One-Pot Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Thermal Properties of Two Three-Dimensional Cobalt(II) Complexes

Bo Tao,Wen Lei,Feiran Cheng,Hua Xia 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.6

Two cobalt(II) compounds [Co(2,2'-bipy)(H2O)2(SO4)]n (1) and [Co2(2,2'-bipy)2(btec)(H2O)6]·2H2O (2) (2,2'- bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine, H4btec = 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid), have been simultaneously synthesized by a one-pot slow solvent evaporation reaction. Their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and further characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), IR, elemental and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The structural analysis reveals that compound 1 exhibits an infinite 1D chain structure with the octahedral Co(II) centers bridging by the tetrahedral μ2-SO4 2− ligands, while compound 2 possesses a dinuclear Co2(2,2'-bipy)2(btec)(H2O)6 unit and the two adjacent octahedral Co(II) ions are linked by the bismonodentately coordinated btec ligand. Additionally, compound 2 exhibits blue fluorescent emission in the solid state at room temperature.

Character and Control Technology of Weed in Soybean Field of Northeast China

Bo Tao 한국잡초학회 2011 한국잡초학회 별책(학술대회 초록집) Vol.31 No.2

Functional Analysis of Induced Human Ballooned Hepatocytes in a Cell Sheet-Based Three Dimensional Model

Gao Botao,Sakaguchi Katsuhisa,Ogawa Tetsuya,Kagawa Yuki,Kubo Hirotsugu,Shimizu Tatsuya 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2021 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.18 No.2

BACKGROUND: Ballooned hepatocytes (BH) are a key histological hallmark of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), yet their consequences for liver-specific functions are unknown. METHODS: In our previous study, an experimental model of human induced-BHs (iBH) has been successfully developed based on cell sheet technology. This study aimed to determine the functions of iBHs in the primary human hepatocyte/normal human dermal fibroblast (PHH/NHDF) co-culture cell sheets. Normal hepatocytes in the PHH/3T3-J2 co-culture cell sheets were set as a control, since 3T3-J2 murine embryonic fibroblasts have exhibited previously long term maintenance of PHH functions. RESULTS: It was found that, albumin secretion was not affected in iBHs, but urea synthesis as well as cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP) activities including CYP1A2 and CYP3A4, were significantly reduced in iBHs. Besides, loss of bile canaliculi was observed in iBHs. These findings are consistent with clinical studies of human NASH. In addition, PHH/NHDF cell sheets demonstrated two fold higher TGF-β1 secretion compared with PHH/3T3-J2 cell sheets. Furthermore, treatment with a TGF-β inhibitor and a semi-synthetic bile acid analogue (obeticholic acid, phase 3 trial of NASH therapy) ameliorated the histological appearance of established iBHs. CONCLUSION: In summary, this study demonstrates the priority of iBHs in recapitulating not only histology but also clinically relevant hepatic dysfunctions in human NASH and suggests TGF-β and bile acid related signal pathway may play important roles in the formation of iBHs. BACKGROUND: Ballooned hepatocytes (BH) are a key histological hallmark of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), yet their consequences for liver-specific functions are unknown. METHODS: In our previous study, an experimental model of human induced-BHs (iBH) has been successfully developed based on cell sheet technology. This study aimed to determine the functions of iBHs in the primary human hepatocyte/normal human dermal fibroblast (PHH/NHDF) co-culture cell sheets. Normal hepatocytes in the PHH/3T3-J2 co-culture cell sheets were set as a control, since 3T3-J2 murine embryonic fibroblasts have exhibited previously long term maintenance of PHH functions. RESULTS: It was found that, albumin secretion was not affected in iBHs, but urea synthesis as well as cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP) activities including CYP1A2 and CYP3A4, were significantly reduced in iBHs. Besides, loss of bile canaliculi was observed in iBHs. These findings are consistent with clinical studies of human NASH. In addition, PHH/NHDF cell sheets demonstrated two fold higher TGF-β1 secretion compared with PHH/3T3-J2 cell sheets. Furthermore, treatment with a TGF-β inhibitor and a semi-synthetic bile acid analogue (obeticholic acid, phase 3 trial of NASH therapy) ameliorated the histological appearance of established iBHs. CONCLUSION: In summary, this study demonstrates the priority of iBHs in recapitulating not only histology but also clinically relevant hepatic dysfunctions in human NASH and suggests TGF-β and bile acid related signal pathway may play important roles in the formation of iBHs.

