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Letramento e ensino de línguas adicionais: uma proposta de prática pedagógica
Letícia Soares Bortolini 한국 포르투갈-브라질 학회 2009 포르투갈-브라질 연구 Vol.6 No.2
This paper aims to suggest that literacy should be one of the objectives of second language teaching. The proposal is based on New Literacies Studies (Barton 1994; Gee 1990, 2004; Street 1984, 1985) theoretical framework. According to this perspective, literacy, or literacy practices (Street, 1984), is defined as collective practices which are socially and culturally organized (Cole & Scribner, 1981), and which have writing technology as their foundation. First, I define the concept of language use and present the concept of literacy as essential to the development of second language learners’ communicative competence and sociolinguistic proficiency. Relying on previous study (Bortolini, 2006), first I suggest steps for the preparation of didactic material that focus on language use. Next, I present a didactic lesson where the main aim is literacy in the second language. This article concludes that having literacy as a pedagogical objective promotes the language education of more than just language students, but of citizens in general. In the classroom, the study of the target language through activities that focus different social practices encourage students to participate in real contexts of language use (in his/her own society or in a foreign one) in a more autonomous and confident way.
Empréstimos lexicais no português do Brasil: análise de ocorrências em textos jornalísticos
Letícia Soares Bortolini 한국 포르투갈-브라질 학회 2010 포르투갈-브라질 연구 Vol.7 No.2
Linguists accept that no language is completely pure and free of transferred and loaned language forms. This paper aims to discuss the incorporation of new words in the current Brazilian Portuguese. A member of the Brazilian Federal Parliament, Aldo Rebelo, passed a bill which aims to protect the Portuguese language from foreign words. It states that Portuguese, and no other language, must be used in public documents and events and also in mass media, product handling and shipping. In order to debate about the pertinence of such idea, firstly, I present the approaches of four Brazilian linguists on the topic of transferred and loaned words to Brazilian Portuguese. Next, I present the occurrence of loan-words in Brazilian newspapers through the analyses of three issues of Zero Hora and two issues of Correio do Povo. The article concludes that control and punishment are certainly undesirable and negative practices when we deal with complex cultural phenomena, as is the case of linguistic contacts and exchanges in our modern societies.
GabrieladaSilvaBulla ( Gabriela Da Silva Bulla ),LetíciaSoaresBortolini ( Letícia Soares Bortolini ),GrazielaHoerbeAndrighetti ( Graziela H. Andrighetti ),MargareteSchlatter ( Margarete Schlatter ) 한국포르투갈-브라질학회 2011 포르투갈-브라질 연구 Vol.8 No.2
In this paper, we investigate how institutional identity relations and the selection of learning objects can be interactionally conceived in an additional language classroom oriented to language use as social action (Clark, 1996). Informed by Ethnomethodological Conversation Analysis and Interactional Sociolinguistics, we analyse an eight-minute sequence of interaction featuring participants engaged in the accomplishment of a Portuguese-as-an-additional-language classroom activity, namely a seminar on Brazilian music, in which each student was supposed to lecture on a different musical style. In order to co-construct learning, participants orient to various identities and understandings that are built and negotiated in the course of interaction, configuring different participant frameworks. The analyses show (1) the rearrangement of the lecturer’s speech through the construction of new concepts in interaction (emergent products), and (2) the participants’ efforts to sustain the seminar frame, through the negotiation of conflicting identities of lecturer/audience, teacher/student and Brazilian national/foreigner to Brazil. This paper evidences that, more than requiring the use of the additional language, pedagogical activities such as the one analysed are opportunities for the participants to negotiate identities and modes of participation, define relevant learning objects in the course of interaction, and locally deal with the unexpected.
Antioxidant, Mutagenic, and Antimutagenic Activity of Frozen Fruits
Patricia D.S. Spada,Gabrielle Gianna Nunes de Souza,Giovana Vera Bortolini,Joao A.P. Henriques,Mirian Salvador 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Journal of medicinal food Vol.11 No.1
Many studies have focused on the effect of fresh fruits on the risk of developing cancer and other diseases in-volved with reactive species and free radicals. The intake of frozen fruits has spread widely in the last years, but, until now,their biological activity is not completely known. In this study, 23 samples of frozen fruits were analyzed for their nutritionalcomposition, total polyphenols, total carotenoids, and vitamin C content. Antioxidant, mutagenic, and antimutagenic effectswere also evaluated. Antioxidant assays included 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH.) scavenging activity and de-termination of superoxide dismutase (SOD)- and catalase (CAT)-like activities. Mutagenic and antimutagenic evaluations wereperformed in eukaryotic cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. Most samples (74%) showed antioxidant activity similar tovitamin C in the DPPH.assay, and this activity was positively correlated (r. 0.366; P. .01) with carotenoid contents. Allsamples showed CAT-like activity. SOD-like activity was detected in 56% of samples assayed. Only four fruits (acai, cashewapple, kiwi fruit, and strawberry) showed mutagenic activity when tested in high (5%, 10%, and 15% [wt/vol]) concentra-tions. Twelve samples presented antimutagenic effects against hydrogen peroxide, and this effect was positively correlatedwith CAT-like activity (r. 0.400; P. .01). Evaluation of polyphenols, carotenoids, and ascorbic acid showed considerablelevels of these compounds in frozen fruits, even after freezing. These data suggest that frozen fruits contribute to the pre-vention of biological damages.
Patricia D.S. Spada,Caroline Dani,Giovana V. Bortolini,Claudia Funchal,João A.P. Henriques,Mirian Salvador 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.5
Oxidative stress is implicated in several human illnesses, including neurological disorders such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Acai is largely consumed in Brazil and contains high levels of antioxidant compounds. This work aims to study the antioxidant activity of acai frozen fruit pulp in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum of rats treated with the oxidizing agent hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Pretreatment of tissue with acai decreased H2O2-induced damage of both lipids and proteins in all tissues tested. This fruit was also able to reduce the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase to basal levels. We observed a negative correlation between the polyphenol content of acai and the levels of lipid (r=−0.689; P≤.05) and protein damage (r=−0.569; P≤.05), suggesting the participation of polyphenols in the observed antioxidant activity. These data suggest that acai has a positive contribution in the development of age-related neurodegenerative diseases.