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수행 기간에 따른 스님들의 식생활과 영양소 섭취 실태 : 운문사 스님들의 사례를 중심으로
차복경,이순재 동아시아식생활학회 1997 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.7 No.1
The purpose of this study was to investigate of nutritional status, a intention for dietary improvement and a degree of dietary satisfaction of Buddhist nuns(age 23~43yr). The survey was carried out through physical examination and questionaries at Woon Mun temple in Kyungpook province September through October in 1996. The results are summarized as follows: 1) All nutrients were higher than recommended daily allowances, and the ratios of carbohydrate:protein:lipid from total calories was 76:13:11 respecting. 2) In degree of dietary satisfaction: satisfaction, between, dissatisfaction were 55.47, 36.59, 7.93% of subjects. 3) In intention for dietary improvements: the same way, a little improvements, much improvements were 55.47, 41.46, 3.07%. 4) Diet type were in regular sequence of volume, gourmet, balance, diet, fast food type.
低周波 電磁場 속에서 불활성 기체 원자에 의한 電子의 산란단면적
정경복,장차익,최승평 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1997 自然科學硏究 Vol.20 No.1
The scattering cross section is the physical quantity which is susceptible of a reasonably direct experimental measurement and which at the same time lends itself readily to calculation, and which establish contact between scattering theory and scattering experiment to assist each other. We have calculated one-photon free-free absorption cross sections without target distortion at the frequencies of the CO_2, Nd, and ruby lasers, for targets consisting of the ground states of He, Ne, Ar. The calculations yield total cross sections averaged over all orientations of the polarzation, which is taken to be linear. Electron energies are in the range up to about 13 eV. The atomic potential used to represent the interaction of the atom in our calculation is the same one that is replaced atom by the potential used by Robinsion and Geltman in the evaluation of photodetachment cross-sections. We used the Numerov method for numerical integration of our differential equations. This method appears to be most efficient numerical intergration scheme available for second-order differential equations with the first derivative absent.
Development of High Energy Particle Detector for the Study of Space Radiation Storm
Gyeong-Bok Jo,Jongdae Sohn,Cheong Rim Choi,Yu Yi,Kyoung-Wook Min,Suk-Bin Kang,Go Woon Na,Goo-Hwan Shin 한국우주과학회 2014 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.31 No.3
Next Generation Small Satellite-1 (NEXTSat-1) is scheduled to launch in 2017 and Instruments for the Study of Space Storm (ISSS) is planned to be onboard the NEXTSat-1. High Energy Particle Detector (HEPD) is one of the equipment comprising ISSS and the main objective of HEPD is to measure the high energy particles streaming into the Earth radiation belt during the event of a space storm, especially, electrons and protons, to obtain the flux information of those particles. For the design of HEPD, the Geometrical Factor was calculated to be 0.05 to be consistent with the targets of measurement and the structure of telescope with field of view of 33.4º was designed using this factor. In order to decide the thickness of the detector sensor and the classification of the detection channels, a simulation was performed using GEANT4. Based on the simulation results, two silicon detectors with 1 mm thickness were selected and the aluminum foil of 0.05 mm is placed right in front of the silicon detectors to shield low energy particles. The detection channels are divided into an electron channel and two proton channels based on the measured LET of the particle. If the measured LET is less than 0.8 MeV, the particle belongs to the electron channel, otherwise it belongs to proton channels. HEPD is installed in the direction of 0º,45º,90º against the along-track of a satellite to enable the efficient measurement of high energy particles. HEPD detects electrons with the energy of 0.1 MeV to several MeV and protons with the energy of more than a few MeV. Thus, the study on the dynamic mechanism of these particles in the Earth radiation belt will be performed.
