Effect of Protein Source and Energy Substrates on the In Vitro Development of Bovine Embryos in a Two-step Culture System

Byeong-chunLee,Kwang-teakLim,Sung-keunKang,Woo-sukHwang 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.1

In this study,we examined the effects of a two-stepculture system, which involves the use of differentculture media for early cleavage and later stageembryos, on the in vitro development of bovineembryos. We also investigated the effect of glucose,phosphate and citrate on the in vitro early develop-mental period of bovine embryos in a two-stepculture system. Moreover, the supplementation ofdifferent protein sources (BSA-V, BSA-FAF and FBS)during IVC did not affect the frequency of blastocystdevelopment. Using two-step culture, embryos werecultured in protein-free media for an initial 5 days.This was then followed by the same culture media oran FBS supplemented media. The developmentalrates of blastocysts in the FBS containing group weresignificantly higher than in the replaced with noserum containing group. Embryos cultured in mSOFsupplemented with 1.5 mM glucose plus 1.2 mMphosphate were significantly inhibited.The inhibitionof developmental competence by glucose plus phos-phate was consistent with the existence of 0.5 mMsodium citrate. This study indicates that a two-stepculture system,which applies different conditions forearly cleavage embryos, i.e., serum-free media, vs.later stage embryos, with serum containing media,may be effective for in vitro production systems. Inaddition, the developmental competence of bovineembryos was depressed in the presence of glucoseplus phosphate as compared to either alone or theabsence of both. Therefore, the avoidance of thisnegative effect should allow more optimal conditionsto be developed for in vitro production.*Corresponding author: Byeong-chun Lee

Characterization of the European type of maternal lineage evident in extant Jeju native pigs

Byeong‐Woo Kim,In‐Cheol Cho,Moon‐Sung Park,Tao Zhong,임현태,Sung‐Soo Lee,Hee‐Bok Park,Moon‐Suck Ko,Jun‐Heon Lee,Jin‐Tae Jeon 한국유전학회 2011 Genes & Genomics Vol.33 No.2

Using a partial D‐loop sequence of mtDNA, an intensive analysis was conducted of the maternal lineages of Jeju native pigs (JNPs) from Korea. In total, 100 mtDNA sequences were obtained from Asian wild boars (AWBs), European wild boars (EWBs), Asian domestic pigs (ADPs), European domestic pigs (EDPs), and JNPs and were used for phylogeny and network analyses. Two distinct JNP groups - one (JNPA) in the Asian cluster and the other (JNPE) in the European cluster - were identified in the estimated phylogenetic tree and network. The maternal lineage of JNPE was the closest to that of EWB and a clear haplogroup was identified that shared an identical haplotype (hap04) among 15 individuals of JNPE and 2 individuals of EWB. A Landrace and an EWB shared hap03with a JNPE. EWB, Landrace, Large White, and Duroc formed two clear haplogroups with JNPE in a parsimonious medianjoining network analysis, suggesting that an obvious maternal contribution of EDP has occurred in JNPE in recent years. A pair‐wise mismatch analysis also indicated that JNPE may have experienced a sudden population expansion, suggesting a more recent establishment compared with the gradual population expansion of JNPA. The JNPE group therefore should be further evaluated in order to decide whether this group should be culled or accepted into further programs for maintenance of the JNP population as a pure breed.

효모시스템에서 Human Transglutaminase C(TGase 2)의 발현에 관한 연구 : C-말단부위의 결손효과 An Effect of a Domain from Carboxyl Terminal Deletion of the Enzyme

