전로분진의 특성과 산침출

반봉찬,이호종,이길홍 순천대학교 공업기술연구소 1991 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.5 No.-

Physical properties of discarded dusts from LT system of converter were studied to find the possibility of their reusage, such as size distribution, chemical composition according to size distribution, and phase analysis by X-ray diffraction. The leaching test by H_2SO_4 showed that the recovery of FeSO_4·7H_2O from LT dust was 75% and the quality of this sulfate was commercial grade.

횡방향 충격을 받는 적층복합판의 층간전단응력 해석

안국찬,박승범,김봉환 한국산업안전학회 2002 한국안전학회지 Vol.17 No.4

This paper demonstrates the analyses of the interlaminar shear stress of laminated composite plates subjected to transversely impact. For this purpose, a plate finite element model based on the higher order shear deformation plate theory in conjunction with static contact laws is developed. Test materials were CFRP with cross-ply laminate [0_4/Θ_4]_s, [90_4/Θ_4]_s stacking sequences and angle-ply laminate [Θ_4/-Θ_4]_s, [Θ_4/-Θ_4]_s stacking sequences with 2^t×40^w×100^l(㎜) dimension. As a result, stacking sequence and fiber orientation were found to have a significant effect on the interlaminar stress in composite laminates.

발레 푸에떼 앙뚜루낭 앙드오르 동작의 운동학적 분석

유봉준,박계순,임규찬,박종진 한국운동역학회 1999 한국운동역학회지 Vol.9 No.1

The study aimed to analyse and compare the various kinematic variables of Croise´ motion with A la seconde motion in order to provide improve-ment of understanding in the technique of ballet. And Fouett´ motion was divided into LSI(i.e., Leg-Stretching motion: A la seconde in French), LBI(i.e., Leg-Banding motion: Coupe´ in French), LS2 and LB2. To achieve of such the purpose, six ballerina were sampled as subjects with 5-year career at university and the motions were required to be performed as quickly and stably as possible. The motions were analysed using the DLT method of three-dimensional cinematography. The principal kinematic variables for comparative analysis between Croise´ and A la seconde were as such: spent time, c.o.g distance, angular velocity of both arms, lean angle, hip joint angle and height of c.o.g. As a result of analyzing the data, the following conclusions were drawn. 1. The overall duration of Croise´ is less than that of A la seconde, but there was no significant difference two motions. 2. C.O.G. distance in Croise´ in view of horizontal plane tend to be shorter than that in A la seconde, but there was no significant difference between two motions. 3. The angular velocity of right arm in Croise´ is larger than that in A la seconde only at LS. There was no significant difference in the angular velocity of left arm in two motions, but the angular velocity f left arm in A la seconde tend to be larger than that in Croise´both at LSI and at LS2. and the angular velocity of left arm un Croise´ tend to be larger than that in A la seconde both at LB1 at LB2. 4. There was no significant difference in the lean angle and right hip joint angle between two motions. But the lean angle of Croise´ tend to be larger than that of A la seconde and the right hip joint angle of Croise´ tend to be larger than that of A la seconde. The right knee joint angle of Croise´ was larger than that of A la seconde at LS1 which proved to be significant difference between two motions. At other factors, there was no significant difference, but the right knee joint angle of A la seconde tend to be larger than that of Croise´. 5. There was significant difference between two motion at all factors on the height of c.o.g.. The height of c.o.g. of Croise´ tend to be higher than that of A la seconde at LS1 and at LS2. Besides, the height of c.o.g. of A la seconde tend to be higher than that of Croise´ at LB1 and at LB2.

PECVD 공정에 의한 TiC, TiN 및 Ti(CN)의 마찰 마모 특성 연구

이봉구,오성모,전찬열,김정기,김동현 한국공작기계학회 2005 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.14 No.2

In order to determine the wear properties of PECVD ceramic coatings, wear process was evaluated using the coated pin of Falex Tribo system. Coating materials deposited wear the TiC, TiN and Ti(CN). An experimental process was established to determine the tribological characteristics of friction and wear behavior under the variation of applied load, temperature and sliding distance by the Falex test machine. The experimental results indicate that TiN coatings compared with TiC coatings on the materials have the excellent friction and wear characteristics. However TiC coatings compared with TiN coatings have a low friction coefficient with steel and good thermal stability, and Ti(CN) has the excellent anti-wear property as well as the superiority of extreme pressure property. Compound coatings compared with simple coatings show improved tribological characteristics.

