컴퓨터 법에 있어서의 책임에 관한 연구

鄭鎭世,鄭在晃,方碩皓,河泰勳,李成德,崔鳳哲 홍익대학교 1995 弘大論叢 Vol.27 No.-

This paper, coauthored by Chin-Se Chung, as well as other 5 faculty members at Hong-Ik University Department of Law (Jea-Hwang Jeong, Suk-Ho Bang, Tae-Hoon Ha, Seong-Deog Yi and Bong-Chul Choi), deals with liability issuses surrounding constitutional law, administrative law, civil law (contracts, torts), commercial law, criminal law, international law and philosophy & law. Professor of Law Jea-Hwang Jeong makes a comparative analysis of privacy protection and disclosure of information legal issues, appeared at current Korean law and draft of law in case of the latter one. He suggestes some desirable ways of legislation through revision process and operation of legal rules at his paper. Professor of Law Suk-Ho Bang makes a brief survey of civil liability issues arising out of contracts and torts in English and American law, first. He tries to show that many Parts of arguments in such legal world are attributed to Statute of Frauds tradition, unique to such legal world. New developments in the area of torts, including computer malpractice and computer virus, are shown and analysed in terms of application possibility under our current law. But, as even the Anglo-American courts are found very reluctant to accept those arguments as new grounds for torts liability, it seems more plausible and practicable to refer to contractual approach, basically, rather than to torts approach even under English American law. Professor of Law Chin-Se Chung suggests in his paper on EFT that the allocation of liability under EFT be made under the new and most relevant principle, working for useful transmission way of fund, not solely under traditional legal principles. If such new principle works with high return of risk to users, it makes imminent problems against the goats of consumer protection, and eventually will be hardly refered to. Conversely, if it requires too much sacrifice from the side of banks, then the convenience in such system will not be utilized. So, it may be natural that EFT be discarded even without proper functioning under market system. In conclusion, Professor Chung points out that, only when banks fond that the economy out of cost-saving at tasks outweighs the risk undertaken by the banks, the banks will operate the system. But, if this system makes more return of benefits to the banks with the burden of users, it is against the idea of equity. Consequently, the banks should bear the aggeviated risks in return for the cost saved under this system Professor of Law Tae-Hoon Ha focuses his research paper on criminal liability under EFT. He draws his conclusion out of current criminal statutes that illegal fund transfer under automatic teller machines, cash cards and information system can not be penalized due to lack of proper statutory provision. So, the criminal provision on computer crime, newly made on December of 1995, can be positively appreciated. But, he anticipates that the question whether such new provision will be successful in regulating all illegal activites at fund transfor system without any operation defects in criminal code, or will cause new problem in interpretation of criminal code remains unsolved. Professor of Law Seong-Deog Yi examines the international legal issues which may be given rise to by direct satellite broadcasting. In his paper, the issue of national jurisdiction in relation to direct satellite broadcasting is firstly dealt with. Secondly, the possible ways in which direct satellite broadcasting is regulated by international law are examined with special emphasis of two different approaches, that is, freedom of information approach and state sovereignty approach. In this context, many international conventions concerning direct satellite broadcasting in Particular, and international regulatory regime of outer space in general are broadly reviewed. Thirdly, the types of activities which may be a violation of international legal regime of direct satellite broadcasting are suggested and the possible lethal remedies for these violations are proposed with the traditional international state responsibility law in mind. Professor of Law Bong-Chul Choi explores the relations of computerized society to its laws throughout his paper as a kind of conclusion of this whole paper. Computerized society is one that the technical, scientific, informational knowledge prevails. With correspondence to the structural change in knowledge, the law of such a society has suffered transformation, and the knowledge and techniques distributing and computing legal responsibility has also changed. However, he does not insist that the diffusion of technical knowledge is the sole factor of the transformation of legal responsibility. It is only one of the various factors. Moreover, he does not deny the continuation between the classical techniques distributing legal responsibility and the contemporary ones. In this era, the law realizes fairness and community values at the expense of singularities. In addition, he proposes that legal scholars take the diagnosis of law from the perspective of the technology/knowledge shifts seriously.