우상규,정선미,이상기,안병윤,김희철 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Transglutaminase(TGase Ⅱ)는 펩타이드-결합 글루타민 잔기와 펩타이드-결합 라이신잔기 및 1차 아민류를 포함하는 다양한 화합물과의 교차결합에 의하여 단백질의 변형을 촉매하는 효소이다. 동물세포에는 구별가능한 5종류의 TGase가 존재한다[TGase Ⅰ(또는 K), Ⅱ(C), Ⅲ(E), Ⅳ(P)와 혈장단백 ⅩⅢa]. 그들은 아미노산 서열에서 N-말단에 약 70%의 상동성을 갖고 있으며, C-말단의 경우에는 거의 상동성이 부위(N-말단 2/3)와 비상동성 부위(C-말단 1/3 부위)의 역할을 알아보기 위해 전체효소 또는 C-말단이 결손된 형태의 효소를 Saccharmoyces cerevisiae에서 발현 하고자 하였다. Southern blot, 역전사 중합 연쇄 반응, Western blot등을 통해 전체효소 및 C-말단 결손형 효소가 형질전환된 효모에서 발현되는 것을 확인하였다. Succinylated casein에 [1,4-^14C]-putrescine이 통합되는 반응을 이용한 활성 측정에서 C-말단이 결손된 TGase Ⅱ는 같은 세포 농도에서 전체 TGase Ⅱ 효소와 비교하여 유사한 수준의 활성을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과들은 사람 TGase Ⅱ의 경우 N-말단의 높은 상동성부위가 효소의 역가결정에 중요하다는 것을 나타내 준다. 효모시스템에서 발현한 결과 효소의 역가가 나타났으나 높지 않았으며 발현된 양이 극히 낮아서 단백질의 정제나 특성연구를 위하여 발현벡터의 개량을 포함한 방법의 개선이 필요하다고 사료된다. 흥미롭게도 TGase Ⅱ의 발현이 효모의 성장을 저해하는 것으로 나타나 이러한 현상이 표피세포의 각질화에 수반된 세포의 죽음과 유관한지의 가능성에 대한 보다 자세한 연구가 필요하다. In an effort to understand the role of the conserved domain and of the heterologous one-third part of the carboxy terminal domain of transglutaminase C (TGase Ⅱ), attempts were made to express TGase Ⅱ cDNA of human origin in yeast Saccharmoyces cerevisiae as in a full-length form as well as in a form of C-terminal truncation. The 2μ-based expression plasmids which contained the TGase Ⅱ cDNA under the gal inducible promoter were introduced into yeast and the maintenance of the full-length and truncated form of the TGase Ⅱ gene plasmids were confirmed by Southern blot. The expression of e results indicate that the N-terminal homologous domain of human TGase Ⅱ retains a catalvtically active domain. The level of TGase Ⅱ expressed in yeast, however, was far lower than satisfactory and other expression system should be sought further characterization of the enzyme. The negative effect of TGase Ⅱ on the growth of yeast is interesting with respect to the physiological effect of TGase Ⅱ in the cornification f epidermal keratinocytes.

유성견의 소구치 압하시 초기 치아 및 치주 조직의 조직학적 변화와 재생에 관한 연구

안병교,차경석,이진우 대한치과교정학회 1998 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.28 No.2

치아에 압하력을 elastic chain을 이용하여 지속적으로 교정력을 평균 9개월된 유 성견의 소구치에 가한 직후 치아와 그 주위 조직에서 일어나는 조직학적인 변화와 압하력을 제거한 후 일정기간이 지난 후 변화되었던 조직의 회복양상을 고찰하고, 이를 토대로 교정치료를 위한 생물학적인 근간을 마련하기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였으며, Hematoxylin & Eosin 및 Masson's Trichrome염색법을 이용하여 치아와 주위조직의 반응을 치경부, 치근 중앙부, 치근단부로 나누어 광학 현미경하에서 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 대조군의 HE 소견에서 치주인대는 치근단부에서 치근경부까지 비교적 균일한 두께를 나타냈고, 치주인대의 주행방향은 치근경부에 수평 또는 약간 경사져 있었으며, 치근 중앙부와 치근단부에서는 사선으로 주행하였다. 2. 대조군의 MT 소견에서 치경부에서는 조골세포 및 파골세포가 나타났으며 치경부, 치근 중앙부 그리고 치근단부에 약한 골흡수와 신생골 침착이 보였다. 3. 실험1군에서는 치근단부에서 뚜렷한 파골세포의 증가와 혈관 충혈이 보였으며, 신생골 형성과 불규칙한 반전선들이 나타나 골흡후하는 양상을 보였다. 치주인대는 치경부에서 치근단에 이르기까지 뚜렷한 증가를 보였으며 치근단부에서 더 심하였다. 4. 실험 2군에서는 대조군에 비해 조골세포가 치근단부에서 혈관 충혈과 함께 여전히 관찰되었다. 치주인대 폭경은 치근단부에서 대조근에 비해서는 증가되었고 1군에 비해서는 감소된 양상을 보였다. 치주인대 주행방향은 1군과 같았고 단지 치근단부에서 혼합된 양상으로 관찰되었다. 이상과 같은 소견으로 보아 유성견 하악 소구치 압하시 초기 조직변화에서 압박을 받는 치근단부에서 파골세포의 뚜렷한 증가, 출혈상 및 간격확장, 그리고 골흡수와 백악질 흡수가 현저히 나타났으며, 치주인대 주행방향도 다양하였다. 또한 압하력을 제가한 후에 변형되었던 치아와 치아 주위조직들이 완전한 회복 양상을 보이지는 않았다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the initial tissue change, to repair on the teeth & surrounding tissue under the intrusive orthodontic forces by use of elastic chain, through the microscopic findings. For this study, three young adult mongrel dogs were used, and were divied into three group; the control group was delivered only casting crown, and the experimental group 1 was equipped with energy chain during 1 week, and experimental 2 group was delivered using energy chain during 1 week, and 3 weeks observation. All experimental groups and control groups were sacrificed to make the samples for microscopic findings on premolar teeth. All samples were examed and compared the histologic changes through the microscopic with H-E stain. The obtained results were as follows. 1. In hematoxylin-eosin stain of the control group, the periodontal ligament was constant width from apical third to cervical third of the root, and the periodontal fiber arrangement was horizontal or oblique in cervical third, oblique in middle and apical third of the root. 2. In Masson Trichrome stain of the control group, osteoblast and osteoclast appeared in cervical third of root, and bone resorption and new bone formation was observed in middle and apical third of the root. 3. In experimental 1, osteoclasts were increased highly, and hyperemia of blood vessels and new bone formation and bone resorption by reversal line in apical third of the root were seen. PDL width was increased apprarently from crest to apex of the root and more in apical third. 4. In experimental 2, osteoclasts and hyperemia of blood vessels were more increased than control material in apical third of the root. PDL width was increased more than control group in root apex, and was seen less than experimental 1. PDL arrangement was similar to experimental 1 and was mixed only in root apex. Therefore, in premolar intrusion of the young adult dog, there were increased osteoclast, hyperemia and dilation of blood vessel, resorption of alveolar bone and cementum, and different arrangement of PDL in initial tissue change. There was not observed complete repair after remove intrusive force.