김해시 하수종말처리장의 효율적 관리 및 시행 방안

김봉한,박찬목 인제대학교 1997 仁濟論叢 Vol.13 No.1

We examine the merits and demerits of various management methods of sewage works in Kimhae city. It is desirable to select the most efficient management method by comparing the cost-benefits of various ones. The most appropriate one can change drastically, depending on which criteria we would use to select. Even though the selection based on quantitative analysis is most desirable to employ, we can not develop any quantitative analysis of various management methods. Instead of quantitative analysis, we employ a qualitative analysis. The public financial condition of Kimhae city, the availability of technicians and the existing public utilities in Kimhae city are the most important factors that can affect the selection of the management method of sewage works in Kimhae city. We conclude that the sewage works in Kimhae city should be operated in the form of a local public corporation.

금속 알콕사이드를 원료로하여 분무 건조법에 의해 제조된 코오디어라이트 세라믹의 전기적 특성

박희찬,류봉기,류수착 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 1995 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.49 No.-

코오디어라이트 세라믹 원료 분말이 금속 알콕사이드를 원료로 하여 제조되었다. 가수분해에 의해 제조된 졸을 분무 건조법과 오븐 건조기 건조법으로 건조하였으며 800℃에서 하소 처리한 후 1300℃에서 코오디어라이트 세라믹 소결체를 제조하였다. 분무 건조분말의 소결체의 유전상수 및 유전손실은 1㎒에서 1.1과 0.035의 값을 나타내었고, 건조기 건조분말의 소결체는 1.6 및 0.08의 값을 나타내었다. 분무건조 분말의 소결체의 겉보기 기공율 및 부피비중은 평균 1.3%와 2.448g/㎤ 이였고, 건조기 건조 분말의 소결체의 겉보기 기공율과 부피비중은 평균 3.2%와 2.185g/㎤이였다. Cordierite ceramic precursor powders were prepared from metal alkoxides. Hydrolyzed also were dried by spray dryer and oven dryer, and then they were calcined at 800℃. Calcined cordierite powders were sintered at 1300℃. In the codierite ceramics that were prepared from spray drying powders, dielectric constant and loss factor have 1.1 and 0.035 in 1MHz, respectively. In the codierite ceramics that were prepared from oven drying powders, dielectric constant and loss factor have 1.6 and 0.08 in 1MHz, respectively, Spray dried and sintered cordierite ceramics have apparent porosity of 1.3% and bulk density of 2.448g/㎤. Oven dried and sintered cordierite ceramics have apparent porosity of 3.2% and bulk density of 2.185g/㎤.

ILE 라이다 측정에 의한 에어로졸 입경분포 데이터추출 알고리즘

박찬봉,이주희 경희대학교 레이저공학연구소 2000 레이저공학 Vol.11 No.-

The algorithm for calculation of aerosol size distribution is developed. The algorithm are mainly consists of log normal size distribution function with Klett equations and Mie equations. Also, These equation is basis on the multi-wavelength lidar those use 355 nm, 532 nm and 1064 nm. The Lidar provides three modes of operation : aerosol (355, 532 and 1064 nm), Raman (387, 408 and 355 nm) and polarization (532 nm) measurements. The distinctive feature of multi-wavelength data processing is a consecutive approach including simultaneous lidar equation solution and determination of size distribution function. With the algorithm, aerosol size that is in the range of 0.037 to 2.3 mm can be analyzed along with the altitude. In case studies, the concentration of aerosol is dominant in the range below 0.404 mm but Asian dust is increased over 0.7 mm range.