Comparison of Obesity and Dyslimidemia between Giant Embryo Rice Koji and Soybean Koji in Obese Rats
Gyeong Bok Jung,Sihoon Park,Jae-Joon Lee 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10
In this study, we compared anti-obesity and lipid-lowering effects between giant embryo rice koji (RK) fermented with Aspergillus oryzae 1354 and soybean koji (SK) fermented with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CJ 15-6 on rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD), a model for obesity. Five-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups as follows: regular diet (RD), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD + 3% rice koji (HFD-RK), and HFD + 3% soybean koji (HFD+SK). The body weight gain, liver and visceral fat pad weights, serum TG, LDL-cholesterol, and leptin levels, the aeverage size of the AT were significantly decreased in the HFD-RK and HFD-SK supplementation groups compared with those in the HF group. In addition, RK or SK supplement significantly attenuated the hepatic TG level, the occurrence of fatty liver deposits and steatosis by inhibiting lipogenesis through down-regulation of FAS, ACC, and malic enzyme The anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects were marginally greater in the HFD-SK group than in the HFD-RK group. These findings indicated that rice koji or soybean koji may have potential for improving some obesity-related parameters in obese rats.
Geometry-dependent terahertz emission of silicon nanowires.
Jung, Gyeong Bok,Cho, Yong Jae,Myung, Yoon,Kim, Han Sung,Seo, Young Suk,Park, Jeunghee,Kang, Chul Optical Society of America 2010 Optics express Vol.18 No.16
<P>THz emission was observed from the vertically aligned silicon nanowire (Si NW) arrays, upon the excitation using a fs Ti-sapphire laser pulse (800 nm). The Si NWs (length = 0.3 ~9 mum) were synthesized by the chemical etching of n-type silicon substrates. The THz emission exhibits significant length dependence; the intensity increases sharply up to a length of 3 mum and then almost saturates. Their efficient THz emission is attributed to strong local field enhancement by coherent surface plasmons, with distinctive geometry dependence.</P>
Jung, Gyeong Bok,Kim, Wan Sun,Bae, Young Min,Lee, Young Ju,Lee, Gi-Ja American Scientific Publishers 2017 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.17 No.12
<P>Plasmonic nanostructures provide as a highly active-SERS substrate that can potentially achieve biomolecules detection. However, the detection of highly diluted, small volume analyte detection remains an urgent problem, due to the diffuse over the hydrophilic surfaces, which far from the plasmonic sensitive areas and limits the SERS detection sensitivity. In this study, we describe the fabrication and characterization of octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) capped gold nanodot (Au ND) arrays, the combination of hydrophobic surfaces and nanoplasmonics, and demonstrates their suitability as hydrophobic SERS active substrate for biomedical application. The activity of OTS capped Au ND arrays as SERS substrate was experimentally verified using Rhodamine B as an analyte. This substrate showed 3-fold signal enhancement compared to the ordinary hydrophilic Au ND arrays due to the hydrophobic condensation effect. It is expected that the OTS capped Au ND arrays can be lead to development of a highly sensitive and selective tool for biomedical applications using SERS detection.</P>
Jung, Gyeong-Bok,Lee, Hui-Jae,Kim, Ji-Hye,Lim, Jin Ik,Choi, Samjin,Jin, Kyung-Hyun,Park, Hun-Kuk SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engine 2011 Journal of biomedical optics Vol.16 No.12
