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이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1
연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.
면역방사계수법을 이용한 Thyroglobulin 측정시 항 Thyroglobulin 항체의 존재가 미치는 영향
안병철,배진호,정신영,박호용,김정국,하승우,이재태,김보완,이규보 대한내분비학회 2004 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.19 No.1
연구배경: 혈청 thyroglobulin (Tg)은 옥소전신스캔과 함께 분화갑상선암환자에서 갑상선암 재발에 대한 추적관찰에 매우 예민하고, 중요한 표지자로 임상에서 널리 이용된다. 그러나 많은 수의 분화갑상선암환자는 Tg 항체인 항 Tg 항체를 가지고 있고, 이는 방사면역검사법 (radioimmunoassay) 및 면역방사계수 검사법(immunoradiometric assay)으로 Tg 측정시 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 이에 연자들은 면역방사계수법으로 Tg를 측정할 경우, 항 Tg항체에 의하여 어떤 영향이 생길수 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 이중위치 고상법 (solid phase two-site)법을 이용하는 ELSA-hTg in vivo test (CIS international, Schering, France) 시약을 이용하여 Tg를 측정하였다. Tg과 항 Tg 항체는 검사시약에 포함된 표준용액을 사용하였으며, Tg는 두 가지 농도 (23.5 ng/mL, 62.5 ng/mL)로, 항 thyroglobulin 항체는 세 가지 농도(25U/mL, 50U/mL, 100U/mL)로 이용하였다. Tg가 높게 나타나는 환자의 혈청에 항 Tg 항체가 높게 나타나는 환자의 혈청을 혼합하여 동일한 방법으로 Tg 검사를 시행하였다. 통계학적 분석은 ANOVA와 Scheffe test 및 Quadratic regression modeling을 시행하였다. 결과: 면역방사계수법을 이용한 Tg 측정시 항 thyroglobulin 항체가 존재하는 경우 그 값이 낮게 측정되었다. Tg 농도가 23.5 ng/mL인 표준용액이 항 Tg 항체의 농도가 0, 25, 50 및 100U/mL 경우, 각각 24.5±1.1, 11.8±0.4, 7.7±0.1 및 4.5±0.4ng/mL로 측정되었으며, Tg 농도가 62.5 ng/mL인 표준용액은 각각 65.9±5.7, 36.3±2.2, 23.7±0.7, 및 14.0±1.0 ng/mL로 측정되었다(ANOVA test, p=0.000). 항 Tg 항체에 의한 Tg 측정값의 저하 정도는 항 Tg 항체의 농도에 비례하는 것으로 나타났다 (Quadratic model regression, SigT=0.000). 결론: 분화갑상선암환자에서 항 Tg 항체의 존재는 면역방사계수법을 이용한 혈청 Tg 측정으로 갑상선암 재발을 파악하는데 방해하는 인자로 작용될 수 있으며, Tg 측정시 항 Tg 항체의 측정이 꼭 필요하며, 항 Tg 항체를 가진 분화갑상선암환자에서 Tg 수치를 해석할 경우 세심한 주의가 요구된다. Background: Serum thyroglobulin (Tg) is a valuable and sensitive tool needed in the follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), but antithyroglobulin antibody (Anti-Tg), common in patients with DTC, can interfere with the assay for Tg. In this study, we evaluated the influence of Anti-Tg on the measurement of Tg using the immunoradiometric assay (IRMA). Methods: In using ELSA-hTg in vivo test (CIS international, Schering, France), a solid phase two-site IRMA was used to measure Tg (23.5 ng/mL, 62.5 ng/mL) under the absence or presence of three concentrations of Anti-Tg (25U/mL, 50U/mL, 100U/mL). We also performed Tg measurement using patients serum that was mixed with patients serum containing high Anti-Tg. ANOVA and Scheffe tests were performed to evaluate the effect of Anti-Tg on Tg IRMA, and an inverse regression was made to calculate the level of Tg from measured Tg and used Anti-Tg levels and also to assess the degree of effect of anti-Tg on Tg IRMA. Results: In measuring Tg using the standard solution, the presence of Anti-Tg resulted in a falsely suppressed Tg value. The IRMAs for 23.5ng/mL of the standard Tg solution resulted in 24.5±1.1 ng/mL under no Anti-Tg, 11.8±0.4 ng/mL under 25U/mL of Anti-Tg, 7.7±0.1 ng/mL under 50U/mL of Anti-Tg, and 4.5±0.4 ng/mL under 100U/mL of Anti-Tg. IRMAs 62.5 ng/mL of the standard Tg solution resulted in 65.9±5.7 ng/mL under no Anti-Tg, 36.3±2.2 ng/mL under 25U/mL of Anti-Tg, 23.7±0.7 ng/mL under 50U/mL of Anti-Tg, and 14.0±1.0 ng/mL under 100U/mL of Anti-Tg. (ANOVA test, p=0.000). The degree of suppression of the measured Tg value was positively correlated with the Anti-Tg level (Quadratic model regression, Sig T=0.000). The presence of Anti-Tg also resulted in a falsely suppressed Tg value for the Tg measurement using patient's serum. 2004). Conclusion: The presence of Anti-Tg could consist of the use of Tg as a tumor, therefore Anti-Tg should be measured in all patients diagnosed with DTC. The interpretation of the Tg level must be performed with extreme caution in patients with Anti-Tg (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 19:42∼47, 2004)
참깨에서 추출한 Sesamin 섭취가 혈청 지질 농도에 미치는 영향
윤명호,신준한,김한수,탁승제,최병일 아주대학교 1997 아주의학 Vol.2 No.2
