Volcanoclastic flow hazard assessment in highly populated areas: a GIS-based approach applied to Torre del Greco municipality (Somma-Vesuvius, Italy)

Marina Bisson,Annarita Paolillo,Alessandro Tadini,Roberto Sulpizio,Giovanni Zanchetta 한국지질과학협의회 2018 Geosciences Journal Vol.22 No.3

This paper presents a contribution to Volcanoclastic Flows hazard assessment in very densely populated volcanic areas by using a multidisciplinary study applied to the Torre del Greco area, a municipality close to the active Somma-Vesuvius volcano, in Italy. This study integrates and combines in a GIS environment several types of data: i) information on Volcanoclastic Flows recorded during the years 1906–2010, derived from historical chronicles and local reports; ii) rainfall data relative to the investigated period; iii) summary of the recent activity of Somma-Vesuvius (AD 1631–AD 1944) deriving from the scientific literature; iv) morphological and morphometric analyses derived from a very high resolution Digital Elevation Model developed in the years 2009–2012. The historical analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution of the Volcanoclastic Flows recorded in the Vesuvian area during the last 104 years indicates that the zone mostly affected by such phenomena is the south-western sector of Somma-Vesuvius, and in particular the Torre del Greco municipality, for which a specific database on paths and directions of the historical Volcanoclastic Flows was implemented. The analysis and comparison of all available data allowed us to: i) recognize that the source zone of Volcanoclastic Flows occurred in Torre del Greco was a funnel-shaped area located immediately SW of the Somma-Vesuvius caldera boundary and just above the most urbanized area of the town; ii) individuate the key morphometric parameters (slope and curvature) necessary for the potential triggering of Volcanoclastic Flows; and iii) investigate possible relationships between the fallout deposits of the Somma-Vesuvius main recent eruptions and the historical Volcanoclastic Flows of Torre del Greco. Although this approach represents only a starting point for studies aimed at the assessment and mitigation of Volcanoclastic Flows hazard, it can be applied in other volcanic zones having similar characteristics to the Somma-Vesuvius area. Moreover, it can be used not only during a period of volcanic quiescence when heavy and/or persistent rains are able to remobilize loose pyroclastic deposits, but also in syn-eruptive conditions.

Preventive Effects of Lignan Extract from Flax Hulls on Experimentally Induced Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

Jean-Francois Bisson,Sophie Hidalgo,Rudy Simons,Marian Verbruggen 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.6

Consumption of diet rich in lignans may decrease the risk of some chronic hormonal conditions such as benignprostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This study investigated whether a lignan-rich extract from flaxseed hulls, LinumLife EXTRA(LLE), could prevent BPH using the testosterone propionate (TP)-induced BPH rat model. Male Wistar-Unilever rats wererandomly divided into four groups of 12 rats each: a negative control group fed with control diet and receiving dailysubcutaneous injections of corn oil without TP, and three groups fed with control diet (positive control), diet containing 0.5% LLE (LLE 0.5) or 1.0% LLE (LLE 1.0) and receiving daily subcutaneous injections of TP in corn oil. Treatments with diets started 2 weeks before the induction of BPH and were carried out for 5 consecutive weeks. The influence of TP and LLE on body weight (BW), food and water consumptions, and enterolactone (ENL) levels in serum and urine of rats was examined at the end of the 5-week treatment period. TP significantly diminished the mean body weight gain (MBWG) of positive control rats and their food and water consumptions while LLE reduced significantly this MBWG reduction in a dose-dependent manner. The lignan-rich extract significantly inhibited TP-induced prostate size ratio (prostate weight/rat BW) increase in comparison with positive controls (P < .001). This effect was dose dependent. Higher serum and urine levels of ENL correlated well with the dose of extract provided to rats. It was concluded that the lignan-rich flaxseed hull extract prevented the TP-induced BPH indicating it might be beneficial in the prevention of BPH.

Preventive Effects of ACTICOA Powder, a Cocoa Polyphenolic Extract, on Experimentally Induced Prostate Hyperplasia in Wistar-Unilever Rats

Jean-Francois Bisson,Sophie Hidalgo,Pascale Rozan,Micha? Messaoudi 한국식품영양과학회 2007 Journal of medicinal food Vol.10 No.4

Therapeutic Effect of ACTICOA Powder, a Cocoa Polyphenolic Extract, on Experimentally Induced Prostate Hyperplasia in Wistar-Unilever Rats

Jean-Francois Bisson,Sophie Hidalgo,Pascale Rozan,Michael Messaoudi 한국식품영양과학회 2007 Journal of medicinal food Vol.10 No.4

The influence of suture materials on the biomechanical behavior of suture-meniscal specimens: a comparative study in a porcine model

( John Reza Matthews ),( Jiefei Wang ),( Jiwei Zhao ),( Melissa A. Kluczynski ),( Leslie J. Bisson ) 대한슬관절학회 2020 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.32 No.-