<P>This study examined the effect of the cross-linking with riboflavin-ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation on the chemical bonds and ultrastructural changes of human sclera tissues using Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Raman spectroscopy of the normal and cross-linked human sclera tissue revealed different types of the riboflavin-UVA and collagen interactions, which could be identified from their unique peaks, intensity, and shape. Raman spectroscopy can prove to be a powerful tool for examining the chemical bond of collagenous tissues at the molecular level. After riboflavin-UVA treatment, unlike a regular parallel arrangement of normal collagen fibrils, the AFM image revealed interlocking arrangements of collagen fibrils. The observed changes in the surface topography of the collagen fibrils, as well as in their chemical bonds in the sclera tissue, support the formation of interfibrilar cross-links in sclera tissues.</P>
Development of High Energy Particle Detector for the Study of Space Radiation Storm
Jo, Gyeong-Bok,Sohn, Jongdae,Choi, Cheong Rim,Yi, Yu,Min, Kyoung-Wook,Kang, Suk-Bin,Na, Go Woon,Shin, Goo-Hwan The Korean Space Science Society 2014 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.31 No.3
Next Generation Small Satellite-1 (NEXTSat-1) is scheduled to launch in 2017 and Instruments for the Study of Space Storm (ISSS) is planned to be onboard the NEXTSat-1. High Energy Particle Detector (HEPD) is one of the equipment comprising ISSS and the main objective of HEPD is to measure the high energy particles streaming into the Earth radiation belt during the event of a space storm, especially, electrons and protons, to obtain the flux information of those particles. For the design of HEPD, the Geometrical Factor was calculated to be 0.05 to be consistent with the targets of measurement and the structure of telescope with field of view of $33.4^{\circ}$ was designed using this factor. In order to decide the thickness of the detector sensor and the classification of the detection channels, a simulation was performed using GEANT4. Based on the simulation results, two silicon detectors with 1 mm thickness were selected and the aluminum foil of 0.05 mm is placed right in front of the silicon detectors to shield low energy particles. The detection channels are divided into an electron channel and two proton channels based on the measured LET of the particle. If the measured LET is less than 0.8 MeV, the particle belongs to the electron channel, otherwise it belongs to proton channels. HEPD is installed in the direction of $0^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$ against the along-track of a satellite to enable the efficient measurement of high energy particles. HEPD detects electrons with the energy of 0.1 MeV to several MeV and protons with the energy of more than a few MeV. Thus, the study on the dynamic mechanism of these particles in the Earth radiation belt will be performed.
김경복 ( Gyeong Bok Kim ) 경남대학교 인문과학연구소 2013 人文論叢 Vol.32 No.-