Recent advances in controlled modification of the size and morphology of metal-organic frameworks

Liu, Botao,Vellingiri, Kowsalya,Jo, Sang-Hee,Kumar, Pawan,Ok, Yong Sik,Kim, Ki-Hyun Springer-Verlag 2018 Nano research Vol.11 No.9

A Dynamic Head Gesture Recognition Method for Real-time Intention Inference and Its Application to Visual Human-robot Interaction

Jialong Xie,Botao Zhang,Qiang Lu,Oleg Borisov 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2024 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.22 No.1

Head gesture is a natural and non-verbal communication method for human-computer and human-robot interaction, conveying attitudes and intentions. However, the existing vision-based recognition methods cannot meet the precision and robustness of interaction requirements. Due to the limited computational resources, applying most high-accuracy methods to mobile and onboard devices is challenging. Moreover, the wearable device-based approach is inconvenient and expensive. To deal with these problems, an end-to-end two-stream fusion network named TSIR3D is proposed to identify head gestures from videos for analyzing human attitudes and intentions. Inspired by Inception and ResNet architecture, the width and depth of the network are increased to capture motion features sufficiently. Meanwhile, convolutional kernels are expanded from the spatial domain to the spatiotemporal domain for temporal feature extraction. The fusion position of the two-stream channel is explored under an accuracy/complexity trade-off to a certain extent. Furthermore, a dynamic head gesture dataset named DHG and a behavior tree are designed for human-robot interaction. Experimental results show that the proposed method has advantages in real-time performance on the remote server or the onboard computer. Furthermore, its accuracy on the DHG can surpass most state-of-the-art vision-based methods and is even better than most previous approaches based on head-mounted sensors. Finally, TSIR3D is applied on Pepper Robot equipped with Jetson TX2.

Comparative Experiments to Assess the Effects of Accumulator Nitrogen Injection on Passive Core Cooling During Small Break LOCA

Li Yuquan,Hao Botao,Zhong Jia,Wang Nan 한국원자력학회 2017 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.49 No.1

The accumulator is a passive safety injection device for emergency core cooling systems. As an important safety feature for providing a high-speed injection flow to the core by compressed nitrogen gas pressure during a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA), the accumulator injects its precharged nitrogen into the system after its coolant has been emptied. Attention has been drawn to the possible negative effects caused by such a nitrogen injection in passive safety nuclear power plants. Although some experimental work on the nitrogen injection has been done, there have been no comparative tests in which the effects on the system responses and the core safety have been clearly assessed. In this study, a new thermal hydraulic integral test facilitydthe advanced core-cooling mechanism experiment (ACME)dwas designed and constructed to support the CAP1400 safety review. The ACME test facility was used to study the nitrogen injection effects on the system responses to the small break loss-of-coolant accident LOCA (SBLOCA) transient. Two comparison test groupsda 2-inch cold leg break and a double-ended direct-vessel-injection (DEDVI) line breakdwere conducted. Each group consists of a nitrogen injection test and a nitrogen isolation comparison test with the same break conditions. To assess the nitrogen injection effects, the experimental data that are representative of the system responses and the core safety were compared and analyzed. The results of the comparison show that the effects of nitrogen injection on system responses and core safety are significantly different between the 2-inch and DEDVI breaks. The mechanisms of the different effects on the transient were also investigated. The amount of nitrogen injected, along with its heat absorption, was likewise evaluated in order to assess its effect on the system depressurization process. The results of the comparison and analyses in this study are important for recognizing and understanding the potential negative effects on the passive core cooling performance caused by nitrogen injection during the SBLOCA transient.