핵폐기용 실험글라스고화체의 구조 및 특성에 관한 연구

류봉기,박희찬,박성수 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 1996 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.51 No.-

핵연료의 재처리공정중에서 방출되는 high-level방사성폐액을 안정한 글라스형태로 고화하여 처리하는 글라스고화법이 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 고화글라스구성성분의 하나인 Pb가 글라스의 용해도, 글라스중에서의 존재형태, 결정화에 미치는 영향을 UV, XRD, TG등을 이용하여 검토하였다. Pd의 용해도는 Tg∼1200℃에서 수 십-수 백ppm정도이며, 용해도를 전후하여 각각 2가이온 및 콜로이드상태로 존재한다는 것을 확인하였다. 그리고 Pb는 결정화에있어서 결정화를 촉진하였으나, Mn, Cr, V, Sb등의 다원자가원소의 첨가에 의하여 결정화를 억제할 수 있었다. Glass is an attractive form for the permanent and secure disposal treatment of high-level radioactive liquid wastes from high-level nuclear waste re-management process. In present work, we investigated the effect of glass solubility, existing form from of Pd in glass, and crystallization of glass on the Pd behaviour in the waste glass using UV, XRD, and TG. The solubility of Pd was from several 10s to several 100s ppm in Tg∼1200℃, and we found Pd exists as bivalent ionic or colloidal form at around the value of Pd-solubility in glass matrix. In crystallization, Pd in glass was helpful for promoting the crystallization, but Mn, Cr, V, and Sb additives retarded and controlled the crystallization.

제주도 주변 용승역의 생물생태학적 기초 연구 : 부유성 동물플랑크톤의 현존량과 분포특성 Standing Stock and Distribution of pelagic Zooplankton

최영찬,고유봉,오봉철 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1996 基礎科學硏究 Vol.9 No.2

제주도 서부 고산 연안 용승역에 출현하는 표충 부유성 동물플랑크톤의 특성을 밝히기 위하여 용승역과 그 인접 외해역에서 1993년 4월부터 1994년 3월까지 격월로 부유성 요각류, 화살벌레류, 익족류 및 젤라틴성 동물플랑크톤(Siphonophora 와 Thaliacea)을 조사하였다. 요각류는 6월과 11월에 각각 235ind./㎥, 301ind./㎥로 2차례에 걸쳐 피크를 보여 제주도 주변 연안해역과 일치하고, 출현 개체수에 있어서도 용승역이라고 해서 특별히 높지는 않았다. 젤라틴성 동물플랑크톤은 용승역과 외해역에서는 거의 출현하지 않는 반면, 인접하는 중간역에서만 6월과 11월에 75~458ind./㎥로 다량 출현하는 특성을 보였다. 동물 플랑크톤의 평균 생물량은 35.8ind./㎥으로 11월에 가장 높고 1월에 가장 낮았다. 화살벌레류는 Sagitta의 사체가 6월과 11월의 용승역에서 43~74%로 매우 높게 나타나는 특징을 보였다. 11월의 용승역에 출현한 Sagitta는 48~71%가 요각류인 Oncaea venusta O. mediterranea 및 Candacia bipinata에 의해 부착된 상태에 있었다. 또 각을 갖고 있어서 그 분포가 제한을 받는 유각 익족류는 외해역에서 는 전혀 출현하지 않은 반면, 용승역에서 용승현상이 강한 시기인 11월에 27~64ind./㎥의 높은 밀도로 출현하므로써 요승에 의한 상승류를 이용, 적응하는 부유성 동물플랑크톤의 특성을 보이고 있었다. Daytime surface zooplankton were collected bimonthly from April 1993 to March 1994 at six stations around upwelling and adjacent areas of Gosan, western part of Cheju Island. This paper deals with the occurrence, biomass and some other characteristics of zooplankton in these areas. Copepods had two peaks in the abundance in June(235 ind./㎥)and November(301 ind./㎥), but were not especially abundant in upwelling area. While gelatinous organisms seldom occurred in the upwelling and the outer area with high density of 75ind./㎥(in June) and 458 ind./㎥( in November) at the intermediate area, seasonal values of biomass with mean of 35.8ind./㎥ were the highest in November and the lowest in January. Abundance of chaetognaths(mainly Sagitta spp.) ranged 15~37 ind./㎥, and carcasses of Sagitta occurred very highly in the upwelling area in June(54% of total Sagitta organisms) and November(70.5%). Especially 48~77% of sagitta individuals in upwelling area in November was attached by Oncaea mediterranea, O. venusta and Candacia bipinata. Pteropods with shells were sampled only in the upwelling area during strong upwelling season (November, 27~64 ind./㎥), indicating the characteristics of ascending behavioral adaptation form the bottom water by upwelling.