구강점막 부착용 케토프로펜 고분자 필름의 제조 및 평가

박진석,이상은,강봉석,이경록,이은주,박정숙 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2014 藥學論文集 Vol.29 No.-

Abstract – The objective of this study was to prepare ketoprofen-loaded buccal adhesive patch. The adhesive patch was formulated by casting method using aqueous soluble polymer povidone K17 (PVP 17PF) as film-forming agent and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) as adhesive agent. To compare the effect of HPMC type, different molecular weight of K4M and K15M HPMC was used. The physicochemical properties of patches such as appearance, thickness, in vitro release, and adhesiveness were investigated. The concentration of ketoprofen was determined spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 233 nm. The appearance of prepared patches was semi-transparent, light-yellow or almost colorless, and odorless. Thickness of each patches (n=6) was 0.895 ± 0.033 mm for K4M patch and 0.727 ± 0.036 mm for K15M patch. In vitro release test, both K4M and K15M patches showed over 20% release within 30 min. At 120 min, K4M and K15M patches demonstrated 95% and 67.5% release of ketoprofen, respectively, and up to 240 min, both patches released drug completely. Maximum adhesive force of K4M and K15M patches was 6.571 ± 2.703 gf and 2.735 ± 1.151 gf, respectively. Moreover, it took 28.29 ± 0.38 sec and 28.30 ± 0.34 sec for K4M and K15M patch to peel off them after adhesion, showing no significant difference. In conclusion, thickness, in vitro release, and maximum adhesive force could be modulated by alteration of polymer types.

[논문]결정화 유리첨가에 의한 BNT 계 세라믹 복합체의 소결 및 유전특성

이우석,이병철,류봉기 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 2003 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.62 No.-

본 연구에서는 BaO-Nd2O3-TiO2계 마이크로파 유전체 세라믹스에 결정화 유리를 첨가하여 적충일체형 RF 수동소자 모률 구현을 위한 저온소결 유전체소재를 개발하고자 하였다. BaO-Nd2O3-TiO2에 결정화 유리를 5~3Owt% 범위로 첨가하여 소결온도를 1300°C 에서 1050 °C 로 낮추었으며, 첨가량의 증가에 따라서 소결밀도의 증가 및 입성장이 뚜렸이 일어났고 결정화 유리를 20wt% 첨가하여 1050 °C의 소결온도에서 95% 이상의 상대밀도를 갖는 소결체를 얻을 수 있었다. 이때 유전율(Er),72,품질계수(Q . f),1500, 공진주파수 온도계수(tf), 22 ppm/°C 을 나타내었으며 이는 LTCC 재료로서 응용가능성이 있다고 판단되었다.

Probe 위치 변화에 따른 이음향방사의 변화

장봉익,이재욱,김상렬,강명구,김리석 대한이비인후과학회 1999 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.42 No.7

출생순위와 정신장애

석재호,안석철,손봉기 大韓神經精神醫學會 1978 신경정신의학 Vol.17 No.2

There have been many reports which dealt with the matter of incidence of schizophrenia, controlled by family size and sibling order. They got no uniform result but many of them suggested a possible relation between the schizophrenic incidence and the sibling order. Meanwhile the family size is getting smaller. Anticipation of this leads us to deal with the problem of mental hygiene in the small sized family. So the authors have chosen the mental patients who have two siblings, in the O.P.D. and the ward of Department of Neuropsychiatry of Han-Gang Sacred Heart Hospital from September 1976 to November 1977 to see the incidence of psychoses and neuroses among three siblings. The authors could sample 124 cases of psychotic and neurotic patients excluding patients with brain syndromes and 60 cases of organic brain syndromes, the control group. The results were as follows: 1. Among 29 psychotics, 12 were the first born, 7 the second born and 10 the third born. Among 95 neurotics, 30 cases were the first born, 37 the second born and 28 the third born. No significant difference was noted among these features. 2. In the subgroups of one son and two daughters, 3 brothers, and 3 sisters, no siginificant relationship in incidnece of mental disorder could be found. 3. In the subgroups of two sons and one daughter, the incidence of neurosis was significantly high in females. 4. In the group of organic brain syndromes, there was no significant difference in the incidence of psychosis and neurosis among different sibling orders.