Objectives : High serum cholesterol is one of the major risk factors of coronary artery disease. We investigated the lipid-towering property and the side effects of sesamin, an unsaturated fatty add extracted from sesame oil, for the primary prevention of coronary artery disease. Methods : The 37 patients (20 mates and 17 females) with hyperlipidemia, ages ranging from 22 years to 70 years old (48±12), who did not have atherosderotic diseases except essential hypertension were given three capsules of sesamin once daily for 6 weeks. The lipid profile of the patients were examined before and after sesamin treatment, and the patients were grouped according to the presence or abscence of hypertension, smoking habit and obesity. Result : Compared with pretreatment, the total cholesterol level of sesamin treated group decreased significantly (254.2±29.6 versus 241.6 34.0 ㎎/dl, p< 0.05). The level of LDL-cholesterol (162.6±24.3 versus 156.6±32.8 ㎎/dl)HDL- cholesterol (47.5±10.0 versus 47.0±8.7 ㎎/dl) and triglyceride (196.5±95.4 versus 179.3±96.7 ㎎/dl) and the ratio of LDL/HDL- cholesterol (3.6±0.9 versus 3.4±0.9) were not significantly different. The effect of cholesterol lowering property of sesamin was predominant in hypertensive, non- smoking and obese group (P< 0.05 vs pretreatment). The laboratory tests including complete blood cell counts, serum transaminases, total protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and blood glucose did not change significantly. Conclusion : The lipid lowering effect of sesamin was statistically significant on the total cholesterol particularly with obese, non-smoking and hypertensive patients. There was no significant side effect during sesamin administration. Therefore, three capsules of sesamin as a single daily dose were effective in lowering total cholesterol and safe to administer in patients with hyperlipidemia.
姜仁浩,金柄斗 진주여자전문대학 1985 論文集 Vol.7 No.-
Trade unions exist in all parts of the world. But what a union is and what is does varies greatly from country to country. Collective bargaining in the European counries sense is largely different the united states, west germany, England, and Japan. Even within this range of countries, there are marked differences in union strength and bangaining procedures. In most countries of the "Third world" unions are weakly organized and highly political. It will be instructive to look briefly at these inter country differences. The Europe industria1 relation system, like any other national system, has been shaped by a specific politicoeconomic matrix, In this study, we shall understand them better by looking at them in world perspective. The solution to the problem of establishing and maintaining equitable relationships among management, employees, and the union involves large elements of subjectivity. In this field there is no exact science, the answer to the problem, as expressed in our national policy, is that of collective bargaining. But my country need more mutual help and protection among management, unions, instead of competitive methods throughout the long period and whole aspect. In order to achieve the cooperative relations in this country, much attention should be given to the study of the system best fit for our country's social characteristics and to the provision of such conditions.
요양소에 수용중인 정신장애자의 입소전 치료방법에 관한 연구
신병호,윤진상,이충경,이형영 大韓神經精神醫學會 1988 신경정신의학 Vol.27 No.5
In Korea, a large number of the mentally ill are still institutionalized in asylums where they can not receive modern psychiatric treatments. This survey was designed to investigate previous treatment methods of these psychiatric patients and to offer basic data in order to develop modern psychiatric delivery system for patients institutionalized in asylums. The 694 subjects who could give cooperative informations wee selrected form 6 asylums which are located in the Kwang-ju and Chonnam area. The data on this survey was collected by investigator's interview from Mar. 30, 1987 to Apr. 10, 1987. The previous treatment methods were divided into 8 groups(modern psychiatric treatment, asylym, Korean shamanic rite, religious healing, herb medicine, drug store, others and no treatment) and multiple responses were allowed. The methods were studied relating to the following psychiatric and sociodemographic factors : psychiatric diagnosis, age at the time of institutionalization, morbid duration before institutionalization, sex, occupation, residence, religion, economic status, marital status, educational level, and guardian. 49% of the patients had no experienced any previous treatment for their mental illness. 35% of the patients had been given modern psychiatric treatment and 23% had been previously institutionalized in asylums. The other treatment methods were reported in less than 10% of the patients. There were significant relationships between the choice of treatment methods and the psychiatric and sociodemographic factors.