訓民正音硏究 : 制字解 中心으로

丁炳瑀 圓光大學校 文理科大學 國語國文學科 1981 國語 國文學 硏究 Vol.7 No.-

This thesis is a study on the formulative and organizational principles of Hunminjeongeum derived from the Jaejahae. Informulating the writing system of Hunminjeongeum, the Chinese phonology, the interacting principles of Yin and Yang, the thought of Iching exerted absolute influence. Yet those principles and thought were not blindly applied, but they were creatively assimilated, producing unique originality. Charateristics of Hunminjeongeum can be cited as follows: 1. As written expression of spoken sounds, Hunminjeongeum is a scientific amalgamation of human speech organs and the great law of the cosmos; 2. Segments of human speech sounds were based on ternary system, being divided into the initial, middle, final sounds; 3. Letters formulated as practical symbols of human speech sounds are facile to learn and comparatively few in number, thus taking on universality and perpetuality. Upon these facts derived, Hunminjeongeum is duely regarded as the most brilliant aod supreme product of human intelligence in the history of human writing.

우리나라의 炭鑛災害分析과 그 改善方案에 關한 硏究

庾炳祐 亞洲大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

Although steady technological progress has taken place for several years toward making coal mining a less hazardous occupation impetus was given to safety and health programs in Korea by passage of the coal mine safety act of 1970. The act embraces not only promulgation and enforcement of regulations, but technical support, worker education and training, and a broad-based research program as well. The act has been described as the most extensive and comprehensive coal mine safety program ever to be undertaken to promote the welfare of each individual coal mine industrial worker. Generally speaking, the allocation of the government funds to this program has reflected the much more severe problems of underground mining as contrasted with those of surface operations. The objectives of this research essentially have provided necessary policy information data for the establishment of the comprehensive coal mine accidental prevention plan by surveying and analysing the patterns, characteristics and tendency of the accidental factors, the accidental costs, coal miner's safety consciousness, and the general management of the coal mine industries, etc. The major contents of the research have included the followings; ● Survey the 96-coal mines (90% of the total domestic coal production) with the pre-designed coal mine survey form, and identify the problems based upon the accidental patterns and tendency, the accidental factors, and the accident costs, etc. in the domestic coal mine industries. ● All accidents reported to the MOER for the years 1965 through 1981 were analysed to determine the general trend which accidental causes had the highest number of deaths and injuries associated with them. ● Analysis the foreign coal mine accidental patterns, severity rate and frequency rate, mine laws and regulations, in order to compare with those of ours. ● Perform the pilot survey and analysis the structure of the coal miner's safety consciousness. ● Apply factor-analysis to investigate the space structure of the coal mine accidental factors. ● Develop the coal mine accident cost model based upon the multiple linear regression method. Based upon the results of this study, we have recommended the following fundamental policy directions to prevent the domestic coal mining accidents; ● Develop a new coal mine accident form for the accurate coal mine accidental pattern analysis, and establish the data basis for the coal mining accidental prevention plan. ● Promote the level of coal miner's safety consciousness by efficient safety education programs, reduce the accidental costs as a part of mine accident reduction plan. ● Increased the direct and indirect investment costs for the safety equipments and facilities, conversion of the old equipments, the new coal mining machinery and safety education programs etc. ● Improve and revise the coal mine regulatories and standards related to safety control for both miners and other employees. ● Provide the actual insurance for mine workers and reduce simultaneously, each mine industies, debts by investigating and modifying the problems related to the mining laws and regulatory.

