礎科學硏究所論文集 Vol.6 No.-

The Korean numeral system had been the form of ① from table 1 by 18C and has been slowly transformed into that of ② from the time of the books "Chagunbangmonggu" written by "Lee Sang-hyok" and "Shanhakchongui" by "Nam Byong-gil".

瀉白散의 肥滿細胞 嫫介性 炎症性 細胞活性物質 分泌 抑制 效果

이병주,신조영,이시형,홍재의,박병민,이승언 한국전통의학연구소 2003 한국전통의학지 Vol.13 No.1

Ocjective : Sabaeksan has been used for the purpose of prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma and allergic asthma in korea. Methods : To investigate the biological effect of Sabaeksan, the author examined cytotoxicity and inflammatory cytokines secretion with human leukemic mast cell line, HMC-1. HMC-1 was stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore A23187. Sabaeksan by itself had no effect on viability of HMC-1. Result : The effects of Sabaeksan on the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 from HMC-1 were evaluated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Sabaeksan (1 mg/㎖) inhibited PMA plus A23187-stimulated TNF-α and IL-6 secretion, by 43.86 ± 5.26%, 56.39 ± 3.65%, respectively. Sabaeksan also inhibited the NF-κB (p50/p65) expression. Conclusion : Taken together, these results suggest that Sabaeksan inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines in HMC-1 cells through blockade of NF-κB activation.

成人의 댄스스포츠 활동에 關한 調査

林植,朴炳先 동국대학교 교육연구원 2000 교육문제연구 Vol.15 No.-

Abstract The Investigate Study on the Activity in Dance Sports Lim Shik, Park Byong-Shon The object of this research is to develop and popularize DanceSports. This research is based on the questionnaires answered by 516 adults living in Soul. According to the data analysis, I can come to the conclusion like following. 1) Basic actual condition in DanceSports According to the spread of age in sport dancing trainees, most of them are men in their forties(43.7%) and women in their thirties(69.4%), but it shows a slight decline for the fifties. Men form 46.5% and women 53.5% in the spread of sex. Most of them are beginners who have experience of one year and less. 2)Educational al activity in DanceSports. Amlong the respondents, some of them have dancing class before(40.5%) in Cultural-Educational cen(47.7%) or private institutes(31.2%) mostly. And the most popular class in sport dancing(48.6%, p<.001), The motif of taking lesson is their own will or their friends' encouragement(46.5%, p<.001), and they feel very satisfied with the lesson(74.8%, p<.001). But they feel negative about taking lessons with their spouses together(63.2%, p>.05). They answered in the affirmative about introducing sport dancing to Korea educational curriculum(83.6%, p<.001). They think the effective period to learn sport dancing is childhood(63.3%, p>.05) and also answer they will encourage their children to learn it if they want(77.6%, p>.05). But they add there are something to be desired in teaching method(26.2%, p<.001). 3)Popularizing DanceSports sport Dancing can be defined as an exercise mixed with pose, music and motion(p<.001). The respondents think Sport Dancing is necessary for the daily lives(64.9%, p>.05) to build up healthy bodies(25.9%), to be sociable(22.5%) and to have sense of rhythm through music(16.8%, p<.001). And they prefer waltz(28.7%) and Cha-Cha(17.9%) because they can lear them easily and quickly(p<.001). But there are some problems that have to be solved like course fee(50.0%) and using spare time(24.8%) 4)Changing awareness in DanceSports The respondents think dancing plays a big role in their lives(p<.05) and feel themselves outgoing and healthy after learning it(29.6%, p<.001). They say that dacing is very helpful to rid stress(86.5%, p<.001). So many trainees hope sport dancing to be popularize(70.3%, p>.05). As middle-class people(55.2%, p<.001), they hope to get vitality as well(80.5%) In conclusion, more concert and systematic plans to popularize Sport Dancing must be made and there also must be a long term support to inform the public of Sport Dancing. Sport Dancing should be considered seriously for an exhibition game in the 2000 Sidney Olympics and a regular game in next Olympics. It should be introduced to educational curricula to make it the same level as the high developed country, too. It should be practiced as a social exercise at gymnasium and in-service training institute by administrational system.

순간충격시험에 의한 금정산지역 화강암의 수리적 매개변수 산출

함세영,김문수,성익환,이병대,조병욱,김광성,김성이 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 2000 環境硏究報 Vol.18 No.-

This study is aimed for estimating hydraulic parameters using the Cooper-Bredhoeft-Papadopulos, the Hvorslev, the Bouwer & Rice analyses of data obtained by the slug test, and for characterizing hydraulic properties at the test holes in relation to drill core data. The study area was divided into four subareas far which the hydraulic characteristics was considered. The relationship among hydraulic parameters obtained by the three slug test analyses was also considered. The difference of hydraulic conductivity estimates between the injection slug test and the withdrawal slug test seems to be caused by the permeable fracture distribution around the test hole and the disturbance of fine materials in the fractures induced by the pressure variation due to slug injection and withdrawal. The hydraulic conductivity estimates calculated by the Cooper-Bredhoeft-Papadopulos, the Hvorslev and the Bouwer & Rice analyses range from 10-8 to 10-5m/sec, and the average ranges from 10-7 to 10-6m/sec.