이봉호,문윤호,정병춘,김관수,류수노 한국국제농업개발학회 2002 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.14 No.2
기능성식품 원료, 채소, 식물성 소금 재료 및 제염식물 등으로 개발이 유망시되는 염생식물인 나문재의 육지부 재배 가능성을 조사하고, 내륙지방에서의 작물화 가능성을 검토코자 전남 서해안의 염전 부근에 자생하는 나문재의 종자와 식물체를 공시하여 내륙지방인 전남 무안군 소재의 『목포시험장』포장에서 시험하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 가. 나문재는 식물체를 이식하여도 생육이 양호할 뿐만 아니라 2년 묵은 종 자에서도 발아가 잘되었으며 발아소요 기간은 9일 정도 였고, 나문재의 생육은 소금기가 부족한 내륙에서도 비교적 양호하였으며, 병충해나 기타 재해도 거의 없어 내륙에서의 재배화 가능성이 높은 것으로 인정되었다. 나. 나문재의 생육에 미치는 소금물의 공급 효과를 검토하기 위해 1주일 간격으로 바닷물 농도의 소금물을 공급한 결과, 초장은 소금물을 공급한 것이 공급하지 않은 것 보다 양호하였으나 줄기의 굵기와 분지발생 수 는 소금물 공급효과가 크지 않았다. 다. 나문재의 생체중과 건물중은 종자파종의 경우 7월 10일 현재 소금물 처리구는 각각 주당 33.75g, 2.62g인데 비해 무처리구는 각각 23.52g, 1.84g으로서 소금물 처리구가 무겁고, 생체중에 대한 건물중의 비율은 대체로 7.14∼11.58% 범위로서 수분함량은 92.86∼88.42%정도 되는 다육식물 이었다. 라. 결론적으로 나문재는 소금기가 많은 곳에서 잘 생육할 뿐만 아니라 소금 기가 적은 곳에서도 생육이 비교적 양호하며, 식물전체에 짠맛을 가지고 있으므로 식물성 소금, 기능성 식품, 채소, 그리고 간척지나 음식물쓰레기의 염분제거 식물로서의 이용 가능성 등에 대한 보다 면밀한 검토가 필요하다고 보여진다. The plant of halophyte, Suaeda asparagoides MIQ, which is mainly inhabit on tidal flat was investigated on their growth characteristics and cultural traits on inland condition, in order to get some informations on it's possible use for functional food, vegetables, medicinal herb, and salt removing plant from tideland, or food-waste. The plant, Suaeda asparagoides M_IQ., is well grown on inland condition. But the salt applicated plants were better than those of the non-treated plants in its vegetable growth. The plant height is about 78.5cm in salt application, compared to the 64.5cm in non-treated plot. But the stem diameter and the number of branches are not better in salt application compared to the non-treated ones. However, the fresh weight and dry weight of the plant in salt-application are better than those of the non-treated ones, which means the total biomass is more productive by the salt application. As a conclusion, the plant Suaeda asparagoides M_IQ, seems to be an available plant and need to more discussion for possible use mentioned in the above sectors, from the results of inland cultivation of which well grown and characteristics.
김병호,금경호,서양곤 경상대학교 환경보전연구소 2001 環境保全硏究所報 Vol.9 No.-
Ozone was first used to disinfect water supplies in France in the early 1900s. Its use increased and eventually spread into several Western European countries. Today nearly 1,000 ozone disinfection installations exist (primarily in Europe), almost entirely for treating water supplies. A common use for ozone at these installations is to control taste-producing, odor-producing and color-producing agents. Ozone can also be used in wastewater treatment for odor control and in advanced wastewater treatment for the removal of soluble refractory organics, in lieu of the carbon-adsorption process. Ozone is also very effective virucide and is generally believed to be more effective than chlorine. Ozonation does not produce dissolved solids and is not affected by the ammonium ion or pH influent to the process. For these reasons, ozonation is considered a alternative to either chlorination of hypochlorination, especially where dechlorination may be required.
동종 골수이식 후 만성 이식편대숙주질환과 동반된 그레이브스병
황호인,이제중,조상희,김여경,이병환,정익주,김형준 대한조혈모세포이식학회 2002 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.7 No.1
저자들은 중증 재생불량성빈혈로 동종 골수이식 및 추가적인 동종 말초혈액 조혈모세포이식을 시행 받은 후 만성 이식편대숙주질환이 발생하여 면역억제제로 조절되었으나 자가면역성 갑상선기능항진증이 병발한 1예를 경험하였기에 이를 보고하는 바이다. Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), which is a frequent complication following bone marrow transplantation (BMT), is characterized by fibrosis of the skin, liver, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract, immunodeficiency, and the production of autoantibodies. Endocrine dysfunction, in particular thyroid disease, has been described following BMT, but this has previously meant hypothyroidism secondary to total body irradiation or transfer of autoimmune hyperthyroidism from a donor with Graves’ disease rather than in association with chronic GVHD. We report a case of a 26-year-old man who developed Graves’ disease eight years after BMT and who had remission of chronic GVHD. He received an allogeneic BMT for severe aplastic anemia. Eighteen months after BMT, diarrhea and chronic GVHD developed and were treated with cyclosporine and steroid. Four years after ceasing the cyclosporine, the patient developed weight loss, palpitations, fever, and anterior neck swelling, and was diagnosed with Graves’ disease based on typical thyroid function tests. The signs and symptoms in the patient improved with propylthiouracil and propranolol.