반응성 스퍼터링에 의한 전극 및 산화박막에 관한연구

김봉열,전계석,유상록 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1980 논문집 Vol.12 No.2

Thin films of AI and ITO were prepared by RF diode sputtering and also the thin films of AIN were deposited by rf reactive sputtering. And then, the deposition rate, electrical resistivity and spectral transmission of these flms were investigated. It is obvious from the results that the sputtering input rf power strongly influenc es deposition rate of AI and ITO thin films. On the average characteristics of ITO thin films, the electrical resistivity was 4∼6×10­⁴Ω-cm and spectral transmission was more than 80%. When the partial pressure of nitrogen in argon nitrogen mixtures was increased, the deposition rate of AIN films began to decrease drastically at nitrogen partial pressure 2∼3×10­³ Torr, presumably the electrical resistivity of films began to increase rapidly, at the same critical pressure of nitrogen.

상황버섯박의 사료화에 관한 연구

장석훈,김성복,이봉덕,이수기 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2008 농업과학연구 Vol.35 No.2

This experiment was conducted to investigate the feed value of Phellinus linteus meal. The chemical composition and particle size of Phellinus linteus meal was determined, and investigated the effect of partial substitution(0, 5, 10 and 20%) of dried Phellinus linteus meal on metabolizability and serum IgG concentration of layers. Crude fiber content of Phellinus linteus meal was higher, and crude protein and crude fat contents were similar level compare to corn, barley, and wheat. Dry matter metabolizability of Phellinus linteus meal was lower in 10 and 20% treatment than those of 0 and 5% treatment significantly(p<0.05). But, Phellinus linteus meal did not affect concentration of serum IgG. 본 시험은 상황버섯박의 사료가치를 조사하기 위하여 화학적 성분을 분석하고, 산란계를 이용하여 급여수준(급여사료의 0, 5, 10 및 20%)에 따른 대사율과 혈청 IgG 농도를 조사하였다. 영양적 조성에 있어서는 섬유질성 단미사료수준 이상의 영양소를 함유하고 있으며, 산란계에 대한 대사율은 대조구에 비하여 상황버섯박 10 및 20% 첨가구가 유의하게 낮은 결과를 보였다(p<0.05). 그리고 혈청 IgG 농도에 있어서는 첨가수준에 따른 유의적인 차이를 발견할 수없었다. 위 결과로 볼 때 상황버섯박은 섬유질 함량이 높아 단위 동물의 사료로는 제한적 사용이 불가피하며, 버섯의 약리성분은 추출잔류물이라는 특성으로 볼 때 그 작용을 기대하기는 어려울 것으로 판단된다. 또한 상황버섯박은 섬유질 함량이 높은 것으로 보아 단위 동물보다는 반추동물의 사료로 이용하는 것이 유리할 것으로 생각된다.

고장모드 분석 프로그램을 통한 공작기계의 신뢰성 평가

김봉석,이수훈,송준엽,이승우 한국공작기계학회 2005 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.14 No.1

For reliability assessment for machine tools, failure mode analyses by two viewpoints were studied in this paper. First, this study developed the reliability data analysis program, which searches for optimal failure distribution like failure rate or MTBF(Mean Time Between Failure) using failure data and reliability test data of mechanical parts in the web. Moreover, this data analysis program saves both failure data or reliability test data and their failure rate or MTBF for database establishment. Second, this paper conducted failure mode analysis through such performance tests as circular movement test and vibration testing for machine tools when reliability data is not available. A developed web-based analysis program shows correlations between failure mode and performance test result, and also accumulates all the data. These kinds of data analysis programs and stored data furnish valuable information for improving the reliability of mechanical system.

