페놀 컴포지트 실용화의 길 - 영국의 경우 (CASE STUDY 2)

( Kanemasa Nomaguchi ),( Ken L. Forsdyke ),( Denver E. Brown ) 한국복합재료학회 2004 Composites research Vol.17 No.2

철도차량의 객실 자체는 많은 부분이 예전엔 목재 등으로 만들어져 있다고 기억하는 사람이 많다. 목재는 가벼우며 단열성과 흡습성이 있어서 사람이 만졌을 때, 온기가 있어서 좋은 느낌을 준다. 또 재료가 가공하기가 쉬운 점도 장점이다. 목재를 사용할 때는 목수 작업으로 했기 때문에, 철도 차량 부재의 용어에도 「키세」(키세루=입히다=cover) 등의 단어가 남아있다. 일본에서도 전쟁 전 그리고 전쟁 시에도 목재 차량이 사용 되었지만, 전쟁 후 「사쿠라 키죠 사건」 등, 큰 차량 화재로 많은 인명을 잃었던 적이 있었기 때문에 불연화의 노력에 힘쓰고 있다. 그러나, 1971년 10월 6일, 山陽本線에서 급행열차 「雲仙3號」의 10호차 세면장 부근에서 화재가 발생하여 10호 차량 전소, 11호 차량 일부가 소실되고 인명사고도 있었다. 그 때문에 현재의 「A·A 기준」이 실시되고, 지금까지 오랫동안 이 방법에 따르고 있다. 영국에서는 옛날에 「A·A 기준」과 비슷한 방법이 있었지만, 이미 앞의 보고서에서처럼 「다운톤 침대열차사고」 「런던 지하철사고」를 거치며, 특히 철도차량에 대해서는 BS6853의 적용이 시작됐다. 그러나 이것을 지키기 위해서는 많은 문제가 있었다. 이 문제에 관하여 지금도 국가적 프로젝트로 노력을 하고 있지만, 당시 그 중심에 있었던 두 사람, Forsdyke 씨와 Brown 씨가 지난 날을 회상하면서 다음과 같이 말하고 있다. 이번 호에서는 철도차량 설계 부문의 재료 선정 책임자였던 Brown 씨의 기록을 중심으로 소개한다. 이 분야의 관계자 여러분에게 참고로 된다면 좋겠다. ``Phenolic composite, one of safety composites was chosen to build rolling stock in England while it was applied to building materials in London Underground facilities. This paper was written by Mr. Denver E. Brown. He emphasizes, from visibility and toxicity points of view, phenolic is the best and Mr. Forsdyke says, there is no question, passenger`s lives are No.1 issue, material recycling is not No.l!

PREPARING THE EXPERTS FOR EMERGENCIES

Brown,J,D 한국화재소방학회 2000 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2000 No.추계

The Importance of Rubrics in Language Assessment

( James Dean Brown ) 국제한국어교육학회 2014 국제한국어교육학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.-

I have recently written a series of articles aimed directly at helping teachers to improve assessment in their classrooms. In Brown (2009), I demonstrated how teachers can use their spreadsheet programs to record, arrange, analyze, and understand the results of their classroom assessments. In Brown (2012a), I argued that, instead of concentrating on standardized tests, teachers should focus on developing sound classroom tests, which by definition, promote language learning for their students. In Brown (2012b), I explained what teachers need to know in order to analyze and understand their test results. In Brown (2013), I edited a collection of more than one hundred assessment ideas created by teachers for teachers to use in their classrooms. In Brown (in press, 2014), I provided information to help teachers select the assessment type(s) that will best serve their teaching needs and their students’ learning needs, and still fit with their curriculum. When I was asked to give this speech, I decided to continue this trend by explaining what rubrics are, describing how they should be developed for classroom use, and providing a number of examples of actual rubrics that have been used by teachers.

미국의 아스팔트기술연구소(NCAT)의 기술동향

Brown, Brown,Prowell, Prowell,Cooley, Cooley,Zhang, Zhang,Powell, Powell Korean Society of Road Engineers 2004 도로포장공학회지 Vol.6 No.4

Beyond European Mythologies: The Fiction of Sheila Watson, Robert Kroetsch, and Michael Ondaatje

Russell Brown(Russell Brown ) 한국캐나다학회 1996 Asia-Pacific Journal of Canadian Studies (APJCS) Vol.3 No.-

Two new species of Xenolepis Diakonoff from Papua New Guinea, with the first reported larval host plants (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae)

John W. Brown,Scott E. Miller 국립중앙과학관 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.16 No.3