스트레스반응척도의 개발

고경봉,박중규,김찬형 대한신경정신의학회 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.4

연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 4가지 스트레스반응 즉 감정적, 신체적, 인지적, 행동적 반응들이 포함된 스트레스 반응 척도를 개발하고자 하는데 있다. 방법: 일차로 성인 정상인 109명을 대상으로 스트레스반응척도 예비설문을 시행하여 75개 문항을 추출하였다. 2차로 이 문항들이 포함된 설문을 정상인 215명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 결과: 이 자료들을 요인분석한 결과 7개의 하위요인 즉 긴장, 공격성, 신체화, 분노, 우울, 피로, 좌절이 추출되었다. 상기 척도의 신뢰도는 정상인 62명에게 2주 간격으로 검사-재검사를 시행, 분석한 결과 7개 하위척도 점수와 척도 전체 점수 간의 상관관계수가 .69∼.96으로 모두 유의한 상관성을 보였다. 한편 내적 일치도는 7개 하위척도의 Cronbach's α가 .76∼.91, 척도 전체의 Cronbach's α가 .97이었다. 공존타당도는 global assessment of recent stress(GARS) scale, perceived stress questionnaire(PSQ), symptom checklist-90-R(SCL-90-R)의 전체지표 각각의 총점과 본 척도의 7개 하위척도의 점수 및 척도 전체점수 간의 상관성을 각각 비교한 결과 모두 유의하게 높은 것을 나타났다. 변별타당도는 환자군 242명(불안장애 71명, 우울장애 73명, 신체형장애 47명, 정신신체장애 51명)과 정상군 215명간에 척도의 총점과 7개의 하위척도 점수를 비교한 결과 공격성을 제외한 6개 하위척도 점수와 총점에서 각각 유의한 차이를 보였다. 환자군에서 우울장애군이 척도전체 점수가 가장 높고, 불안장애, 정신신체장애, 정상군보다 각각 전체 점수가 유의하게 높게 나타나 우울장애군이 이들 환자군 중에서 스트레스반응이 가장 현저하다는 것을 시사해 준다. 대상자들 중 여자가 남자보다, 소득수준이 낮을수록 척도 전체 점수가 유의하게 더 높았다. 결론: 이상의 결과들은 스트레스반응 척도가 신뢰도 및 타당도가 모두 유의한 수준으로 스트레스에 관련된 분야의 연구에 효과적으로 이용될 수 있는 도구임을 시사해 준다. 또한 우울장애군이 상기 다른 정신장애군에 비해 스트레스에 대한 감수성이 높다는 것을 반영해 준다. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop the stress response inventory(SRI)which includes emotional, somatic, cognitive, and behavioral stress responses, and then to use the scale in clinical pracitice. Methods: First, a preliminary survey was conducted for 109 healthy adults to obtain 70 response items. Second, a preliminary questionnaire was completed by 215 healthy subjects. Third, a comparison was made regarding stress responses among 242 patients(71 with anxiety disorder, 73 with depressive disorder, 47 with somatoform disorder, and 51 with psycho-somatic disorder) and 215 healthy subjects. Results: Factor analysis yielded 7 subscales : tension, aggression, somatization, anger, depre-ssion, fatigue and frustration. Reliability was computed by administering the SRI to 62 healthy subjects during a 2-week interval. Test-retest relivbility for 7 subscales and the total score was significantly hign, ranging between 0.69- .96. Internal consistency was computed, and Cronbach's α for 7 subscales ranged between .76-.91 and .97 for the total score. Concurrent validity was computed by correlating the 7 subscales and the total score with the total score of the global assessment of recent stress(GARS) scale, the perceived stress questionnaire(PSQ), and the symptom checklist-90revised(SCL-90-R). The correlations were all at significant levels. Discriminant validity was computed by comparing the total score and the 7 subscale scores of the patient and control groups. Significant differences were found for 6 subscales and the total score, with the exception being the aggression subscale. The depressive disorder group was highest in total scores of SRi among 4 patient groups, and showed a significant higher scores in total scores of SRI than each of anxiety disorder and psychosomatic disorder groups. In total scores of SRI, female subjects were significantly higher than male ones, and subjects with lower income were significantly higher than those with higher income. Conclusion: These results indicate that the SRI is highly reliable and valid, and that it can be utilized as an effective measure of stress for research in stress-related fields. It is suggested that depressive disorder group is more susceptible to stress than any other patient groups.