유도전동기의 자속 및 토크 기울기에 의한 DTC에 관한 연구

임병옥,임홍우,정병호,이강연,백형래,조금배 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 2003 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.25 No.1

사이벡스를 이용한 보강트레이닝 처방 : 근력, 파워, 근 지구력을 중심으로

金秉洙,金義煥,李康雨 龍仁大學校 1992 용인대학교 논문집 Vol.8 No.-

The Purpose of this study was to investigate the prescription of isokinetic strength, muscular power and endurance developed by isokinetic training.Subject was one Korea eleite athlete for male. Isokinetic strength was defined as the maximun peak torque achieved through a range of motion at 240˚/sec and muscular endurance was defind to be the work output perforned by 50 repetitions at 240˚/sec on the lumex Cybex-II. Subject performed in 50 sec.8 repetitions at 60˚/sec., 3 sets 10 repetitions at 240˚/sec.in 3 day week for 8 weeks. The findings of the present case study were as follows. 1) The percent ratio(%) increments of isokinetic strength for right(R.) and left(L.) knee was 9% than pre -test. 2) The percent ratio(%) increments of isokinetic muscular power for knee flexor was 7% than pre -test 3) The percent ratio(%) increments of isokinetic muscular endurance for L.knee extensor, L.knee flexor, R.knee extensor, and R.knee flexors were 11%, 18%, 16% and 22% than pre -test respectively. Within the scope of this study, the finding have suggested the following conclusions ; First, to check injury factors should be useing scientific instrument Cybex-II system. Second, to improve strength, power and muscular endurance should be useing isokinetic training be Cybex - II system.

鋪裝道路(Asphalt) 沿邊의 公害 物質이 蠶作에 미치는 影響 : (Ⅱ) 公害 物質이 繭層比率에 미치는 影響 (Ⅱ) The effect of air pollution on CoCoon layer ratio

文炳圓,金鎭雨,崔周鎬 진주산업대학교 1983 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

1) 鋪裝 沿邊의 公害物質이 견층비율에 큰 영향을 나타난다. 2) 春蠶, 秋蠶 晩秋蠶 飼育에 대한 公害의 影響은 매우 차가 심하여 견층 비율은 각 계절간에 다양하게 나타났다. 3) 桑園 肥培管理를 철저히하여 누에 生理에 유의하여 公害를 다소나마 防止해야겠다. 4) 綜合的인 公害 방지책을 硏究해야겠다. This study was Carried out to investigate the effect of airpollution substance on raising silkworms and the way reducing the damoge of a public nuisance. The result obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Imjury of air pollution substanel at the areaa asphalt road was increased more than Cocoon layer ratio of a hilly country. 2. As the effect of public hagard about the raising silkworms in the spring, fall and late­fall showed very difference, Cocoon lager ratio was varietal to the treatment of season all. 3. I think that we must reduce the damage of air pallution as think over the silkworm physiology.

STS 316의 크리프 파단 거동에 미치는 장시간 시효의 영향

임지우,임병수 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1999 論文集 Vol.50 No.1

Although type 316 stainless steel is widely used in reactors of petrochemical plants and pipes of steam power plants, the effect of precipitates which form during the long term exposure at service temperature, on creep properties is not known sufficiently. In this study, to investigate the influence of prior aging on the microstructure and creep properties, the 316 stainless steel was first solutionized at 1130℃ for 20 minutes and then the aged specimens for different time of 0hr, 100hrs, 1000hrs and 2200hrs were prepared at 750℃. After heat treatments, the tensile tests both at room temperature and 650℃, the constant load creep rupture tests were carried out. From the experimental results, following conclusions were obtained. (1) The rupture life of 100 hour aged specimens was found to be the shortest. It is resulted from the highest minimum creep rate. And the 0hr aged specimens showed the longest rupture life, followed by 1000hr aged and 2200hr aged specimens. (2) The value of the creep stress exponent, n, decreased as the aging time increased. The n values for the 0hr, 100hr, 1000hr, 2200hr aged specimens were to be measured 13.5, 5.7, 4.4 and 2.9. (3) The creep activation energy varied with the aging time. The activation energies for 0hr, 100hr, 1000hr and 2200hr aged specimens were calculated to be 679.1, 421.6, 527.5 and 517.2 kJ/mol.