공간과 장소는 인간이 가진 생물학적 요건과 경험적 실존 사건들을 융합하면서 그 가치를 획득한다. 시에 나타나는 공간의미는 시인의 감각적 신체와 사회 현실의 경험 그리고 공간의 상호주관성 속에서 이루어진 것이다. 이 논문은 박봉우의 시에 나오는 실존 공간들을 공간 이론을 적용하여 논의해 본 것이다. 박봉우 시에서 실존 공간의 양상은 다음과 같이 나타난다. 첫째, 박봉우 시에서 원초적 공간은 역사적 현실 속에서 상실된 개인과 민족의 정체성 문제가 구체화된 것이다. 이것은 집 이나 고향 같은 실존적 근원성을 표상하는 공간으로 의미화되는데, 집의 해체와 불구적 현실 그리고 고향 상실과 전후의 정신적 외상으로 나타난다. 이러한 공간의미는 보호가치로서의 근원지인 민족과 나라의 부재가 그 원인이다. 건강한 민족의 실존성을 찾고자 하지만 근원성에서조차 실존의 자리는 부재로 공간화된다. 둘째, 박봉우 시에서 경계적 공간은 참혹한 현실을 탈피하고자 하는 욕구가 의미화 된 것이다. 이것은 창문 에서 현실을 전복하려는 공간 역전 심리로 의미화되고 있으며, 꽃밭 에서는 현실과 이상 사이의 괴리가 적의로 변주된 변증적 공간으로 의미화 된다. 이것이 어떠한 양상이든 외부로의 세계 지향은 민족의 원심적 욕망에 근거해 있다. 하지만 모두 좌절의 양상으로 공간화된다. 셋째, 박봉우 시에서 폐쇄적 공간은 6 25와 4 19 그리고 7,80년대 민주화 과정을 거치면서 경험한 이념적 좌절이 의미화된 것이다. 이것은 벽 에서 혁명적 저항성으로 형상화되고 있으며, 병실 에서는 역사적 현실이 주는 이데올로기 폭력성으로 구체화 된다. 이것은 개인과 민족의 정신을 병들게 하는 요소가 이데올로기의 폭력성이라는 것을 보여준다. 이는 모두 억압의 양상으로 공간화된다. 박봉우 시의 실존공간은 생물 사회학적인 존재의 위치를 보여준 것으로, 인간의 본능적 감각과 현실 경험, 시인으로서의 박봉우의 도덕적 판단에 의해서 해석된 실존적 의미의 상징이다. 이는 50년대 개인과 민족이 주체가 되는 삶으로 나아가지 못하고, 이데올로기가 만들어내는 허상적 주체에 휘둘리고 있다는 것을 말하고 있다. Space and place obtain its value as biological conditions human has and experimental existence events fuse each other. Meaning of a space shown on poetry reflects things made in the midst of sensual experiences of a poet, experiences of social reality, and mutual subjectivity of space. This thesis investigated existence space shown on poetry of Park Bong woo and the study results are as follows. First, Original space shown on the poetry includes meanings based on problem of a lost individual in the historical reality and racial identity. This is a space representing fundamental existence such as house or hometown. The space appears as dismantlement of house, deformed reality, loss of home town, and mental trauma after war. Such meaning of a space is caused by absence of race and a nation which is a source as value to be protected`. Second, Marginal space shown on the poetry is signification of desire to escape horrible reality. This has a form of psychology to reverse space to overthrow reality as shown in window. In a poem flower garden, gap between reality and ideal was embodied to hostility. Regardless of aspects appeared from such gap, pointing to external world is based on racial desire but all appear as aspects of frustration. Third, Closed space shown on the poetry is signification of ideological frustration experienced during Korean war, 4 19 revolution, and democratization process for 1980s. This appears as revolutionary resistance in wall. In sickroom, ideological violence resulted from historical reality is embodied. This shows that element to make spirit of individual and race become ill is ideological violence. Such violence is all expressed in space aspects of suppression. Consciousness on space of Park Bong woo reflects absence of identity, frustration in reality, and suppressing political violence. All this has negative form. Conflict of ideology and politics of violence after 8.15 Liberation Day are causes for this. Thus, existence space on Park Bong woo`s poetry shows aspects reflecting mental characteristic of an individual and social reality through history of disorder.
김경복(Kim, Gyeong-Bok) 한국문학회 2013 韓國文學論叢 Vol.64 No.-
신동엽의 문학은 한국 60년대 문학사와 맞물려 해석할 때 온당한 의미를 획득한다. 참여시로 규정되는 그의 문학은 분단민족의 현실에 대한 우려와 함께 민족자주국가 형성을 주제로 삼는다. 신동엽의 이러한 의식은 자연스럽게 당대의 이상적 사회상, 즉 유토피아에 대한 의식을 그의 시적 내용으로 가지게 되는데, 이 내용이 얼마나 정합성을 띠고 당대의 현실에 대응했는가를 살펴보는 일은 현재에서도 매우 중요한 일이다. 유토피아란 인류의 가장 깊은 갈망과 고귀한 꿈, 그리고 높은 포부가 성취되는 상상의 사회다. 그것은 당위의 세계이며 현실에 대한 제도적 비판과 개혁을 위한 제안의 성격을 띤다는 점에서 규범적 세계로 이해된다. 이런 유토피아적 사고로 신동엽 시를 살펴보았을 때 그의 시는 당대의 현실 비판과 함께 시대적 모순을 뛰어넘는 이상적 사회상을 제시하고 있다. 당대 현실 비판은 분단의 고착화에 따른 조국의 모순된 현실을 그리는 데서 볼 수 있다. 그의 시에서 우리나라는 우선 ‘타국의 기지’, 즉 주체적 자유와 자발성이 사라진 현실로 나타나고 이로 인해 약탈, 착취, 부정 등이 넘치는 현실에 놓이게 된다. 때문에 그의 시는 외세에 대해 저항하는 의식을 보여주고, 더 나아가 외세에 빌붙어 기생하는 매판 자본에 대한 비판으로 이어진다. 그리고 외세에 대한 반감은 자연스럽게 외세가 가지고 들어온 문명에 대해서도 부정적으로 본다. 문명화된 사회가 당대 우리 민족의 생명적 위기 상황을 조장하는 것으로 여기고 있기 때문이다. 신동엽이 추구하는 이상적 사회상은 두 가지다. 하나는 원시적 자연주의로, 인간의 삶을 편리하게 하리라 보았던 현대문명이 오히려 인간에게 허울과 허식만 가져오게 함으로써 인간의 진정성을 상실케 했다고 보고 원시적 자연의 상태로 돌아가고자 하는 것이다. 