Two new species of Xenolepis are described and illustrated from Papua New Guinea: X. neoguineana Brown & Miller, n. sp., and X. slipihalo Brown & Miller, n. sp. All specimens examined were collected as larvae, most from Syzygium spp. (Myrtaceae), but a few from Garcinia (Clusiaceae), Ziziphus (Rhamna ceae), Amyema (Loranthaceae), and Gomphandra (Stemonuraceae), which represent the first reportedfood plants for Xenolepis. The new species bring to seven the number of described species in the genus. We also present DNA barcodes, host plants, and an illustration of the male genitalia of an undescribedspecies from New Guinea, but refrain from naming it owing to the paucity and poor quality of thespecimens. Available descriptions and illustrations indicate that Xenolepis, as presently defined, com prises two distinct species groups that are superficially disparate but possess very sim

A temperature-based approach to predicting lost data from highly seasonal pollutant data sets

Brown, Richard J. C.,Brown, Andrew S.,Kim, Ki-Hyun The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013 Environmental science Vol.15 No.6

<P>A new technique to predict concentrations of benzo[<I>a</I>]pyrene (B<I>a</I>P) in ambient air during periods of lost data has been developed and tested. This new technique is based on the relationship between ambient temperature and B<I>a</I>P concentration observed at individual monitoring stations over many years. The technique has been tested on monthly data of B<I>a</I>P concentrations in PM<SUB>10</SUB> at individual monitoring stations on the UK PAH Monitoring Network. The annual average concentration values produced with and without the use of predicted data have been compared to the actual annual averages in the absence of any data loss. The use of predicted data is a significant improvement when compared with the averages produced in the absence of any data prediction and outperforms previous prediction strategies associated with intra-year trends. Furthermore the technique is suitable for the prediction of long periods of missing data, which other prediction techniques have not been able to deal with satisfactorily.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A temperature-based approach to predicting lost data from highly seasonal pollutant data sets is presented. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c3em00131h'> </P>

Interaction of Beef Growth Type${\times}$Production System for Carcass Traits of Steers

Brown , A.H. Jr.,Camfield, P.K.,Johnson, Z.B.,Rakes, L.Y.,Pohlman, F.W.,Brown, C.J.,Sandelin, B.A.,Baublits, R.T. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.2

Steers (n=335) of known genetic backgrounds from four fundamentally different growth types were subjected to two production systems to study differences in carcass traits. Growth types were animals with genetic potential for large mature weight-late maturing, intermediate mature weight-late maturing, intermediate mature weight-early maturing and small mature weight-early maturing. Each year, in a nine-year study, calves of each growth type were weaned and five steers of each growth type were developed on pasture or feedlot and slaughtered at approximately 20 and 14 months of age, respectively. Data collected were pre-slaughter shrunk body weight (SBW); hot carcass weight (HCW); dressing percentage (DRESS); fat thickness at the $12^{th}$ and $13^{th}$ rib interface (FAT); percentage kidney, pelvic, and heart fat (KPH); longissimus muscle area (LMA); marbling score (MARB); quality grade (QG); and yield grade (YG). Year and growth type were significant for all carcass traits. The growth type${\times}$production system interaction was an important source of variation in SBW, HCW; FAT, YG and MARB. The same interaction was non-significant for DRESS, KPH, LMA and QG. Carcass differences in measures of fatness were greater in the feedlot system than in the pasture system. These data could aid producers in matching beef growth type to the production system most suitable for efficient use of resources.

Memory Effects on Adsorption Tubes for Mercury Vapor Measurement in Ambient Air: Elucidation, Quantification, and Strategies for Mitigation of Analytical Bias

Brown, Richard J. C.,Kumar, Yarshini,Brown, Andrew S.,Kim, Ki-Hyun American Chemical Society 2011 Environmental science & technology Vol.45 No.18

<P>The short- and long-term memory effects associated with measurements of mercury vapor in air using gold-coated silica adsorption tubes have been described. Data are presented to quantify these effects and to determine their dependence on certain relevant measurement parameters, such as number of heating cycles used for each analysis, age of adsorption tube, mass of mercury on adsorption tube, and the length of time between analyses. The results suggest that the long-term memory effect is due to absorption of mercury within the bulk gold in the adsorption tube, which may only be fully liberated by allowing enough time for this mercury to diffuse to the gold surface. The implications of these effects for air quality networks making these measurements routinely has been discussed, and recommendations have been made to ensure any measurement bias is minimized.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/esthag/2011/esthag.2011.45.issue-18/es201454u/production/images/medium/es-2011-01454u_0001.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/es201454u'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

삼각기둥의 Stereology 문제에 관한 이론적 고찰

Browne, J. D.,Jaffrey, D,이주완 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1984 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.22 No.9

A theoretical model has been developed to calculate the aspect ratio distribution generated by random sectioning of an equilateral triangular prism. The calculations also show the extent to which this distribution depends upon the dimensional ratio of the prism. The results suggest that it would be feasible to compare the calculated and experimentally determined aspect ratio distributions and thereby establish the dimensional ratio of the real prisms.