Background: Repair of a meniscal tear is indicated in certain conditions. Despite extensive research on the biomechanics of various repair methods, there has been minimal investigation of whether the suture material influences the meniscal-suture construct. The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical properties of nine different suture materials under cyclic and load-to-failure conditions. Methods: Ninety porcine menisci were randomly allocated to simple suture placement using either Ultrabraid^®, Ultratape^{^®}, Magnum Wire^®, TigerWire^®, TigerTape^®, LabralTape^®, Orthocord^®, 0 FiberWire^®, or 2-0 FiberWire^®. Each suture-meniscus specimen underwent cyclic loading followed by load-to-failure testing. Elongation, maximum load to failure, stiffness, and mode of failure were recorded and compared between each suture type using nonparametric testing. Mean ± standard deviation was reported and the statistical significance was p < 0.05. Results: Elongation during cyclic loading was lowest with 2-0 FiberWire (0.95 ± 0.17 mm); this value was statistically significantly different than the results for all other sutures except 0 FiberWire^® (1.09 ± 0.17 mm, p = 0.79), TigerWire^® (1.09 ± 0.29 mm, p = 0.85), TigerTape^® (1.39 ± 0.29 mm, p = 0.08), and LabralTape^® (1.20 ± 0.33 mm, p = 0.41). The highest elongation was seen with Ultrabraid^® (1.91 ± 0.34 mm); this value was statistically significantly greater than the results for all other suture materials except Orthocord^® (1.59mm± 0.31 mm, p = 0.46) and Magnum Wire^® (1.43 ± 0.25 mm, p = 0.14). Load to failure was highest for TigerTape^® (287.43 ± 41.15 N), and this result was statistically significantly different than the results for all other sutures except LabralTape^® (271.34 ± 48.48 N, p = 0.99) and TigerWire^® (251.03 ± 25.8 N, p = 0.51). Stiffness was highest for LabralTape^® (195.77 ± 49.06 N/mm), and this result was statistically significantly different than the results for all other sutures except TigerWire^® (186.49 ± 19.83 N/ mm, p = 0.45) and TigerTape^® (173.35 ± 15.60 N/mm, p = 0.19). The majority of sutures failed by pullout (n = 46, 51%) or tearing (n = 40, 45%). Conclusion: Suture design and material affect the biomechanical behavior of porcine meniscal-suture specimens. LabralTape^®, TigerWire^®, and TigerTape^® demonstrated better overall combinations of low elongation, high maximum load to failure, and high stiffness.

Subtle Chemical Shifts Explain the NMR Fingerprints of Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins with High Dentin Biomodification Potency

( Joo Won Nam ),( Rasika S Phansalkar ),( David C Lankin ),( Jonathan Bisson ),( James B Mcalpine ),( Ariene A Leme ),( Cristina M P Vidal ),( Benjamin Ramirez ),( Matthias Niemitz ),( Ana Bedran Russ 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2016 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.26 No.-

The ability of certain oligomeric proanthocya-nidins (OPACs) to enhance the biomechanical properties of dentin involves collagen cross-linking of the 1.3-4.5 nm wide space via protein-polyphenol interactions. A systematic interdisciplinary search for the bioactive principles of pine bark has yielded the trimeric PAC, ent-epicatechin-(4β →S)-epicatechin-(2β→0→7,4β→8)-catechin (3), representing the hitherto most potent single chemical entity capable of enhancing dentin stiffness. Building the case from two congeneric PAC dimers, a detailed structural analysis decoded the stereochemistry, spatial arrangement, and chemical properties of three dentin biomodifiers, Quantum-mechanics-driven ¹H iterative full spin analysis (QM-HiFSA) of NMR spectra distinguished previously unrecognized details such as higher order J coupling and provided valuable information about 3D structure. Detection and quantification of H/D-exchange effects by QM-HiFSA identified C-S and C-6 as (re) active sites, explain preferences in biosynthetic linkage, and suggest their involvement in dentin cross-linking activity. Mapping of these molecular properties underscored the significance of high 8 precision in both ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. Occurring at low- to subppb levels, these newly characterized chemical shift differences in ppb are small but diagnostic measures of dynamic processes inherent to the OPAC pharmacophores and can help augment our understanding of nanometer-scale intermolecular interactions in biomodified dentin macromolecules.

Benefits of Preventive Administration of Chlorella sp. on Visceral Pain and Cystitis Induced by a Single Administration of Cyclophosphamide in Female Wistar Rat

Sophie Hidalgo-Lucas,Pascale Rozan,Laetitia Guerin-Deremaux,Blandine Baert,Nicolas Violle,Marie-Helene Saniez-Degrave,Jean-Francois Bisson 한국식품영양과학회 2016 Journal of medicinal food Vol.19 No.5

Chlorella sp. is a green microalgae containing nutrients, vitamins, minerals, and chlorophyll. In some communities, Chlorella sp. is a traditional medicinal plant used for the management of inflammation-related diseases. In a rat model, ROQUETTE Chlorella sp. (RCs) benefits were investigated on visceral pain and associated inflammatory parameters related to cystitis both induced by cyclophosphamide (CYP). RCs was orally administered every day from day 1–16 (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight). Six hours after an intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg/kg body weight of CYP, body temperature, general behavior, food intake, and body weight were recorded. Twenty-four hours after CYP injection, rats were tested in two behavioral tests, an open field and the aversive light stimulus avoidance conditioning test, to evaluate the influence of pain on general activity and learning ability of rats. After euthanasia, bladders were weighed, their thickness was scored, and the urinary hemoglobin was measured. RCs orally administered at the two dosages significantly reduced visceral pain and associated inflammatory parameters related to cystitis both induced by CYP injection, and improved rat behavior. To conclude, RCs demonstrated beneficial effects against visceral pain and cystitis.