SO₂로부터 원소 황 회수를 위한 Ce_(1-x)Zr_(x)O₂ 촉매반응연구

김봉석,이종대,박노국,류시옥,이태진,김재창 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.41 No.5

Ce_(1-x)Zr_(x)O₂ 촉매상에서 CO에 의한 SO₂의 촉매환원으로부터 원소 황 회수 반응에 대하여 연구하였다. Ce_(1-x)Zr_(x)O₂ 촉매는 Ce/Zr 조성비를 x=1, 0.8, 0.5, 0.2, 0과 같이 조절하여 제조하였으며 반응온도(400-450℃), 공간속도(10,000-70,000 h^(-1)) 변화에 따른 SO₂전화율과 원소 황(S)선택도를 조사하였다. Ce_(1-x)Zr_(x)O₂촉매의 최적반응온도는 425℃ 이었으며 공간속도 50,000 h^(-1)에서 Ce_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)O₂와 Ce_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O₂ 촉매의 SO₂ 전환율이 93%, 원소 황 선택도 98%로 CeO₂, Ce_(0.2)Zr_(0.8)O₂ 촉매보다 반응성이 높았다. Ce_(1-x)Zr_(x)O₂촉매에 Zr의 첨가량이 증가할수록 CeO₂의 환원률이 증가되었으며, 이러한 결과는 산소 저장성이 우수한 CeO₂에 Zr를 첨가함으로써 산소이동성이 증가되었기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서 Zr의 첨가로부터 Ce-based 촉매의 격자산소 환원과 비어있는 격자산소 자리의 재산화에 영향을 주어 redox 반응특성을 개선할 수 있음을 확인하였다. The catalytic reduction of SO₂ to elemental sulfur with CO over Ce_(1-x)Zr_(x)O₂ was studied. The Ce_(10x)Zr_(x)O2 catalysts were prepared by changing the Ce/Zr mole ratio(x=1, 0.8, 0.2, 0). The reactivity of Ce_(1-x)Zr_(x)O₂ in accordance with experimental conditions, such as reaction temperature(400-450??), space velocity (GHSV: 10,000-70,000 h^(-1)) were investigated. The conversion of SO2 and the selectivity to elemental sulfur in the recovery of elemental sulfur from SO2 using Ce_(0.8)Zr_(0.4)O₂ and Ce_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O₂ catalysts were respectively about 93% and 98% at temperature about 425 ??, which were superior to other catalysts. It seems that the reactivity is influenced by the Ce/Zr mole ratio. From these results, it was concluded that the oxygen mobility of catalysis was increased with inserting the Zr. Because the reduction of lattice oxygen and reoxidation of Ce-based catalysts was improved by the adding Zr, it is possible to improve the redox characteristic.

참 우렁 Cipangopaludina malleata의 발생과 성장에 관하여

유봉석 군산대학교 1969 群山水産專門大學 硏究報告 Vol.3 No.2

The development and growth of Cipangopaludina malleata has been investigated five months during the period of Jun. to Dec, 1968. The results obtained are summerized as follows; 1.Cipangopaludina malleata was spawned at 23℃ the average water temperrature for on June to Dec. 2.There was 15 to 38 pieces in the foetalsac of this shell which seem to be a big egg(3.5mm) or larva style(2.8mm) 3.It took approximetely 15 to 20 grow from spawning to post larva(average W.T 23℃) 4.The larva of Cipangopaludina malleata has in average been measured as follows; Shell Length; 2,085mm. Width 2,695mm. Length of Aperture; 1,495mm, Width of Aperture; 1,845mm. 5.The post larva which was grown for five months has five times as large as that of the first.