다른 하나는 당대의 현실과 관련하여 자유와 평등이 보장된 사회상, 즉 자주적 공동체로서 무계급사회다. 신동엽은 이러한 이상적 사회상의 사상적 기반을 세 측면에서 얻고 있다. 우선 아나키즘 사상이다. 그의 시에서 ‘무정부 마을’로 표상되는 아나키즘 사상은 일체의 권위와 억압으로부터 인간의 자유로운 해방을 쟁취하고 ‘능력에 따라 일하고 필요에 따라 분배’하는 이상적 삶의 모습을 담아내는 이데올로기로 표현되고 있다. 다른 하나는 동학사상으로 인내천(人乃天) 사상에 따라 민중평등과 자주적 삶을 추구하는 내용을 담고 있다. 그리고 나머지 하나는 노장사상(老莊思想)으로 원시적 자연주의 및 소국과민(小國寡民)의 이상향을 추구하는 기반이 되고 있다. 이러한 사상과 사회상으로 구축되고 있는 신동엽의 유토피아 의식은 60년대 현실에 정합성이 있는 현실 대응이자 높은 심미적 이상을 심어주는 문학적 성취가 되고 있다. The literature of Dong-yeop Shin obtains a reasonable meaning when being interpreted with literature history of Korea in 1960's. His literature takes the forming of national independence state together with a concern to the reality of divided people as his themes. Such consciousness of Dong-yeop Shin naturally regards the consciousness to the ideal society of that time, i.e. the consciousness to the utopia as his poetic contents. It is also very important to find that such contents how to respond to the reality of that time with consistency even in the present. The utopia is a society of imagination which the most deepest longing, noble dream, and the higher ambition of humankind are achieved. It is a world of needs and is understood as normative world in which it shows a suggestive characteristics for systematical criticism and reform to the reality. When appreciating the poetry of Dong-yeop Shin with such utopian thought, his poems are indicated as the ideal society beyond periodical contradiction together with the criticism to the reality of that time. Criticism to the reality of that tims can be shown from that it describes the contradicted reality of Korea according to fixation of division. In his poems, first Korea is indicated as 'a base of other countries', i.e. the reality which independent freedom and spontaneity are disappeared and due to this, it becomes a reality which plunder, exploit, and illegality are spread. Therefore, his poems show a consciousness to resist to foreign power and further they are lead to the criticism to comprador capital being parasite to foreign power. Antagonism to foreign power naturally sees the civilization which foreign power has brought with negative view. It regards as that civilized society aggravates the life crisis of Korean people. The ideal society which Dong-yeop Shin pursues has two kinds. One is a primitive naturalism, and it sees that modern civilization which was regarded to make the human life to be convenient made the loss of human truth by bring the empty looks and formalities to the humankind and intends to return to the primitive nature. The other one is a society ensuring freedom and equality, i.e. no class society as an independent community in relation with the reality of that time. He obtains a philosophical base of ideal society from three aspects. First is an anarchism. The anarchism expressed as ‘no government town’ in his poems is expressed as an ideology containing the feature of ideal life which gains a free liberation of humankind from all authorities and suppressions, ‘work depending on one's capability, and distribute according to its needs’. Second is an ideology to pursue equality of people and independent life based on ‘mankind is god’ of Donghak Thought. Finally, the Lao-Chuang's Thought expressing ‘letting nature be’ becomes a base to pursue a primitive naturalism. This thought and the utopian consciousness of Dong-yeop Shin established by its society become a literal achievement to be a corresponding to the reality with consistency in 1960's and to plant a high esthetic ideal.