A Substrate Fed-Batch Biphasic Catalysis Process for the Production of Natural Crosslinking Agent Genipin with Fusarium solani ACCC 36223

Zhu, Yuyao,Zhao, Botao,Huang, Xiaode,Chen, Bin,Qian, Hua The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.6

The natural crosslinking agent genipin has been applied widely in biomedicines and foods nowadays. Because of the special hemiacetal ring structure in its molecule, it can only be prepared by hydrolysis of geniposide according to biocatalysis. In this research, strategies including aqueous-organic biphasic catalysis and substrate fed-batch mode were adopted to improve the biocatalysis process of genipin. A 10 L ethyl acetate-aqueous biphasic system with geniposide fed-batch led to a satisfying genipin yield. With Fusarium solani ACCC 36223, 15.7 g/l genipin in the ethyl acetate phase was obtained, corresponding to space-time yields of 0.654 g l^-1 h^-1.

Manipulation Planning with Soft Constraints by Randomized Exploration of the Composite Configuration Space

Jiangping Wang,Shirong Liu,Botao Zhang,Changbin Yu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2021 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.19 No.3

In this paper, an efficient and probabilistic complete planning algorithm called Composite-space RRT is presented to address motion planning with soft constraints for spherical wrist manipulators. Firstly, we propose a novel configuration space termed Composite Configuration Space (“Composite Space” for short), which is composed of the joint space and the task space. Then, collision-free paths are generated in the composite space by the Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRT) algorithm. Finally, the planned paths in the composite space are mapped into the corresponding joint-space paths by a local planner. As the analytical inverse kinematics (IK) of the spherical wrist is used in the local planner, the proposed Composite-space RRT algorithm is characterized by high efficiency and no numerical iteration. Moreover, this approach can effectively improve the smoothness of the end-effector orientation path. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated on the Willow Garage’s PR2 simulation platform with two typical orientation-constrained cases.

Recent Changes in Heavy Precipitation Events in Northern Central China and Associated Atmospheric Circulation

Tingting Han,Xinyi Guo,Botao Zhou,Xin Hao 한국기상학회 2021 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.57 No.2

Northern Central China (NC China) is a seriously arid region. Precipitation variations are vital for environmental protection and socio-economical development. This study investigates the recent changes in summer heavy precipitation (HP) events over NC China and associated atmospheric circulation anomalies. Compared with the period of 1986–2002, the HP amount and frequency both significantly increase during 2003–2016, contributing to the shift to increase in total summer precipitation amount. After the early 2000s, the Northwest Pacific subtropical high becomes intensified and shifts westward and northward, leading to significant moisture convergence anomalies over NC China and divergence anomalies over Northwest Pacific. Therefore, the net moisture budget dramatically increases since the early 2000s. Further results show that the strengthened net moisture influx across the southern boundary contributes dominantly to the increased net moisture budget, especially at the lower level. Despite a relatively small magnitude, the intensified westerly current across western boundary makes a dominant contribution at middle and upper layers. Additionally, the strengthened westerly and easterly anomalies occupy northern and southern China, respectively, along with the eastward expansion of westerly jet stream region. Thus, the lower-level convergence and upper-level divergence both intensify, and further trigger enhanced ascending movement. These conditions jointly contribute to the inter-decadal change in HP events over NC China after the early 2000s.

Active Disturbance Rejection Control-based Robust Model Predictive Current Control for Induction Motor

He Hucheng,Liu Botao,Wang Qin,Tan Fuchen,Gui Haoya,Zhang Chenyang 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.6

Induction motor (IM) is widely used in numerous industrial applications. However, achieving high-performance control of IM by using conventional control algorithms is diffi cult because of the mathematical model of high-order, strong coupling, and nonlinearity. Although fi nite control set model predictive current control (FCS-MPCC) has attracted considerable attention because of its simple structure, fast dynamic response, and excellent performance, its performance is degraded substantially if a mismatch exists between model parameters and actual machine parameters. To overcome these problems, active disturbance rejection controller based MPCC (ADRC-MPCC) was proposed for improving the dynamic property and robustness of IM in this paper. The model errors on the IM caused by the load torque and parameter changes were observed and compensated using the extended state observer and nonlinear state error feedback. Two outer loops, namely the ADRC speed loop controller and ADRC fl ux loop controller were designed to improve the rejection disturbance performance of IM speed control system. Furthermore, the calculation process of MPCC of the inner loop is also simplifi ed by ADRC-MPCC. The proposed control strategy was compared and verifi ed with PI control and FCS-MPCC by using MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation and experimental results confi rmed the robustness and dynamic performance of the proposed control strategy